James Jaccard
Biographic Data
| ID | 118589 |
|---|---|
| NAME | James Jaccard |
| GIVEN NAMES | James |
| FAMILY NAME | Jaccard |
| SIGNATURE | JACCARD J |
| AFFILIATIONS | New York University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2254-1487 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 95 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 908 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 95 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1974 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 17 |
How Does Being under the Influence Affect Willingness to Experience Overlapping Effects of Alcohol and Marijuana
Objective This study tested how individuals anticipate they will respond to opportunities to engage in simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use.Methods Two studies utilizing a within-subjects design were conducted. Study 1 was conducted in Spring 2021 and a replication (Study 2) was conducted in Fall 2021. Participants were presented with pairs of scenarios. One scenario pair compared how willing participants expected to be to get drunk if th…
Ethnic Identity and Mechanisms of Mental Health Service Engagement Among Young Adults with Serious Mental Illnesses
Cross-Ethnic Invariance of BSI-18 in Individuals With Serious Mental Illness: New Perspectives on Measurement Invariance Testing
Objective: This study examines the psychometric properties of the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18), a measure of psychological distress, across European Americans, African Americans, and Latinos (N = 1,166) with serious mental illnesses. It also critiques traditional practices for evaluating measurement invariance and suggests new strategies (e.g., use of equivalence testing, incorporation of effect size information) for evaluating invariance.…
Predictors of Mental Health Profile Membership Among Vulnerable Emerging Adults
Purpose: The aim of this study is to understand the role of social support and gender in predicting membership in mental health subgroups that were identified in a previous study of emerging adults who had experienced a child protective services (CPS) investigation during childhood. Method: Using a nationally representative sample of youths (mean age = 18.99; N=1,179) tracked for an extended period following their CPS investigation, the present s…
Parenting as an inhibitor of gender disparities in alcohol use: The case of early adolescents in China
Results suggested that early adolescents' perceptions of general parenting practice nonlinearly moderated gender disparities in alcohol use
Transitory and Dispositional Facets of Ethnic Identity in Latinx Adolescents: A Mixed-Method Analysis
Objective: This research reexamines common conceptualizations of ethnic identity as a relatively stable, dispositional-like construct—in contrast to constructionist theories that emphasize the contextual, situational, and transitory nature of ethnic identity—and integrates the two frameworks. Method: Two studies investigate Latinx ethnic identity in middle school youth in inner-city New York, NY. The first study consisted of in-depth interviews w…
Young adult trauma symptoms in the context of community violence exposure
AIMS: The primary purpose of this study is to understand how community violence exposure is associated with both common and unique variance characterizing posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms among young adults living in a low-resourced setting. METHODS: Data were collected using a cross-sectional survey design. Participants were recruited from public housing developments in a city in the eastern United States. Participants completed a survey that…
Prevention Science and Child/Youth Development: Randomized Explanatory Trials for Integrating Theory, Method, and Analysis in Program Evaluation
We describe randomized explanatory trials (RETs), a framework for evaluating interventions to prevent adolescent problem behaviors. The approach maps intervention components onto hypothesized mediators of program effects and then uses structural equation modeling to evaluate whether the program changed those mediators and if assumptions of mediator relevance are viable. We review and explain key concepts related to theoretical issues of choosing …
Adherence to Type 2 Diabetes Treatment Protocols Among Indigenous Women of Western Guatemala
A qualitative study was conducted at a public hospital in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala, to better understand sources of lack of patient adherence to medical protocols for treating Type 2 Diabetes in indigenous women. The sources included contextual, cultural, and psychological factors. Interviews were conducted with twenty-nine women and five physicians involved in care of diabetes patients in the Department of Internal Medicine of the Hospital Regi…
Vocational education paths, youth activities, and underage drinking in Russia: How early does the trouble start
Mental Health Subgroups Among Vulnerable Emerging Adults, and Their Functioning
Objective: The present study aimed to (a) identify what mental health profiles exist among emerging adults with a history of childhood contact with Child Protective Services (CPS), and (b) examine whether the level of young-adult functioning varies across the profiles. Method: Latent profile analysis was conducted with a nationally representative sample of youths (mean age = 18.99, N = 1,179) who were tracked for an extended time following CPS in…
Social Context in Mental Health Service Use Among Young Adults
Examining the sources of health communication that young adults with mental health challenges receive regarding service use is critical to curbing the societal concern of unmet mental health needs of this population. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 59 young adults, all of whom were diagnosed with a mood disorder and used public mental health services and additional public systems of care during childhood. Thematic analysis was utili…
The Prevention of Problem Behaviors in Adolescents and Young Adults: Perspectives on Theory and Practice
Behavior-Specific and Common-Cause Approaches to Prevention ProgramsDevelopmental scientists have long sought to identify the causes of problem behaviors in youth, with at least two conceptually distinct approaches used frequently. One approach emphasizes the common determinants of problem behaviors, arguing that variation in problem behaviors is due in large part to common causes that impact each behavior, such as sensation seeking, locus of con…
Using the IAT to predict ethnic and racial discrimination: Small effect sizes of unknown societal significance
Greenwald, Banaji, and Nosek (2015) present a reanalysis of the meta-analysis by Oswald, Mitchell, Blanton, Jaccard, and Tetlock (2013) that examined the effect sizes of Implicit Association Tests (IATs) designed to predict racial and ethnic discrimination. We discuss points of agreement and disagreement with respect to methods used to synthesize the IAT studies, and we correct an error by Greenwald et al. that obscures a key contribution of our …
Nonacademic Factors Associated with Dropping Out of High School: Adolescent Problem Behaviors
This study uses a social capital and collective socialization lens to examine nonacademic factors in middle school that predict students’ failure to complete high school, and focuses on youth who engage in adolescent problem behaviors of smoking cigarettes, sexual intercourse, delinquency, marijuana use, and alcohol use. Our area of interest was the extent to which these variables were predictive of dropping out of high school measured 6 years la…
Race and Perceived Pubertal Transition Effects on Girls’ Depressive Symptoms and Delinquent Behaviors
Predicting ethnic and racial discrimination: A meta-analysis of IAT criterion studies
Emotions and Cognitions as Correlates of Early Adolescent Sexual Behavior Among Dominican Youth in the United States and Dominican Republic
Suicidal Thoughts in Adopted Versus Non-Adopted Youth: A Longitudinal Analysis in Adolescence, Early Young Adulthood, and Young Adulthood
Data from 3 waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a nationally representative database, are used to test complex models addressing the developmental links between child adoption or non-adoption and suicidal ideation across adolescence, early young adulthood, and young adulthood. Diverse developmental dynamics are tested, while controlling for a variety of potential demographic confounds. Models are tested comparing kin an…
The Reasoned Action Model: Directions for Future Research
The reasoned action model (RAM) of Fishbein and Ajzen has been highly influential in the social and health sciences. This article describes three areas for future research that should expand its explanatory power. One area of research focuses on an idiographic RAM that encourages researchers to pursue the estimation of RAM parameters on a per-individual level rather than through traditional nomothetic modeling. The second area encourages scientis…
Static, dynamic, integrated, and contextualized: A framework for understanding mental health service utilization among young adults
Children's state anxiety in reaction to disaster media cues: A preliminary test of a multivariate model
Early Adolescent Romantic Relationships and Maternal Approval among Inner City Latino Families
Psychiatric Symptom Typology in a Sample of Youth Receiving Substance Abuse Treatment Services: Associations with Self-Reported Child Maltreatment and Sexual Risk Behaviors
A Comparative Study of Interventions for Delaying The Initiation of Sexual Intercourse Among Latino And Black Youth
The proportions of adolescents who initiated intercourse during the study period were not significantly different across groups, implying that the interventions were comparable. Findings suggest that FTT may have led to improved parenting behaviors
Predicting ethnic and racial discrimination: A meta-analysis of IAT criterion studies
Arbitrary metrics in psychology
Many psychological tests have arbitrary metrics but are appropriate for testing psychological theories. Metric arbitrariness is a concern, however, when researchers wish to draw inferences about the true, absolute standing of a group or individual on the latent psychological dimension being measured. The authors illustrate this in the context of 2 case studies in which psychologists need to develop inventories with nonarbitrary metrics. One examp…
Peer Influences on Risk Behavior: An Analysis of the Effects of a Close Friend
Cross-sectional research suggests that peer influence has a moderate to strong impact on adolescent risk behavior. Such estimates may be inflated owing to third-variable confounds representing either friendship selection effects or the operation of parallel events. Approximately 1,700 peer dyads in Grades 7 to 11 were studied over a 1-year period to estimate the influence of closest friends on sexual activity and binge drinking. Analyses suggeste…
Parenting Practices among Dominican and Puerto Rican Mothers
This study presents descriptive qualitative data about Latino parenting practices in an urban context. Focus groups were conducted with Dominican and Puerto Rican mother-adolescent pairs in the Bronx borough of NewYork City. When parenting style typologies are integrated with the Latino cultural components familismo, respeto, personalismo, and simpatía, Latino parenting practices and their underlying styles are better understood. Content analysis…
Parent-Teen Communication about Premarital Sex: Factors Associated With the Extent of Communication
Twenty-one parental and 16 adolescent topic-specific reservations that parents and adolescents may have about discussing sex and birth control were explored in a sample of 751 African American inner-city youths (14 to 17 years old) and their mothers. Both maternal and adolescent perspectives were obtained with regard to the prevalence of specific reservations and the extent to which they were predictive of communication behavior. Topic-specific r…
Decoding the implicit association test: Implications for criterion prediction
Perceptions of Knowledge, Actual Knowledge, and Information Search Behavior
Variables that moderate the attitude–behavior relation: Results of a longitudinal survey
Unconscious Racism: A Concept in Pursuit of a Measure
It is common in scientific and popular discussions to claim that unconscious racism is both prevalent and potent in modern societies. We review the theoretical models that posit different forms of unconscious racism and evaluate the empirical evidence for them. Our analysis suggests that people may sometimes lack knowledge of and control over the causes and consequences of their racial biases. However, there is little evidence to support the more…
Population psychology: A new look at an old problem
On the basis of a theoretical model developed by Fishbein it was predicted that an individuals intention to engage in a specific family planning behavior is a function of 2 components: ones beliefs regarding the consequences of performing that behavior multiplied by the evaluation of those consequences; and ones normative beliefs multiplied by ones motivation to comply with those perceived notions. The study subjects consisted of a stratified ran…
Measurement error in the analysis of interaction effects between continuous predictors using multiple regression: Multiple indicator and structural equation approaches
Atttudes and behavior: Implications of attitudes toward behavioral alternatives
Using the IAT to predict ethnic and racial discrimination: Small effect sizes of unknown societal significance
Greenwald, Banaji, and Nosek (2015) present a reanalysis of the meta-analysis by Oswald, Mitchell, Blanton, Jaccard, and Tetlock (2013) that examined the effect sizes of Implicit Association Tests (IATs) designed to predict racial and ethnic discrimination. We discuss points of agreement and disagreement with respect to methods used to synthesize the IAT studies, and we correct an error by Greenwald et al. that obscures a key contribution of our …
An informational approach to altruistic behavior
Parental Expertise, Trustworthiness, and Accessibility: Parent-Adolescent Communication and Adolescent Risk Behavior
A communication framework of persuasion and attitude change was utilized to analyze parent-adolescent communication about adolescent risk behavior. Three parent dimensions were deemed important: (a) perceived expertise, (b) perceived trustworthiness, and (c) perceived accessibility. Data were collected in surveys from 668 mother-adolescent dyads in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods in New York City (N= 668). Results showed weak corresponde…
The Content and Process of Mother--Adolescent Communication about Sex in Latino Families
Journal Article The Content and Process of Mother—Adolescent Communication about Sex in Latino Families Get access Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, PhD, Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, PhD associate professor School of Social Work, Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027; e-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Patricia Dittus, PhD, Patricia Dittus, PhD health scientist Division of A…
Static, dynamic, integrated, and contextualized: A framework for understanding mental health service utilization among young adults
The Relationship between Social Support and Life Satisfaction as a Function of Family Structure
The present study focuses on the discriminant validity of 4 types of social support and the utility of distinguishing support provision from different referents. Hypotheses about the influence of family structure on the relationship between social support and life satisfaction were formally evaluated. The respondents were 512 parents, including 176 married mothers, 172 married fathers, and 164 single mothers. Results corroborate the importance of…
New directions in behavioral process research: Implications for social psychology
Dual Ethnicity and Depressive Symptoms: Implications of Being Black and Latino in the United States
This study investigated the expression of depressive symptoms in adolescents who are of Afro-Latino descent. Levels of expression of depressive symptoms were compared for four groups of adolescents in Grades 7 through 12 residing in the United States: European Americans, African Americans, Latinos, and Afro-Latinos. One hypothesis is that Afro-Latinos should exhibit higher levels of depressive symptoms than either African Americans or Latinos by …
Older adolescents' engagement in casual sex: Impact of risk perception and psychosocial motivations
Predicting social behavior from personality traits
Plausible assumptions, questionable assumptions and post hoc rationalizations: Will the real IAT, please stand up
The Impact of African American Fathers on Adolescent Sexual Behavior
Recalling Sexual Partners: The Accuracy of Self-Reports
Accuracy of recall of the number of sexual partners individuals had over a period of one month, three months, six months and one year was studied in a group of 285 young, single, heterosexual adults. Self-reports of the number of partners were obtained on a weekly basis and then compared with recall of behavior over longer time periods that overlapped the weekly measures. For individuals who claimed abstinence or who claimed to be monogamous, acc…
Predicting social behavior from personality traits
A Comparison of Two Models of Social Behavior: Results of a Survey Sample
Inferential beliefs and order effects in personality impression formation
A multitrait-multimethod analysis of four attitude assessment procedures
Population psychology: A new look at an old problem
On the basis of a theoretical model developed by Fishbein it was predicted that an individuals intention to engage in a specific family planning behavior is a function of 2 components: ones beliefs regarding the consequences of performing that behavior multiplied by the evaluation of those consequences; and ones normative beliefs multiplied by ones motivation to comply with those perceived notions. The study subjects consisted of a stratified ran…
Social facilitation and observational learning of individuals and cooperative pairs
The relation of psychological, social, and economic variables to fertility-related decisions
To test a recent model of social behavior, a questionnaire was designed and administered to 270 married women in a midwestern city. A stratified random sample was obtained, comprising a 2 × 3 factorial design (Catholic vs. Protestant and high vs. middle vs. low socioeconomic status). It was hypothesized that an individual’s intention to engage in a fertility-related behavior would be highly correlated with (a) her beliefs about the consequences o…
An informational approach to altruistic behavior
Attitudes and Behavior: An Analysis of Specificity of Attitudinal Predictors
Three studies are reported that test the hypothesis that the best attitudinal predictor of behavior is one that is specific to the behavioral criterion. In all three studies, an individual's attitude toward performing the behavior was more highly correlated with behavior than the individual's attitude toward the object of the behavior. This was true (a) in predicting both current and future behaviors of individuals, (b) by using either self-repor…
The Relation Between Behavioral Intentions and Beliefs: A Probabilistic Model
Based on mathematical probability theory, a model of the relationship between beliefs and behavioral intention was proposed and tested. In Experiment 1, subjects indicated their beliefs about the consequences of smoking cigarettes as well as their intention to smoke cigarettes. When combined according to the proposed model the average correlation between predicted and obtained behavioral intention was .78 (p<.01). In Experiment 2, implications of…
Variables that moderate the attitude-behavior relation: Results of a longitudinal survey
Variables that moderate the attitude–behavior relation: Results of a longitudinal survey
Prediction of behavior from beliefs: An extension and test of a subjective probability model
Preference, Search, and Choice: An Integrative Approach
A framework for integrating a process-descriptive method of information search with methods of estimating attribute and product preference is described. Consumer choice for a product variation is examined within this framework. The data show that consumers make rational decisions based on searched information, but do not necessarily make predicted product-choice decisions when all available product varieties and attribute information are taken in…
Career-marriage orientations in college youth: An analysis of perceived personal consequences and normative pressures
Personality Traits and Multiple-Act Criteria
Hewes and Haight question the utility of a multiple act approach for understanding the relationship between traits and communicative behavior. Based upon data collected in two separate studies, they suggest that previous investigations have overestimated the contribution of the multiple-act approach. However, an analysis of their report suggests that their findings are ambiguous and less than compelling. A taxonomy of behavioral measures is expli…
Atttudes and behavior: Implications of attitudes toward behavioral alternatives
Toward theories of persuasion and belief change
The Childbearing Decision: Fertility Attitudes and Behavior
Pairwise multiple comparison procedures: A review
Pairwise multiple comparison procedures: A review
A comparison of six methods for assessing the importance of perceived consequences in behavioral decisions: Applications from attitude research
Attitudes and behavior: An information integration perspective
Assessing Attribute Importance: A Comparison of Six Methods
Six methods of measuring attribute importance were evaluated for convergent validity. The methods were (1) an open-ended elicitation approach, (2) an information-search approach based on Jacoby's behavioral process technology, (3) direct ratings of importance, (4) conjoint measurement, (5) indices based on Jaccard's subjective probability approach, and (6) a paired comparison approach. The convergent validity of importance methods was investigate…
Cross-Cultural Methods for the Study of Behavioral Decision Making
A framework for studying behavioral decision making in cross-cultural contexts is described. The approach is based upon a combined etic-emic methodology and circumvents scaling problems that have plagued past applications of decision theory in different cultures. The approach was applied empirically to career decisions of college students in the United States and Hong Kong. Overall, the data were supportive of the framework
Psychology (86 works) · Social Psychology (45 works) · Social Psychology (38 works) · Developmental psychology (37 works) · Medicine (35 works) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (21 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (20 works) · Computer Science (20 works) · Psychiatry (20 works) · Sociology (20 works)