Henk A M Wilke
Biographic Data
| ID | 98122 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Henk A M Wilke |
| GIVEN NAMES | Henk A M |
| FAMILY NAME | Wilke |
| SIGNATURE | WILKE H A M |
| AFFILIATIONS | b Leiden University , The Netherlands |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 425 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1986 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Less power or powerless? Egocentric empathy gaps and the irony of having little versus no power in social decision making
The authors investigate the effect of power differences and associated expectations in social decision making. Using a modified ultimatum game, the authors show that allocators lower their offers to recipients when the power difference shifts in favor of the allocator. Remarkably, however, when recipients are completely powerless, offers increase. This effect is mediated by a change in framing of the situation: When the opponent is without power,…
Situational and Personality Factors as Direct or Personal Norm Mediated Predictors of Pro-environmental Behavior: Questions Derived From Norm-activation Theory
Studies that use the norm activation theory (Schwartz, 1977 Schwartz , S. H. ( 1977 ). Normative influences on altruism . In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 10 , pp. 221 – 279 ). New York : Academic Press .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) to explain pro-environmental behavior often focus on personal norms and on two situational activators, i.e., awareness of need and situational responsibility (e.g., Vining & Eb…
Procedural justice in authority relations: The strength of outcome dependence influences people's reactions to voice
In this article, we study how the strength of outcome dependence, defined as the extent to which people's outcomes depend on authority's decisions, influences their reactions to voice or no‐voice procedures. We suggest that in situations where people are strongly outcome dependent they assume that the authority may not consider their views, and therefore voice procedures exert less influence on people's procedure judgments than in situations wher…
The effect of feedback on support for a sanctioning system in a social dilemma: The difference between installing and maintaining the sanction
Undermining trust and cooperation: The paradox of sanctioning systems in social dilemmas
How do people react to negative procedures? On the moderating role of authority’s biased attitudes
Procedural justice and intragroup status: Knowing where we stand in a group enhances reactions to procedures
Do-no-harm in coalition formation: Why losses inhibit exclusion and promote fairness cognitions
The role of standing in the psychology of procedural justice: Towards theoretical integration
In the current chapter, the authors explore the relation between social standing and procedural justice. Standing is an important construct in procedural justice theories and tends to be broadly defined as the position that people have in social groups. It is argued that the standing construct suffers from conceptual ambiguity: In procedural justice literature two distinct interpretations of standing can be distinguished, one defining standing as…
Group Belongingness and Procedural Justice: Social Inclusion and Exclusion by Peers Affects the Psychology of Voice
The authors focus on the relation between group membership and procedural justice. They argue that whether people are socially included or excluded by their peers influences their reactions to unrelated experiences of procedural justice. Findings from 2 experiments corroborate the prediction that reactions to voice as opposed to no-voice procedures are affected more strongly when people are included in a group than when they are excluded from a g…
Procedural justice and status: Status salience as antecedent of procedural fairness effects
The current article explores status as an antecedent of procedural fairness effects (the findings that perceived procedural fairness affects people's reactions, e.g., their relational judgments). On the basis of the literature, the authors proposed that salience of the general concept of status leads people to be more attentive to procedural fairness information and that, as a consequence, stronger procedural fairness effects should be found. In …
Will we be working together again? The impact of future interdependence on group members' task motivation
The extent to which group members contribute effort efficiently, i.e. to the extent that their efforts add to the group product, or equally to their fellow worker is investigated as a function of group members' expectations about future interdependence. An experimental set‐up was employed in which (1) participants were able to determine what would be an efficient and what would be an equal amount of effort to exert, and (2) in which efficiency an…
Bad news transmission as a function of the definitiveness of consequences and the relationship between communicator and recipient
There is ample evidence suggesting (e.g., A. Tesser & S. Rosen, 1975) that people are reluctant to transmit bad news. Research on rumors, on the other hand, suggests that people sometimes are less reluctant to transmit bad news. It is argued that differences between the 2 lines of research include the definitiveness of the consequences of the news and the relationship between communicator and recipient. The influence of these 2 factors on news tr…
Explaining Proenvironmental Intention and Behavior by Personal Norms and the Theory of Planned Behavior 1
The value of personal norms (Schwartz, 1977) for proenvironmental behavior has been demonstrated in previous studies (e.g., Vining & Ebreo, 1992), but not in addition to the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen & Madden, 1986). In the present study, this combination was investigated by means of a mail survey among a sample of 305 Dutch citizens who were enlisted to participate in a behavioral change intervention program on environmentally relevant b…
Sometimes unfair procedures have nice aspects: On the psychology of the fair process effect
This article focuses on the psychology of the fair process effect (the frequently replicated finding that perceived procedural fairness positively affects people's reactions). It is argued that when people receive an unfavorable outcome, they may start looking for causes that explain why they received this outcome. Furthermore, the authors propose that unfair procedures provide an opportunity to attribute one's unfavorable outcome to external cau…
When do we need procedural fairness? The role of trust in authority
On the basis of fairness heuristic theory, the authors argue that when information about whether an authority can be trusted is not available, people will resolve the question of how they should interpret the decisions of the authority by relying on perceived procedural fairness. As a consequence, people who do not have information about authority's trustworthiness react more positively toward the outcomes of authority's decisions if the authorit…
Evaluating outcomes by means of the fair process effect: Evidence for different processes in fairness and satisfaction judgments
The authors refine and extend their explanation of the psychology of the fair process effect (the positive influence of procedural fairness on outcome evaluations). On the basis of fairness heuristic theory's substitutability proposition, the authors predicted and found that outcome evaluations show strong effects of procedural fairness when outcomes are better or worse than expected, whereas less strong fair process effects appear when outcomes …
Procedural and distributive justice: What is fair depends more on what comes first than on what comes next
In this article, 2 experiments are presented. In both experiments, the independent variables were whether the procedure was accurate or inaccurate, whether the outcome was favorable or unfavorable, and whether participants were informed about the procedure before or after they were informed about the outcome. The independent variables were manipulated by means of scenarios in Experiment 1 and by means of the R. Vermunt, A.P. Wit, K. van den Bos, …
How do I judge my outcome when I do not know the outcome of others? The psychology of the fair process effect
The consistency rule and the voice effect: The influence of expectations on procedural fairness judgements and performance
In procedural justice research it has frequently been found that allowing people an opportunity to voice their opinion enhances their judgements of the fairness of a decision-making procedure. The present study investigated how this voice effect is affected by the consistency over time rule, which dictates that, once people expect a certain procedure, deviation from the expected procedure will lead to a reduction in procedural fairness. Two exper…
Procedural decisions in intergroup conflict situations: The influence of hierarchical group membership
An adviser in resource management situations: Configural weighing of recommendations
Expectation States Theory and the Motivational Determinants of Social Influence
In this chapter we give an overview of our research program in which we investigate how status affects the influence behavior of people in co-operative task groups. Based on expectation states theory (Berger, Wagner, & Zelditch, 1985) we investigated in which situations self-oriented or group-oriented motivations underlie influence differentials. The results of four laboratory experiments suggest that participants were only group-oriented when th…
Upward power tendencies in a hierarchy: Power Distance Theory versus bureaucratic rule
Two contrasting notions concerning upward power tendencies within hierarchically structured groups are investigated. Power Distance Theory assumes that people have a desire for power that results in a tendency to reduce the power distance towards a more powerful other, and this tendency is assumed to be stronger the smaller the power distance. The bureaucratic rule implies that a vacant position may only be taken over by someone from the level im…
The effect of social categorization on cooperation in three types of social dilemmas
How do I judge my outcome when I do not know the outcome of others? The psychology of the fair process effect
Undermining trust and cooperation: The paradox of sanctioning systems in social dilemmas
When do we need procedural fairness? The role of trust in authority
On the basis of fairness heuristic theory, the authors argue that when information about whether an authority can be trusted is not available, people will resolve the question of how they should interpret the decisions of the authority by relying on perceived procedural fairness. As a consequence, people who do not have information about authority's trustworthiness react more positively toward the outcomes of authority's decisions if the authorit…
Evaluating outcomes by means of the fair process effect: Evidence for different processes in fairness and satisfaction judgments
The authors refine and extend their explanation of the psychology of the fair process effect (the positive influence of procedural fairness on outcome evaluations). On the basis of fairness heuristic theory's substitutability proposition, the authors predicted and found that outcome evaluations show strong effects of procedural fairness when outcomes are better or worse than expected, whereas less strong fair process effects appear when outcomes …
Value Orientation and Conformity: A Study Using Three Types of Social Dilemma Games
Three different types of N-person social dilemma games were employed: the Prisoner's Dilemma (NPD), the Chicken Dilemma (NCD), and the Trust Dilemma (NTD). Subjects, who were classified a priori as either a cooperator (n = 58) or a defector (n = 68), participated in one of the social dilemma games before they received bogus feedback: they were told that the majority had chosen the defecting alternative D, or that the majority had chosen the coope…
Scarcity or abundance caused by people or the environment as determinants of behavior in the resource dilemma
Less power or powerless? Egocentric empathy gaps and the irony of having little versus no power in social decision making
The authors investigate the effect of power differences and associated expectations in social decision making. Using a modified ultimatum game, the authors show that allocators lower their offers to recipients when the power difference shifts in favor of the allocator. Remarkably, however, when recipients are completely powerless, offers increase. This effect is mediated by a change in framing of the situation: When the opponent is without power,…
Group Belongingness and Procedural Justice: Social Inclusion and Exclusion by Peers Affects the Psychology of Voice
The authors focus on the relation between group membership and procedural justice. They argue that whether people are socially included or excluded by their peers influences their reactions to unrelated experiences of procedural justice. Findings from 2 experiments corroborate the prediction that reactions to voice as opposed to no-voice procedures are affected more strongly when people are included in a group than when they are excluded from a g…
Do-no-harm in coalition formation: Why losses inhibit exclusion and promote fairness cognitions
The effect of social categorization on cooperation in three types of social dilemmas
Procedural justice and intragroup status: Knowing where we stand in a group enhances reactions to procedures
How do people react to negative procedures? On the moderating role of authority’s biased attitudes
Cognitions and behaviour in a hierarchy: Mulder's power theory revisited
In this study, Mulder's power theory consisting of the power distance reduction tendency (PDR) of less powerful group members towards more powerful others, and the power distance enlargement tendency (PDE) of more powerful group members towards less powerful others, is investigated. In particular, two different interpretations of the relationships Mulder hypothesized between power distance and power tendencies are examined. In Experiment 1 no sup…
Upward power tendencies in a hierarchy: Power Distance Theory versus bureaucratic rule
Two contrasting notions concerning upward power tendencies within hierarchically structured groups are investigated. Power Distance Theory assumes that people have a desire for power that results in a tendency to reduce the power distance towards a more powerful other, and this tendency is assumed to be stronger the smaller the power distance. The bureaucratic rule implies that a vacant position may only be taken over by someone from the level im…
The effect of feedback on support for a sanctioning system in a social dilemma: The difference between installing and maintaining the sanction
Bad news transmission as a function of the definitiveness of consequences and the relationship between communicator and recipient
There is ample evidence suggesting (e.g., A. Tesser & S. Rosen, 1975) that people are reluctant to transmit bad news. Research on rumors, on the other hand, suggests that people sometimes are less reluctant to transmit bad news. It is argued that differences between the 2 lines of research include the definitiveness of the consequences of the news and the relationship between communicator and recipient. The influence of these 2 factors on news tr…
Processing Sequential Status Information
We investigated effects of the provision of sequential status information on influence acceptance. For this purpose we introduced a modification of the experimental paradigm used in expectation states theory (EST) research. Influence acceptance was measured in three rounds. Round 1, in which no status information was conveyed, provided a base rate of influence acceptance. During Round 2 subjects were ascribed higher or lower status than a fictiti…
About the saliency of fear and greed in social dilemmas
Simmons, Dawes and Orbell (1984) suggested that greed provides a more important motive for non‐cooperation in a social dilemma than fear. However, there are at least three reasons to reinvestigate the relative impact of fear and greed on cooperation in social dilemmas. First, the Simmons et al. results were not replicated in a recent study (Van Avermaet and Van Nieuwkerke, in press). Second in the two forementioned studies a step‐level public goo…
Reciprocity: Choice shift in a social trap
In the present study it was investigated if choice behaviour in a social trap situation was affected by feedback about the choice of others. On top of the social trap reward structure investigated by Schroeder, Jensen, Reed, Sullivan and Schwab (1983) a bonus was added. In the individual bonus condition subjects were promised an unspecified bonus if they would obtain more points than any other group member of one's group. In the group bonus condi…
Procedural justice in authority relations: The strength of outcome dependence influences people's reactions to voice
In this article, we study how the strength of outcome dependence, defined as the extent to which people's outcomes depend on authority's decisions, influences their reactions to voice or no‐voice procedures. We suggest that in situations where people are strongly outcome dependent they assume that the authority may not consider their views, and therefore voice procedures exert less influence on people's procedure judgments than in situations wher…
Procedural and distributive justice: What is fair depends more on what comes first than on what comes next
In this article, 2 experiments are presented. In both experiments, the independent variables were whether the procedure was accurate or inaccurate, whether the outcome was favorable or unfavorable, and whether participants were informed about the procedure before or after they were informed about the outcome. The independent variables were manipulated by means of scenarios in Experiment 1 and by means of the R. Vermunt, A.P. Wit, K. van den Bos, …
Procedural decisions in intergroup conflict situations: The influence of hierarchical group membership
Procedural justice and status: Status salience as antecedent of procedural fairness effects
The current article explores status as an antecedent of procedural fairness effects (the findings that perceived procedural fairness affects people's reactions, e.g., their relational judgments). On the basis of the literature, the authors proposed that salience of the general concept of status leads people to be more attentive to procedural fairness information and that, as a consequence, stronger procedural fairness effects should be found. In …
An adviser in resource management situations: Configural weighing of recommendations
Value Orientation and Conformity: A Study Using Three Types of Social Dilemma Games
Three different types of N-person social dilemma games were employed: the Prisoner's Dilemma (NPD), the Chicken Dilemma (NCD), and the Trust Dilemma (NTD). Subjects, who were classified a priori as either a cooperator (n = 58) or a defector (n = 68), participated in one of the social dilemma games before they received bogus feedback: they were told that the majority had chosen the defecting alternative D, or that the majority had chosen the coope…
Scarcity or abundance caused by people or the environment as determinants of behavior in the resource dilemma
About the saliency of fear and greed in social dilemmas
Simmons, Dawes and Orbell (1984) suggested that greed provides a more important motive for non‐cooperation in a social dilemma than fear. However, there are at least three reasons to reinvestigate the relative impact of fear and greed on cooperation in social dilemmas. First, the Simmons et al. results were not replicated in a recent study (Van Avermaet and Van Nieuwkerke, in press). Second in the two forementioned studies a step‐level public goo…
Reciprocity: Choice shift in a social trap
In the present study it was investigated if choice behaviour in a social trap situation was affected by feedback about the choice of others. On top of the social trap reward structure investigated by Schroeder, Jensen, Reed, Sullivan and Schwab (1983) a bonus was added. In the individual bonus condition subjects were promised an unspecified bonus if they would obtain more points than any other group member of one's group. In the group bonus condi…
Processing Sequential Status Information
We investigated effects of the provision of sequential status information on influence acceptance. For this purpose we introduced a modification of the experimental paradigm used in expectation states theory (EST) research. Influence acceptance was measured in three rounds. Round 1, in which no status information was conveyed, provided a base rate of influence acceptance. During Round 2 subjects were ascribed higher or lower status than a fictiti…
Greed, Efficiency and Fairness in Resource Management Situations
Whereas rational choice theory predicts that harvesting in resource management situations is completely determined by greed, being the dominant choice, the GEF hypothesis predicts that although individuals are greedy (G), their greed is constrained by two other motives: the desire to use the resource efficiently (E) and the desire to realize fairness (F), referring to equal outcomes for all participants. The GEF hypothesis was corroborated by res…
The effect of social categorization on cooperation in three types of social dilemmas
Cognitions and behaviour in a hierarchy: Mulder's power theory revisited
In this study, Mulder's power theory consisting of the power distance reduction tendency (PDR) of less powerful group members towards more powerful others, and the power distance enlargement tendency (PDE) of more powerful group members towards less powerful others, is investigated. In particular, two different interpretations of the relationships Mulder hypothesized between power distance and power tendencies are examined. In Experiment 1 no sup…
Upward power tendencies in a hierarchy: Power Distance Theory versus bureaucratic rule
Two contrasting notions concerning upward power tendencies within hierarchically structured groups are investigated. Power Distance Theory assumes that people have a desire for power that results in a tendency to reduce the power distance towards a more powerful other, and this tendency is assumed to be stronger the smaller the power distance. The bureaucratic rule implies that a vacant position may only be taken over by someone from the level im…
Expectation States Theory and the Motivational Determinants of Social Influence
In this chapter we give an overview of our research program in which we investigate how status affects the influence behavior of people in co-operative task groups. Based on expectation states theory (Berger, Wagner, & Zelditch, 1985) we investigated in which situations self-oriented or group-oriented motivations underlie influence differentials. The results of four laboratory experiments suggest that participants were only group-oriented when th…
An adviser in resource management situations: Configural weighing of recommendations
The consistency rule and the voice effect: The influence of expectations on procedural fairness judgements and performance
In procedural justice research it has frequently been found that allowing people an opportunity to voice their opinion enhances their judgements of the fairness of a decision-making procedure. The present study investigated how this voice effect is affected by the consistency over time rule, which dictates that, once people expect a certain procedure, deviation from the expected procedure will lead to a reduction in procedural fairness. Two exper…
Procedural decisions in intergroup conflict situations: The influence of hierarchical group membership
Procedural and distributive justice: What is fair depends more on what comes first than on what comes next
In this article, 2 experiments are presented. In both experiments, the independent variables were whether the procedure was accurate or inaccurate, whether the outcome was favorable or unfavorable, and whether participants were informed about the procedure before or after they were informed about the outcome. The independent variables were manipulated by means of scenarios in Experiment 1 and by means of the R. Vermunt, A.P. Wit, K. van den Bos, …
How do I judge my outcome when I do not know the outcome of others? The psychology of the fair process effect
When do we need procedural fairness? The role of trust in authority
On the basis of fairness heuristic theory, the authors argue that when information about whether an authority can be trusted is not available, people will resolve the question of how they should interpret the decisions of the authority by relying on perceived procedural fairness. As a consequence, people who do not have information about authority's trustworthiness react more positively toward the outcomes of authority's decisions if the authorit…
Evaluating outcomes by means of the fair process effect: Evidence for different processes in fairness and satisfaction judgments
The authors refine and extend their explanation of the psychology of the fair process effect (the positive influence of procedural fairness on outcome evaluations). On the basis of fairness heuristic theory's substitutability proposition, the authors predicted and found that outcome evaluations show strong effects of procedural fairness when outcomes are better or worse than expected, whereas less strong fair process effects appear when outcomes …
Explaining Proenvironmental Intention and Behavior by Personal Norms and the Theory of Planned Behavior 1
The value of personal norms (Schwartz, 1977) for proenvironmental behavior has been demonstrated in previous studies (e.g., Vining & Ebreo, 1992), but not in addition to the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen & Madden, 1986). In the present study, this combination was investigated by means of a mail survey among a sample of 305 Dutch citizens who were enlisted to participate in a behavioral change intervention program on environmentally relevant b…
Sometimes unfair procedures have nice aspects: On the psychology of the fair process effect
This article focuses on the psychology of the fair process effect (the frequently replicated finding that perceived procedural fairness positively affects people's reactions). It is argued that when people receive an unfavorable outcome, they may start looking for causes that explain why they received this outcome. Furthermore, the authors propose that unfair procedures provide an opportunity to attribute one's unfavorable outcome to external cau…
Will we be working together again? The impact of future interdependence on group members' task motivation
The extent to which group members contribute effort efficiently, i.e. to the extent that their efforts add to the group product, or equally to their fellow worker is investigated as a function of group members' expectations about future interdependence. An experimental set‐up was employed in which (1) participants were able to determine what would be an efficient and what would be an equal amount of effort to exert, and (2) in which efficiency an…
Bad news transmission as a function of the definitiveness of consequences and the relationship between communicator and recipient
There is ample evidence suggesting (e.g., A. Tesser & S. Rosen, 1975) that people are reluctant to transmit bad news. Research on rumors, on the other hand, suggests that people sometimes are less reluctant to transmit bad news. It is argued that differences between the 2 lines of research include the definitiveness of the consequences of the news and the relationship between communicator and recipient. The influence of these 2 factors on news tr…
Procedural justice and status: Status salience as antecedent of procedural fairness effects
The current article explores status as an antecedent of procedural fairness effects (the findings that perceived procedural fairness affects people's reactions, e.g., their relational judgments). On the basis of the literature, the authors proposed that salience of the general concept of status leads people to be more attentive to procedural fairness information and that, as a consequence, stronger procedural fairness effects should be found. In …
The role of standing in the psychology of procedural justice: Towards theoretical integration
In the current chapter, the authors explore the relation between social standing and procedural justice. Standing is an important construct in procedural justice theories and tends to be broadly defined as the position that people have in social groups. It is argued that the standing construct suffers from conceptual ambiguity: In procedural justice literature two distinct interpretations of standing can be distinguished, one defining standing as…
Group Belongingness and Procedural Justice: Social Inclusion and Exclusion by Peers Affects the Psychology of Voice
The authors focus on the relation between group membership and procedural justice. They argue that whether people are socially included or excluded by their peers influences their reactions to unrelated experiences of procedural justice. Findings from 2 experiments corroborate the prediction that reactions to voice as opposed to no-voice procedures are affected more strongly when people are included in a group than when they are excluded from a g…
The effect of feedback on support for a sanctioning system in a social dilemma: The difference between installing and maintaining the sanction
Psychology (32 works) · Social Psychology (31 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (24 works) · Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies (17 works) · Social Psychology (16 works) · Economics (11 works) · Economic Justice (9 works) · Microeconomics (8 works) · Perception (8 works) · Political science (8 works)