Place of Work and Place of Residence
Informal Hiring Networks and Labor Market Outcomes
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 10174195 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Patrick Bayer (0000-0003-4884-5873), Stephen L Ro (0000-0003-3212-0982), Stephen L Ross, Giorgio Topa (0000-0002-9181-8603, Federal Reserve Bank of New York) |
| Year | 2008 |
| Volume | 116 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 1150-1196 |
| Publication date | 2008-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Political Economy (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3808 • E-ISSN: 1537-534X |
| Publisher | University of Chicago Press (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1086/595975 |
| OpenAlex | W2158610523 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 152 |
| References cited | 57 |
We use a novel dataset and research design to empirically detect the effect of social interactions among neighbors on labor market outcomes. Specifically, using Census data that characterize residential and employment locations down to the city block, we examine whether individuals residing in the same block are more likely to work together than those in nearby blocks. We find evidence of significant social interactions operating at the block level: residing on the same versus nearby blocks increases the probability of working together by over 33 percent. The results also indicate that this referral effect is stronger when individuals are similar in sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., both have children of similar ages) and when at least one individual is well attached to the labor market. These findings are robust across various specifications intended to address concerns related to sorting and reverse causation. Further, having determined the characteristics of a pair of individuals that lead to an especially strong referral effect, we provide evidence that the increased availability of neighborhood referrals has a significant impact on a wide range of labor market outcomes including employment and wages
Business · Causation · Census · Demographic economics · Economics · Labour economics · Political science · Population · Referral · Residence · Sociology · Sorting · Work (physics · Computer Science · Demography · Engineering · Housing Market and Economics · Medicine · Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies · Work-Family Balance Challenges
Same neighbourhood, same employer? Residential proximity and workplace concentration among immigrants
How Close Is Close? The Spatial Reach of Agglomeration Economies
How Does Geography Matter in the Ethnic Labor Market Segmentation Process? A Case Study of Chinese Immigrants in the San Francisco CMSA
Racial Residential Segregation in American Cities
Social Interactions within Cities
Intergenerational Mobility
Networks in Economics
Social networks, role models, peer effects, and aspirations
Occupational Hazards
The Effects of Social Networks on Employment and Inequality
Estimates of the Impact of Crime Risk on Property Values from Megan's Laws
Ethnic networks can foster the economic integration of refugees
State Capacity and Economic Development
Peer Effects in Program Participation
The Economic Consequences of Social-Network Structure
When Strong Ties are Strong
Referral-based Job Search Networks
Do Initial Neighborhood Characteristics Impact Future Residential Integration of Refugees? Quasi-experimental Evidence from a Swedish Placement Policy
Segregation, fertility, and son preference
Evaluating Contradictory Experimental and Nonexperimental Estimates of Neighborhood Effects on Economic Outcomes for Adults
The Effect of School and Neighborhood Peers on Achievement, Misbehavior, and Adult Crime
How Widespread Are Social Network Effects? Evidence from the Early Twentieth-Century United States
College Networks
Household Mobility, Networks, and Gentrification of Minority Neighborhoods in the United States
Spatial Diffusion of Local Economic Shocks in Social Networks
The effect of peer employment and neighborhood characteristics on individual employment
Peer Migration in China
Race and nativity earnings gaps
New schools and new classmates
Estimation of discrete choice network models with missing outcome data
Residential sorting, local environments, and human capital
Social capital determinants and labor market networks
Localized labor flow networks in knowledge‐intensive industries
Housing Prices and Segregation
Getting the first job
A competing survival analysis for housing relocation behaviour and risk aversion in a resilient housing market
Social Influence and Consumption
Racial Discrimination in the Labor Market
Social Networks and the Dynamics of Labour Market Outcomes
Biased perceptions of income distribution and preferences for redistribution
Public Housing, Housing Vouchers, and Student Achievement
Neighbourhood Effects Research
Job Information Networks, Neighborhood Effects, and Inequality
Measuring Social Interaction Effects When Instruments Are Weak
Multinomial Choice with Social Interactions
Immigrant Networks and Their Implications for Occupational Choice and Wages
Gentrification and Failing Schools
Evidence of Neighborhood Effects from Moving to Opportunity
Deleting a Signal
Neighborhood Effects in Education
La rigidité comme paradigme socio-politique
Diversity and Employment Prospects
Social Interaction and Technology Adoption
The long run impact of childhood interracial contact on residential segregation
Entering the mainstream economy? Workplace segregation and immigrant assimilation
Insidious Procedures
Spatial mismatch or racial mismatch
Commuting and innovation
Agglomeration within an urban area
Urban form and driving
Blowing it up and knocking it down
Why Do Firms Hire Using Referrals? Evidence from Bangladeshi Garment Factories
Linear Social Interactions Models
Networks in the Premodern Economy
Competition, Wages and Teacher Sorting
Help from the past—coworker ties and entry wages after self-employment
Ethnic enclaves and segregation—self-employment and employment patterns among forced migrants
Spatial Foundations of Inequality
Overlap Between Industrial Niching and Workplace Segregation
Egohoods that segregate. Immigrants, social contexts, and income penalties
Tell me who's your neighbour and I'll tell you how much time you've got
The Significance of Segregation in the 21st Century
Familism and electoral outcomes
Adolescent neighborhood context and young adult economic outcomes for low-income African Americans and Latinos
From Neighborhoods to Nations
Workforce patterns and income disparities in a growing US city
Can urban renewal policies reverse neighborhood ethnic dynamics
How to enter high-opportunity places? The role of social contacts for residential mobility
Labour market impacts of the equalisation of basic public health and medical services on internal migrants in China
Adrift at the Margins of Urban Society
The spatial structure of the labour market across public jobcentres. Does their accessibility matter
Place and immigrant labour market integration
The long-term effect of wartime social networks
Neighborhoods and mental health—evidence from a natural experiment in the public social housing sector
For Refugees, the Road to Employment in the United States Is Paved With Workable Uncertainties and Controversies
Schools, circumstances and inequality of opportunities in Chile
The Economics of Social Interactions
Making a place for space
Neighborhood Social Mix and Adults' Income Trajectories
Social capital and social integration after project-induced displacement and resettlement
The Impact of Social Networks on Labour Market Outcomes
Low-Income Housing Development, Poverty Concentration, and Neighborhood Inequality
Are Males' Incomes Influenced by the Income Mix of Their Male Neighbors? Explorations into Nonlinear and Threshold Effects in Stockholm
Racial Separation at Home and Work
Household mortgage refinancing decisions are neighbor influenced, especially along racial lines
Urban spatial structure, employment and social ties
Does quality matter in local consumption amenities? An empirical investigation with Yelp
Neighborhood quality and labor market outcomes
Social housing, neighborhood quality and student performance
Peer effects in employment status
To dwell among friends
Empirical labor economics
Getting a Job
Peer Effects with Random Assignment
Racial segregation and the black–white test score gap
Do Neighborhoods Affect Hours Worked? Evidence from Longitudinal Data
Learning about a New Technology
The Effects of Social Networks on Employment and Inequality
Search Method Use by Unemployed Youth
Peer and social networks in job search
Crime and Social Interactions
Peer Effects in the Classroom
Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations
Identification of Endogenous Social Effects
Moving to Opportunity in Boston
Social Interactions, Local Spillovers and Unemployment
The Social Multiplier
Using Sibling Data to Estimate the Impact of Neighborhoods on Children's Educational Outcomes
Network Effects and Welfare Cultures
The Long-Run Consequences of Living in a Poor Neighborhood
Are Ghettos Good or Bad
Urban Poverty and Juvenile Crime
Public Housing, Housing Vouchers, and Student Achievement
Job Information Networks, Neighborhood Effects, and Inequality
The Social Organization of Local Areas
IQ, Academic Performance, Environment, and Earnings
Peer Effects in Academic Outcomes
The Impact of Informal Networks on Quit Behavior
A better way to bootstrap pairs
Are personal communities local? A Dumptarian reconsideration
Homogeneity in confiding relations
Density, social networks and job search methods
Labor Market Experiences of Low-Income Black Women in Middle-Class Suburbs
Neighborhood income distributions
Black Residential Centralization and the Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis
Interactions, neighborhood selection and housing demand
Racial Differences in Residential and Job Mobility
Measuring Peer Group Effects
Job Search Outcomes for the Employed and Unemployed
Selection on Observed and Unobserved Variables
Growth in Cities
Empirical Labor Economics
Social Networks and Technology Adoption in Northern Mozambique
Core Discussion Networks of Americans
An Empirical Analysis of Employed and Unemployed Job Search Behavior
Pathways into Work
Social Networks and Urban Neighborhoods in New York City
Social Isolation and Labor Market Insulation
The Epidemic Theory of Ghettos and Neighborhood Effects on Dropping Out and Teenage Childbearing
| Unique citing works | 152 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 6,91 |
| Citation span | 2004 - 2026 (23) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 149 |