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Morphine on Trial

Bibliographic Data

ID8940498
AuthorsSara Black (0000-0003-2733-0504), Sara Elizabeth Black (0000-0002-3989-1459, corresponding author)
Year2019
Volume42
Issue4
Pages623-653
Publication date2019-09-17
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueFrench Historical Studies (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0016-1071 • E-ISSN: 1527-5493
PublisherDuke University Press (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1215/00161071-7689198
OpenAlexW2974173616
LanguageEN
Citations received1
References cited24

This article examines medical-legal debates over the criminal responsibility of morphine addicts in the fin de siècle, at a time when the use of psychotropic drugs was not yet illegal. Addicted defendants argued that morphine had produced a temporary state of insanity at the time of the crime. However, medical-legal experts emphasized the regulatory influence of morphine over the addicted body, navigating between moralistic arguments about the primacy of free will and deterministic arguments about the role of physiology in establishing criminal responsibility. Withdrawal, rather that morphine, served as the primary condition for criminal irresponsibility in most cases of addiction. Therefore morphine became a fundamental element of the addicted individual, required for these defendants to be considered sane and morally responsible. Cet article examine les débats médico-légaux sur la responsabilité pénale des morphinomanes de la fin du dix-neuvième siècle, une époque où l'usage des psychotropes n'était pas encore illégal. Les inculpés morphinomanes ont soutenu qu'au moment du crime, la morphine les avait rendus fous. Par contre, les experts ont cherché un terrain d'entente entre les arguments moralisateurs sur le libre arbitre et les arguments déterministes qui privilégiaient le rôle de la physiologie dans la responsabilité pénale. C'était le sevrage, la privation de la morphine plutôt que la drogue elle-même, qui était la condition principale de l'irresponsabilité criminelle du morphinomane. Par conséquent, la morphine est devenue un élément fondamental de l'individu morphinomane, et sans morphine l'individu n'était ni sain d'esprit, ni moralement responsable

Addiction · Criminal law · Criminal responsibility · Criminology · Humanities · Insanity · Political science · Psychiatry · European Political History Analysis · Historical and Scientific Studies · Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis · Law · Philosophy · Psychology

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Unique citing works1
Citations per year0,09
Citation span2015 - 2015 (1)
Citation velocityhistorical
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 1

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