Kathleen Mccartney
Biographic Data
| ID | 95818 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Kathleen Mccartney |
| GIVEN NAMES | Kathleen |
| FAMILY NAME | Mccartney |
| SIGNATURE | MCCARTNEY K |
| AFFILIATIONS | Harvard University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 40 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 442 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 39 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1981 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Sandra Wood Scarr (1936–2021)
Memorializes Sandra Wood Scarr (1936-2021). Developmental psychologist Sandra Scarr was born on August 8, 1936. After earning her AB from Vassar College in 1958 and her doctorate in psychology and social relations from Harvard University in 1965, she began her career as a developmental psychologist whose research informed fundamental questions about experience and development. Scarr used a variety of methods to assess experience and development, …
Parent-child Relations Throughout Life
Contents: S. Scarr, Foreword. Preface. Part I:Attachment. I. Bretherton, Z. Biringen, D. Ridgeway, The Parental Side of Attachment. V.G. Cicirelli, Attachment Theory in Old Age: Protection of the Attached Figure. Part II:Transitions. C.J. Mebert, Variability in the Transition to Parenthood Experience. A.M. Boxer, J.A. Cook, G. Herdt, Double Jeopardy: Identity Transitions and Parent-Child Relations Among Gay and Lesbian Youth. C.N. Nydegger, The D…
Examining the Black–White Achievement Gap Among Low-Income Children Using the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development
The Black–White achievement gap in children’s reading and mathematics school performance from 41⁄2 years of age through fifth grade was examined in a sample of 314 lower income American youth followed from birth. Differences in family, child care, and schooling experiences largely explained Black–White differences in achievement, and instructional quality was a stronger predictor for Black than White children. In addition, the achievement gap was…
Risks and outcomes associated with disorganized/controlling patterns of attachment at age three years in the National Institute of Child Health & Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth …
Disorganized/controlling attachment in preschool has been found to be associated with maternal and child maladjustment, making it of keen interest in the study of psychopathology. Additional work is needed, however, to better understand disorganized/controlling attachment occurring as early as age 3 years. The primary aims of this study were to evaluate risk factors and outcomes associated with disorganized/controlling behavior at age 3 years and…
Effectiveness of an HIV Prevention Program for Women Visiting Their Incarcerated Partners: The Home Project
Having an incarcerated partner presents a unique HIV risk for women, particularly low-income women of color. We developed a population-specific risk reduction intervention for women visiting men in prison that was peer educator-based and included individual and community-level intervention components. Women who were assessed prior to the intervention period had a positive association between the number of unprotected penetrative intercourse (UPI)…
Testing a series of causal propositions relating time in child care to children’s externalizing behavior
Prior research has documented associations between hours in child care and children's externalizing behavior. A series of longitudinal analyses were conducted to address 5 propositions, each testing the hypothesis that child care hours causes externalizing behavior. Data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Early Child Care Research Network (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development were used in this inve…
Does Higher Quality Early Child Care Promote Low-Income Children’s Math and Reading Achievement in Middle Childhood?
Higher quality child care during infancy and early childhood (6–54 months of age) was examined as a moderator of associations between family economic status and children’s (N = 1,364) math and reading achievement in middle childhood (4.5–11 years of age). Low income was less strongly predictive of underachievement for children who had been in higher quality care than for those who had not. Consistent with a cognitive advantage hypothesis, higher …
Quality child care supports the achievement of low-income children: Direct and indirect pathways through caregiving and the home environment
Are There Long-Term Effects of Early Child Care?
Effects of early child care on children's functioning from 41⁄2 years through the end of 6th grade (M age=12.0 years) were examined in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (n=1,364). The results indicated that although parenting was a stronger and more consistent predictor of children's development than early child-care experience, higher quality care predicted higher vocabul…
Examining Teacher–Child Relationships and Achievement as Part of an Ecological Model of Development
The purpose of the present study is to examine associations between quality of teacher–child relationships from preschool through third grade and children’s third-grade achievement using Phases I, II, and III data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Care and Education, a prospective study of 1,364 children from birth through sixth grade. There are three main findings. First, positive associations were …
Mother - Child Relationship as a Moderator of the Relation Between Family Educational Involvement and Child Achievement
Objective. This investigation addresses the moderating effect of mother - child warmth and conflict on associations between family involvement in children's education and kindergartners' mathematics and literacy achievement. Design. One hundred seventy-five kindergartners and their mothers from low-income families completed questionnaires and assessments. Results. Maternal perceptions of warmth evidenced a significant moderating effect, but perce…
Determinants of Dyadic Scaffolding and Cognitive Outcomes in First Graders
Objective. The purposes of this study were to identify mother, child, and dyadic determinants of effective mother–child collaboration and to determine the impact of this collaboration on children's cognitive development. Design. Ninety-two mother–child dyads from the Massachusetts site of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development participated in a site-specific, home-based instruc…
Within-child associations between family income and externalizing and internalizing problems
Within-child associations between family income and child externalizing and internalizing problems were examined using longitudinal data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (2004a, 2004b; N=1,132). Variations in income effects were estimated as a function of whether families were poor, whether mothers were partnered, and the number of hours mothers and their partners were employed. On average, children had fewer externa…
You can't do nothing in this damn place”: Sex and intimacy among couples with an incarcerated male partner
In an effort to deepen our understanding of how circumstances of forced separation and the interdiction of physical contact affect women's sexual behavior, we investigated the development and maintenance of heterosexual couples' intimacy when the male partner is incarcerated. As HIV-prevention scientists who work with women visiting men at a California state prison, we recognize that correctional control extends to these women's bodies, both when…
Implications of Family Income Dynamics for Women’s Depressive Symptoms During the First 3 Years After Childbirth
Objectives. We examined within-person associations between changes in family income and women’s depressive symptoms during the first 3 years after childbirth. Methods. Data were analyzed for 1351 women (mean baseline age = 28.13 years) who participated in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care. Nineteen percent of these women belonged to an ethnic minority, and 35% were poor at some time during the …
On Childcare as a Support for Maternal Employment Wages and Hours
Data from the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, a stratified random sample of 1,364 children and their families from birth through first grade, were used to examine whether mothers' use of early childcare for their children predicted later maternal employment. Children's total number of hours in childcare was associated with higher maternal wages and more hours of em…
Variations in Child Care by Grandparents During the First Three Years
Routine child care by grandparents was examined for 1,229 children who were participants in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care. Four groups were identified: extended full‐time care, extended part‐time care, sporadic care, and no routine care during the first three years. The odds of sporadic child care by grandparents were higher when mothers were relatively young and worked nonstandard …
Do regulable features of child-care homes affect children’s development
"Child-Care Usage and Mother-Infant "Quality Time
Mothers' time-use patterns were compared in families in which infants spent more than 30 hours per week in child care (In-Care group; n= 143) versus 0 hours per week (At-Home group; n= 183) from birth to 6 months of age. In-Care group mothers spent about 12 fewer hours per week interacting with their infants, for about 32% less time; fathers of these infants were more involved in caregiving. The groups did not differ in the quality of mother-infa…
Change in Family Income-to-Needs Matters More for Children with Less
Hierarchical linear modeling was used to model the dynamics of family income-to-needs for participants of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care (N= 1,364) from the time that children were 1 through 36 months of age. Associations between change in income-to-needs and 36-month child outcomes (i.e., school readiness, receptive language, expressive language, positive social behavior, and behavior probl…
It Takes an Urban Village: Parenting Networks of Urban Families
This study examined the extent to which an urban village exists, in a sample of 206 African American, European American, and Hispanic American families with an elementary schoolaged child. The urban village was evident in parental social networks with family, friends, and neighbors, although the nature of these networks varied. Multiple regression analyses indicated that parental social networks have an indirect effect on children's socioemotiona…
Effect Size, Practical Importance, and Social Policy for Children
Real decisions for real children are influenced by the papers developmentalists write, regardless of whether we ever intended our papers to be used in the policy arena. Yet most social scientists seldom analyze data in ways that are most useful to policymakers. The primary purpose of this paper is to share three ideas concerning how to evaluate the practical importance of a finding or set of findings. First, for research to be most useful not onl…
Within and beyond the classroom door: Assessing quality in child care centers
Adolescent Females' Security with Parents Predicts the Quality of Peer Interaction
This study examined the association between security with parents and the quality of interactions between adolescent best friends. Thirty‐six girls and their best friends, between the ages of 15 and 18 years, were recruited to participate in the study. They were videotaped while discussing unresolved problems each adolescent had experienced in her life. Security with parents and peers, self‐esteem, and locus of control were assessed with question…
Adolescent Females' Security with Parents Predicts the Quality of Peer Interactions
Child-care quality and children's social development
Effect of quality of day care environment on children's language development
L'auteur etudie les effets de la qualite des conditions d'accueil, notamment l'importance des interactions verbales entre les enfants et le personnel, sur le developpement intellectuel et le langage. Les sujets, enfants âges de 36 a 68 mois furent observes dans 9 centres dont l'auteur a evalue les caracteristiques principales (espace ecologique, competence du personnel, activites, taux d'interactions verbales avec le personnel et les compagnons d…
Within-child associations between family income and externalizing and internalizing problems
Within-child associations between family income and child externalizing and internalizing problems were examined using longitudinal data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (2004a, 2004b; N=1,132). Variations in income effects were estimated as a function of whether families were poor, whether mothers were partnered, and the number of hours mothers and their partners were employed. On average, children had fewer externa…
Within and beyond the classroom door: Assessing quality in child care centers
You can't do nothing in this damn place”: Sex and intimacy among couples with an incarcerated male partner
In an effort to deepen our understanding of how circumstances of forced separation and the interdiction of physical contact affect women's sexual behavior, we investigated the development and maintenance of heterosexual couples' intimacy when the male partner is incarcerated. As HIV-prevention scientists who work with women visiting men at a California state prison, we recognize that correctional control extends to these women's bodies, both when…
Testing a series of causal propositions relating time in child care to children’s externalizing behavior
Prior research has documented associations between hours in child care and children's externalizing behavior. A series of longitudinal analyses were conducted to address 5 propositions, each testing the hypothesis that child care hours causes externalizing behavior. Data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Early Child Care Research Network (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development were used in this inve…
Variations in Child Care by Grandparents During the First Three Years
Routine child care by grandparents was examined for 1,229 children who were participants in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care. Four groups were identified: extended full‐time care, extended part‐time care, sporadic care, and no routine care during the first three years. The odds of sporadic child care by grandparents were higher when mothers were relatively young and worked nonstandard …
Examining Teacher–Child Relationships and Achievement as Part of an Ecological Model of Development
The purpose of the present study is to examine associations between quality of teacher–child relationships from preschool through third grade and children’s third-grade achievement using Phases I, II, and III data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Care and Education, a prospective study of 1,364 children from birth through sixth grade. There are three main findings. First, positive associations were …
Do regulable features of child-care homes affect children’s development
Growing up and growing apart: A developmental meta-analysis of twin studies
It Takes an Urban Village: Parenting Networks of Urban Families
This study examined the extent to which an urban village exists, in a sample of 206 African American, European American, and Hispanic American families with an elementary schoolaged child. The urban village was evident in parental social networks with family, friends, and neighbors, although the nature of these networks varied. Multiple regression analyses indicated that parental social networks have an indirect effect on children's socioemotiona…
"Child-Care Usage and Mother-Infant "Quality Time
Mothers' time-use patterns were compared in families in which infants spent more than 30 hours per week in child care (In-Care group; n= 143) versus 0 hours per week (At-Home group; n= 183) from birth to 6 months of age. In-Care group mothers spent about 12 fewer hours per week interacting with their infants, for about 32% less time; fathers of these infants were more involved in caregiving. The groups did not differ in the quality of mother-infa…
Implications of Family Income Dynamics for Women’s Depressive Symptoms During the First 3 Years After Childbirth
Objectives. We examined within-person associations between changes in family income and women’s depressive symptoms during the first 3 years after childbirth. Methods. Data were analyzed for 1351 women (mean baseline age = 28.13 years) who participated in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care. Nineteen percent of these women belonged to an ethnic minority, and 35% were poor at some time during the …
Risks and outcomes associated with disorganized/controlling patterns of attachment at age three years in the National Institute of Child Health & Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth …
Disorganized/controlling attachment in preschool has been found to be associated with maternal and child maladjustment, making it of keen interest in the study of psychopathology. Additional work is needed, however, to better understand disorganized/controlling attachment occurring as early as age 3 years. The primary aims of this study were to evaluate risk factors and outcomes associated with disorganized/controlling behavior at age 3 years and…
On Childcare as a Support for Maternal Employment Wages and Hours
Data from the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, a stratified random sample of 1,364 children and their families from birth through first grade, were used to examine whether mothers' use of early childcare for their children predicted later maternal employment. Children's total number of hours in childcare was associated with higher maternal wages and more hours of em…
Adolescent Females' Security with Parents Predicts the Quality of Peer Interaction
This study examined the association between security with parents and the quality of interactions between adolescent best friends. Thirty‐six girls and their best friends, between the ages of 15 and 18 years, were recruited to participate in the study. They were videotaped while discussing unresolved problems each adolescent had experienced in her life. Security with parents and peers, self‐esteem, and locus of control were assessed with question…
Parallels between Research on Child Care and Research on School Effects
The study of child-care effects and the study of school effects have each developed through three parallel phases of research questions. Perhaps as a consequence, there have been striking similarities in the methodological and conceptual advances in both areas. For this reason, it is argued that child-care researchers and school-effects researchers would benefit by monitoring progress in one another's field as they assess what matters for which t…
Maternal Employment Should Be Studied within Social Ecologies
Children's use of scripts in story recall
(1981). Children's use of scripts in story recall. Discourse Processes: Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 59-70
Mother - Child Relationship as a Moderator of the Relation Between Family Educational Involvement and Child Achievement
Objective. This investigation addresses the moderating effect of mother - child warmth and conflict on associations between family involvement in children's education and kindergartners' mathematics and literacy achievement. Design. One hundred seventy-five kindergartners and their mothers from low-income families completed questionnaires and assessments. Results. Maternal perceptions of warmth evidenced a significant moderating effect, but perce…
The Sociology of Childhood at and in an Uncertain Age
Social connectedness and mothering: Effects of maternal employment and maternal absence
Determinants of Dyadic Scaffolding and Cognitive Outcomes in First Graders
Objective. The purposes of this study were to identify mother, child, and dyadic determinants of effective mother–child collaboration and to determine the impact of this collaboration on children's cognitive development. Design. Ninety-two mother–child dyads from the Massachusetts site of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development participated in a site-specific, home-based instruc…
Children's use of scripts in story recall
(1981). Children's use of scripts in story recall. Discourse Processes: Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 59-70
The screening, assessment and treatment of language delay in young children: An evaluation plan
Day care as language intervention
Effect of quality of day care environment on children's language development
L'auteur etudie les effets de la qualite des conditions d'accueil, notamment l'importance des interactions verbales entre les enfants et le personnel, sur le developpement intellectuel et le langage. Les sujets, enfants âges de 36 a 68 mois furent observes dans 9 centres dont l'auteur a evalue les caracteristiques principales (espace ecologique, competence du personnel, activites, taux d'interactions verbales avec le personnel et les compagnons d…
Child-care quality and children's social development
Child care and attachment: A new frontier the second time around
A review of the research reveals that older studies show no group differences in mother-child attachment between children cared for at home by their mothers and children in substitute child care, and that newer studies do report differences. Along with other methodological limitations, most fail to consider interaction of family and child care systems. An ecological model is considered with suggestions for future research
Working mothers and their families
The topic of maternal employment and its effects on the family is receiving considerable attention as more and more mothers enter the work force when their children are very young. This article reviews the effects of mothers' employment on marital relations, on the development of their children, and on mothers themselves
Social connectedness and mothering: Effects of maternal employment and maternal absence
Parallels between Research on Child Care and Research on School Effects
The study of child-care effects and the study of school effects have each developed through three parallel phases of research questions. Perhaps as a consequence, there have been striking similarities in the methodological and conceptual advances in both areas. For this reason, it is argued that child-care researchers and school-effects researchers would benefit by monitoring progress in one another's field as they assess what matters for which t…
Growing up and growing apart: A developmental meta-analysis of twin studies
Maternal Employment Should Be Studied within Social Ecologies
The Sociology of Childhood at and in an Uncertain Age
On using research as a tool
On using research as a tool
In Search of Transactional Processes in the Caregiving System
Adolescent Females' Security with Parents Predicts the Quality of Peer Interaction
This study examined the association between security with parents and the quality of interactions between adolescent best friends. Thirty‐six girls and their best friends, between the ages of 15 and 18 years, were recruited to participate in the study. They were videotaped while discussing unresolved problems each adolescent had experienced in her life. Security with parents and peers, self‐esteem, and locus of control were assessed with question…
Adolescent Females' Security with Parents Predicts the Quality of Peer Interactions
Effect Size, Practical Importance, and Social Policy for Children
Real decisions for real children are influenced by the papers developmentalists write, regardless of whether we ever intended our papers to be used in the policy arena. Yet most social scientists seldom analyze data in ways that are most useful to policymakers. The primary purpose of this paper is to share three ideas concerning how to evaluate the practical importance of a finding or set of findings. First, for research to be most useful not onl…
Within and beyond the classroom door: Assessing quality in child care centers
Change in Family Income-to-Needs Matters More for Children with Less
Hierarchical linear modeling was used to model the dynamics of family income-to-needs for participants of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care (N= 1,364) from the time that children were 1 through 36 months of age. Associations between change in income-to-needs and 36-month child outcomes (i.e., school readiness, receptive language, expressive language, positive social behavior, and behavior probl…
It Takes an Urban Village: Parenting Networks of Urban Families
This study examined the extent to which an urban village exists, in a sample of 206 African American, European American, and Hispanic American families with an elementary schoolaged child. The urban village was evident in parental social networks with family, friends, and neighbors, although the nature of these networks varied. Multiple regression analyses indicated that parental social networks have an indirect effect on children's socioemotiona…
Do regulable features of child-care homes affect children’s development
"Child-Care Usage and Mother-Infant "Quality Time
Mothers' time-use patterns were compared in families in which infants spent more than 30 hours per week in child care (In-Care group; n= 143) versus 0 hours per week (At-Home group; n= 183) from birth to 6 months of age. In-Care group mothers spent about 12 fewer hours per week interacting with their infants, for about 32% less time; fathers of these infants were more involved in caregiving. The groups did not differ in the quality of mother-infa…
Variations in Child Care by Grandparents During the First Three Years
Routine child care by grandparents was examined for 1,229 children who were participants in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care. Four groups were identified: extended full‐time care, extended part‐time care, sporadic care, and no routine care during the first three years. The odds of sporadic child care by grandparents were higher when mothers were relatively young and worked nonstandard …
Implications of Family Income Dynamics for Women’s Depressive Symptoms During the First 3 Years After Childbirth
Objectives. We examined within-person associations between changes in family income and women’s depressive symptoms during the first 3 years after childbirth. Methods. Data were analyzed for 1351 women (mean baseline age = 28.13 years) who participated in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care. Nineteen percent of these women belonged to an ethnic minority, and 35% were poor at some time during the …
Psychology (38 works) · Developmental psychology (27 works) · Early Childhood Education and Development (21 works) · Medicine (21 works) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (11 works) · Child care (11 works) · Social Psychology (11 works) · Child development (9 works) · Parental Involvement in Education (8 works) · Nursing (7 works)