What Did the Doctor Say? Health Literacy and Recall of Medical Instructions

Bibliographic Data

ID9099040
AuthorsDanielle M McCarthy (0000-0002-9038-2852, Northwestern University), Katherine Waite, Katherine R Waite, Laura M Curtis (0000-0003-2380-2201, General Department of Preventive Medicine), Kirsten G Engel (0000-0003-2581-3190, Northwestern University), David W Baker (0000-0001-7349-7554, Northwestern University), Michael S Wolf (0000-0002-4342-6517, General Department of Preventive Medicine)
Year2012
Volume50
Issue4
Pages277-282
Publication date2012-04-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueMedical Care (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0025-7079 • E-ISSN: 1537-1948
PublisherOvid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1097/mlr.0b013e318241e8e1
PMID22411440
PMCIDPMC3305916
OpenAlexW1976013449
LanguageEN
Citations received17
References cited33

BACKGROUND: Limited literacy has repeatedly been linked to problems comprehending health information, although the majority of studies to date have focused on reading various print health materials. We sought to investigate patients' ability to recall spoken medical instructions in the context of a hypothetical clinical encounter, and whether limited health literacy would adversely affect performance on the task. METHODS: A total of 755 patients aged 55 to 74 were recruited from 1 academic internal medicine clinic and 3 federally qualified health centers. Participants' health literacy skills and recall of spoken medical instructions for 2 standard hypothetical video scenarios [wound care, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) diagnosis] were assessed. RESULTS: The majority (71.6%) of participants had adequate health literacy skills, and these individuals performed significantly better in correctly recalling spoken information than those with marginal and low literacy in both scenarios: [wound care-mean (SD): low 2.5 (1.3) vs. marginal 3.5 (1.3) vs. adequate 4.6 (1.1); P<0.001), GERD: low 4.2(1.7) vs. marginal 5.2 (1.7) vs. adequate 6.5 (1.7); P<0.001]. Regardless of literacy level, overall recall of information was poor. Few recognized pain (28.5%) or fever (28.2%) as signs of infection. Only 40.5% of participants correctly recalled when to take their GERD pills. CONCLUSIONS: Many older adults may have difficulty remembering verbal instructions conveyed during clinical encounters. We found those with lower health literacy to have poorer ability to recall information. Greater provider awareness of the impact of low health literacy on the recall of spoken instructions may guide providers to communicate more effectively and employ strategies to confirm patient understanding

Cognitive psychology · Family medicine · Health care · Health literacy · Literacy · Medical education · MEDLINE · Pedagogy · Political science · Recall · Health Literacy and Information Accessibility · Law · Medicine · Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare · Psychology · Social Media in Health Education

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