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Superstitious, magical, and paranormal beliefs

An integrative model

Bibliographic Data

ID11623986
AuthorsMichael Lindeman (0000-0003-4176-3736, University of Helsinki), Marjaana Lindeman, Kia Aarnio (University of Helsinki)
Year2006
Volume41
Issue4
Pages731-744
Publication date2006-08-07
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Research in Personality (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0092-6566 • E-ISSN: 1095-7251
PublisherElsevier BV (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1016/j.jrp.2006.06.009
OpenAlexW2066115135
LanguageEN
Citations received68
References cited55

CLARITY · Confusion · Paranormal · Parapsychology · Skepticism · Advanced Text Analysis Techniques · Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs · Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

  • Rethinking Superstition in Psychology

    Open Access•Amri Hana Muhammad•Culture & Psychology•2026

  • Between Tradition and Rationality

    Open Access•Sylvester Kyei-Gyamfi•Sociology Lens•2026

  • Mental Health and the Paranormal

    Open Access•Dein, Simon Dein•International Journal of…•2012

  • The Relationship between Paranormal Belief and the hexaco Domains of Personality

    Emyr Williams, Ben L H Roberts•Journal of Empirical Theology•2016

  • Thinking styles and decision making

    Wendy J Phillips, Jennifer Fletcher et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2016

  • Analytic cognitive style predicts religious and paranormal belief

    Open Access•Gordon Pennycook, David Rand et al.•Cognition•2012

  • On the reception and detection of pseudo-profound bullshit

    Open Access•Gordon Pennycook, James Allan Cheyne et al.•Judgment and Decision Making•2015

  • The Psychology of Fake News

    Open Access•Gordon Pennycook, David G Rand et al.•Trends in Cognitive Sciences•2021

  • “I see dead people”

    Femke Geusens•Psychology of Popular Media•2024

  • Política y ocultismo en Latinoamérica y el Perú

    Open Access•Héctor Cáceres Bejarano•Perspectivas Revista de Ciencias…•2022

  • Holy Bali scriptures in usada Bali traditional medicine

    Open Access•I Made Suweta•International Journal of…•2021

  • De brujas, talismanes y otras «hechicerías». Las aves y lo sobrenatural en las comunidades campesinas del río Sinú

    Open Access•Jaime Andrés Peralta Agudelo•Tabula rasa•2025

  • The role of cognitive biases in shaping irrational beliefs

    Predrag Teovanović, Danka Purić et al.•Thinking & Reasoning•2025

  • Both a bioweapon and a hoax

    Marija B Petrović, Iris Žeželj•Thinking & Reasoning•2023

  • An examination of the underlying dimensional structure of three domains of contaminated mindware

    Jala Rizeq, David B Flora et al.•Thinking & Reasoning•2021

  • Individual differences in epistemically suspect beliefs

    Jakub Šrol•Thinking & Reasoning•2022

  • Black and White Magic

    Open Access•Silvia Boschetti, Robin Kopecký et al.•International Journal for the…•2026

  • Revising the core knowledge confusions scale

    Open Access•Brenton M Williams, Matthew Browne et al.•Current Psychology•2024

  • Expanding the bullshit research out of pseudo-transcendental domain

    Open Access•Vladimíra Čavojová, Ivan Brezina et al.•Current Psychology•2022

  • The Power of Tentative Truth

    Open Access•Mo Basir•Science & Education•2025

  • Introduction

    Andreas Serafim•Illinois Classical Studies•2025

  • Examining the relationship between metacognitive trust in thinking styles and supernatural beliefs

    Open Access•Valerie van Mulukom, Adam Baimel et al.•Scandinavian Journal of Psychology•2024

  • Beneath the Surface of Unfounded Belief Systems

    Open Access•Albina Gallyamova, Elizaveta Komyaginskaya et al.•Scandinavian Journal of Psychology•2026

  • The politics of the paranormal

    Open Access•Alexander Jedinger, Pascal Siegers•The Journal of Social Psychology•2026

  • Antiscience Will Tear Us Apart

    Open Access•Angel Sánchez-Zavala, Diego Avendaño et al.•Environment and Behavior•2025

  • On the role of analytic thinking in religious belief change

    Open Access•Michael N Stagnaro, Gordon Pennycook•Cognition•2025

  • The self-attribution bias and paranormal beliefs

    Open Access•Michiel Van Elk•Consciousness and Cognition•2017

  • The Indian superstition scale

    Sieun An, Navya Kapoor et al.•Journal of Beliefs and Values•2019

  • Skepticism

    Open Access•Michael Lindeman, Marjaana Lindeman et al.•Consciousness and Cognition•2016

  • Psychics, aliens, or experience? Using the Anomalistic Belief Scale to examine the relationship between type of belief and probabilistic reasoning

    Open Access•Toby Prike, Michelle M Arnold et al.•Consciousness and Cognition•2017

  • Superstitions, Religious Identity, and Covid-19 Conspiracy Beliefs in Secularized Czechia

    Alicja Zawistowska, Robin Kopecký et al.•Journal of Religion in Europe•2025

  • Vitalism, purpose and superstition

    Open Access•Michael Lindeman, Marjaana Lindeman et al.•British Journal of Psychology•2007

  • Examining the Relationship Between Conspiracy Theories, Paranormal Beliefs, and Pseudoscience Acceptance Among a University Population

    Open Access•Emilio J C Lobato, Emilio Lobato et al.•Applied Cognitive Psychology•2014

  • How Do Religious People Become Atheists? Applying a Grounded Theory Approach to Propose a Model of Deconversion

    Open Access•Sergio Pérez, Frédérique Vallières•Secularism and Nonreligion•2019

  • Belief in Luck and Precognition Around the World

    Open Access•E A Harris, Taciano L Milfont et al.•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•2022

  • Estructura y tipologías de la práctica de lo paranormal

    Open Access•Antonio Velasco Castro, Antonio Velasco•Desacatos•2020

  • Finding Folk Religion

    Open Access•Sonja Hukantaival•Folklore Electronic Journal of…•2013

  • The enrichment of magical thinking through practices among Reiki self-healers

    Open Access•Outi Pohjanheimo•Scripta Instituti Donneriani…•2012

  • Meant to be”

    Bethany T Heywood, Jesse M Bering•Religion Brain & Behavior•2014

  • Religion, paranormal beliefs, and meaning in life

    Taylor A FioRito, Andrew A Abeyta et al.•Religion Brain & Behavior•2021

  • Priming of supernatural agent concepts and agency detection

    Michiel Van Elk, Bastiaan T Rutjens et al.•Religion Brain & Behavior•2016

  • Fear the unseen

    Adam E Tratner, T K Shackelford et al.•Religion Brain & Behavior•2020

  • The path to God is through the heart

    Adam K Fetterman, Jacob Juhl et al.•Self and Identity•2019

  • Who Has Anomalous Experiences Today? Evidence for the Highly Sensitive Person Paradox

    Open Access•Álex Escolà‐Gascón, Christopher C French et al.•Psychological Reports•2025

  • Acceptance and Adherence to Covid-19 Preventive Measures are Shaped Predominantly by Conspiracy Beliefs, Mistrust in Science and Fear – A Comparison of More than 20 Psychological Variables

    Open Access•Matthias Hartmann, Petra Müller•Psychological Reports•2022

  • Rethinking with Demons

    Andrew Keitt•Preternature Critical and…•2017

  • I Feel Like I’m Going to Win”

    Open Access•Marina D’agati•Qualitative Sociology Review•2014

  • Is irrational thinking associated with lower earnings and happiness

    Open Access•Shoko Yamane, Hiroyasu Yoneda et al.•Mind & Society•2019

  • Modeling Cultural Transmission of Rituals in Silico

    Vojtěch Kaše, Tomáš Hampejs et al.•Journal of Cognition and Culture•2018

  • Is Weaker Inhibition Associated with Supernatural Beliefs

    Michael Lindeman, Tapani Riekki et al.•Journal of Cognition and Culture•2011

  • Native Ontological Framework Guides Causal Reasoning

    Matías Fernández Ruiz, Andrea Taverna•Journal of Cognition and Culture•2023

  • Supernatural Belief in ‘Scientific’ Worldviews

    Roosa Haimila, Hanne Metsähinen et al.•Journal of Cognition and Culture•2024

  • Reaching for a new sense of connection

    Open Access•David Herbert, Josh Bullock•Culture and Religion•2020

  • Meta‐analytic Investigations of the Relation Between Intuition and Analysis

    Open Access•Yi Wang, Scott Highhouse et al.•Journal of Behavioral Decision…•2015

  • Una propuesta de evaluación de la receptividad al bullshit que contemple la incidencia del contexto pragmático sobre la cognición

    Open Access•María Natalia Zavadivker•Ideas y Valores•2020

  • The voodoo doll task

    Open Access•C Nathan Dewall, E J Finkel et al.•Aggressive Behavior•2013

  • Examining the roles of intuition and gender in magical beliefs

    Open Access•Sarah Ward, Sarah J Ward et al.•Journal of Research in Personality•2020

  • Connecting the dots

    Open Access•Jan-Willem Van Prooijen, Karen M Douglas et al.•European Journal of Social…•2018

  • Ignorance, misconceptions and critical thinking

    Open Access•Sara Dellantonio, Luigi Pastore•Synthese•2021

  • Validation of the Narrative Emplotment Scale and its correlations with well‐being and psychological adjustment

    Open Access•Eric D Hill, Eric Hill et al.•British Journal of Psychology•2009

  • Vitalistic thinking in adults

    Open Access•Stuart Wilson•British Journal of Psychology•2013

  • Beyond the foreign language effect

    Open Access•Silvia Purpuri, Nicola Vasta et al.•Bilingualism Language and Cognition•2025

  • How convenient! The epistemic rationale of self-validating belief systems

    Maarten Boudry, Johan Braeckman•Philosophical Psychology•2011

  • The role of magical thinking in forecasting the future

    Open Access•Olga Stavrova, Andrea Meckel•British Journal of Psychology•2017

  • The separate roles of the reflective mind and involuntary inhibitory control in gatekeeping paranormal beliefs and the underlying intuitive confusions

    Open Access•Annika M Svedholm, Annika M Svedholm‐Häkkinen et al.•British Journal of Psychology•2013

  • Conspiracy Theories in the Classroom

    Open Access•Asbjørn Dyrendal, Daniel Jolley•Religions•2020

  • The Belief in Magic in the Age of Science

    Open Access•Eugene Subbotsky•SAGE Open•2014

  • Understanding coping mechanisms in times of anxiety and uncertainty

    Open Access•T A Khan, Mudasir Rajab et al.•Culture & Psychology•2025

  • The birth and nurturance of concepts by domains

    Open Access•Frank C Keil•Mapping the Mind•1994

  • Paranormal beliefs, education, and thinking styles

    Open Access•Kia Aarnio, Michael Lindeman et al.•Personality and Individual…•2005

  • Assessing the impact of life changes

    Irwin G Sarason, James H Johnson et al.•Journal of Consulting and…•1978

  • Cognitive Development

    Henry M Wellman, A Gelman et al.•Annual Review of Psychology•1992

  • A perspective on disgust.

    Paul Rozin, April Fallon et al.•Psychological Review•1987

  • ToMM, ToBY, and Agency

    Open Access•Angela Maria Leslie, Alan M Leslie•Mapping the Mind•1994

  • Psychological essentialism in children

    Open Access•A Gelman, S GELMAN•Trends in Cognitive Sciences•2004

  • Individual differences in reasoning

    Open Access•Keith E Stanovich, Richard F West•Behavioral and Brain Sciences•2000

  • In two minds

    Open Access•Jonathan St B T Evans•Trends in Cognitive Sciences•2003

  • Core mechanisms in ‘theory of mind’

    Open Access•Angela Maria Leslie, Alan M Leslie et al.•Trends in Cognitive Sciences•2004

  • Magic Science And Religion

    Bronislaw Malinowski•Magic Science And Religion•2005

  • Food, sex, and pollution

    Anna S Meigs•Food, sex, and pollution•1984

  • A Revised Paranormal Belief Scale

    Open Access•Jerome Tobacyk, Jerome J Tobacyk•International Journal of…•2004

  • The golden bough

    James George Frazer, Robert Fraser•Golden Bough•2009

  • Domain-specific knowledge and conceptual change

    Open Access•Susan Carey, Elizabeth S Spelke et al.•Mapping the Mind•1994

  • Phenomenalistic Reality

    Open Access•Eugene Subbotsky•Developmental Review•2000

  • Core knowledge

    Elizabeth S Spelke•American Psychologist•2000

  • Cognitive Models of Science

    Open Access•David Bloor•Social Studies of Science•1993

  • Religion, Philosophy, and Psychical Research

    C J Ducasse, C D Broad•The Philosophical Review•1954

  • Religion, Philosophy and Psychical Research

    H J Paton, C D Broad•The Philosophical Quarterly•1954

  • Why are rocks pointy? Children's preference for teleological explanations of th natural world

    Deborah Kelemen•Developmental Psychology•1999

  • Development in the food domain

    Paul Rozin•Developmental Psychology•1990

  • The Folk Concept of Intentionality

    Open Access•Bertram F Malle, Joshua Knobe•Journal of Experimental Social…•1997

  • Towards a Theoretical Conceptualisation of Superstition

    Karl E Scheibe, Theodore R Sarbin•The British Journal for the…•1965

  • Mapping the Mind

    Open Access•A Gelman, Lawrence A Hirschfeld et al.•Mapping the Mind•1994

  • Likeness and Likelihood in Everyday Thought

    R A Shweder, Joseph B Casagrande et al.•Current Anthropology•1977

  • Magic, science, religion, and the scope of rationality

    Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah•Magic, science, religion, and the…•1990

  • Operation of the laws of sympathetic magic in disgust and other domains

    Paul Rozin, Linda Millman et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1986

  • The relation of rational and experiential information processing styles to personality, basic beliefs, and the ratio-bias phenomenon

    Rosemary Pacini, Seymour Epstein•Journal of Personality and Social…•1999

  • Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers

    Robert R Mccrae, Paul T Costa•Journal of Personality and Social…•1987

  • Belief in paranormal phenomena

    Jerome Tobacyk, Gary Milford•Journal of Personality and Social…•1983

  • Individual differences in intuitive-experiential and analytical-rational thinking styles

    Seymour Epstein, Rosemary Pacini et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1996

  • Children's Understanding of Biology and Health

    Open Access•Michael Siegal•Health Education•2000

  • Half-Belief and the Paradox of Ritual Instrumental Activism

    Camille Campbell, Colin Campbell•British Journal of Sociology•1996

  • The empirical case for two systems of reasoning

    Steven A Sloman•Psychological Bulletin•1996

  • Developmental origin of the animate-inanimate distinction

    David H Rakison, Diane Poulin‐duboi et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2001

  • Believe It Or Not

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Unique citing works68
Citations per year3,58
Citation span2007 - 2026 (20)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 63

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