Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Hiding in plain sight

Dehumanization as a foundation of white racial prejudice

Bibliographic Data

ID12912946
AuthorsA Jardina (0000-0002-0410-9535, Duke University), Spencer Piston (0000-0001-9933-8295, Boston University, corresponding author)
Year2021
Volume15
Issue9
Publication date2021-08-07
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueSociology Compass (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1751-9020 • E-ISSN: 1751-9020
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/soc4.12913
OpenAlexW3188453896
LanguageEN
Citations received13
References cited71

In the media, during sporting events, in online forums, and in interpersonal interactions, whites often portray Black people as animals, especially as apes or monkeys. In this essay we consider what contemporary research on prejudice in American politics has to say about these dehumanizing portrayals of Black people. We argue that contemporary political science work has not done enough to understand both the historical roots and the continuing practices of whites' dehumanization of Black people, to the detriment of an accurate understanding of racial attitudes in the United States. To rectify this omission, we draw on the work of historians to map out a brief overview of race‐making and the dehumanizing attitudes that shaped this process. Then, we review political science literature on contemporary white attitudes toward Black people, emphasizing connections between prevailing conceptions of these attitudes and long‐standing processes of dehumanization. We conclude by charting directions for future scholarship; we seek to unsettle the mainstream of a subfield dominated by mild conceptions of racial attitudes

Dehumanization · Mainstream · Political science · Politics · Prejudice (legal term · Race (biology · Racism · Scholarship · Sociology · White (mutation · Anthropology · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Gender Studies · Innovative Teaching Methodologies in Social Sciences · Law · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology

  • Why are some racial disparities harder to interpret than others

    Open Access•R Wilkes, A Karimi•Frontiers in Sociology•2026

  • Reducing Explicit Blatant Dehumanization by Correcting Exaggerated Meta-Perceptions

    Open Access•Alexander P Landry, Jonathan W Schooler et al.•Social Psychological and…•2023

  • Dehumanization

    Salvador Santino F Regilme, Salvador Santino Regilme•New Political Science•2026

  • The Suppression and Othering of Black Lives Matter Protests Through Tear Gas

    Open Access•Shala Cachelin•Journal of Black Studies•2023

  • Historicizing black hair politics

    Open Access•Sylviane Ngandu‐kalenga Greensword•Sociology Compass•2022

  • Scientific supremacy

    Open Access•H Hannah Nam, Katherine Sawyer•Politics and the Life Sciences•2023

  • Racially Conditioned Partisans

    Open Access•Jamie M Wright•Presidential Studies Quarterly•2022

  • Thicker-skinned but still human

    Open Access•Nathan N Cheek•Journal of Experimental Social…•2024

  • Same but different

    Open Access•Dolores Morera-Bello, Maryurena Lorenzo et al.•International Journal of…•2026

  • Anti-Black Political Violence and the Historical Legacy of the Great Replacement Conspiracy

    Open Access•Andrew Ifedapo Thompson, Maxwell Beveridge et al.•Perspectives on Politics•2025

  • Racial Tropes in the Foreign Policy Bureaucracy

    Open Access•Austin Carson, Esther Min et al.•International Organization•2024

  • The Politics of Racist Dehumanization in the United States

    Open Access•A Jardina, Spencer Piston•Annual Review of Political Science•2023

  • When Resources Become Stressors

    Open Access•Courtney Cuthbertson, J Lai•Culture Medicine and Psychiatry•2025

  • Why Americans Hate Welfare

    Martin Gilens•Why Americans hate welfare•1999

  • The Myth of Race

    Robert Wald Sussman•Myth of Race•2014

  • Dangerous Crossings

    Open Access•Claire Jean Kim•Dangerous Crossings•2015

  • Fatal Invention

    Dorothy Roberts, Dorothy E Roberts•Fatal Invention•2011

  • Darker Demons of Our Nature

    Open Access•Nour S Kteily, Emile G Bruneau•Current Directions in Psychological…•2017

  • Laissez-Faire Racism

    Lawrence D Bobo, Lawrence Bobo et al.•Racial Attitudes in the 1990s•1997

  • Racial Disparities in Pain Management of Children With Appendicitis in Emergency Departments

    Open Access•Monika K Goyal, Nathan Kuppermann et al.•JAMA Pediatrics•2015

  • Attitudes toward Racial Integration

    Andrew M Greeley, Paul B Sheatsley•Scientific American•1971

  • Dehumanization

    Open Access•Nick Haslam•Personality and Social Psychology…•2006

  • Stamped from the Beginning

    Ibram X Kendi•Stamped from the Beginning•2098

  • Racial attitudes in America

    Howard Schuman•Racial attitudes in America•1988

  • Tropics of Discourse

    Hayden V White, Hayden White•Tropics of discourse•1985

  • Race

    Thomas F Gossett•Race•1997

  • Symbolic Racism

    David O Sears•Eliminating Racism•1988

  • The Nature of Race

    Ann Morning•Nature of Race•2011

  • The Clansman

    Thomas Dixon, Thomas Wintz•Clansman : an Historical Romance…•2015

  • Black Pride and Black Prejudice

    Paul M Sniderman, Thomas Piazza•Black Pride and Black Prejudice•2002

  • Race in North America

    Audrey Smedley, Brian D Smedley et al.•Race in North America•2018

  • Man's Most Dangerous Myth

    Maurice L Farber, M F Ashley‐montagu et al.•Military Affairs•1942

  • Disciplining the Poor

    Joe So, Joe Soss et al.•Disciplining the Poor•2011

  • Modern Racism and Modern Discrimination

    Open Access•John B Mcconahay•Personality and Social Psychology…•1983

  • Arresting Citizenship

    Amy E Lerman, Vesla M Weaver•Arresting Citizenship•2014

  • Looking Deathworthy

    Open Access•Jennifer L Eberhardt, Paul G Davies et al.•Psychological Science•2006

  • The Scar of Race

    Paul M Sniderman, Thomas Piazza et al.•Scar of Race•1993

  • Old-Fashioned Racism, Contemporary Islamophobia, and the Isolation of Muslim Americans in the Age of Trump

    Open Access•N Lajevardi, Kassra A R Oskooii•The Journal of Race Ethnicity and…•2018

  • From Savage to Negro

    L D Baker•From Savage to Negro: Anthropology…•1998

  • Apes and anticitizens

    Ioana Panaitiu•Social Identities•2019

  • The 2017 James Madison Award Lecture

    Open Access•Deborah Stone•PS Political Science & Politics•2018

  • Race, Racism, and Support for Capital Punishment

    J D Unnever, Francis T Cullen et al.•Crime and Justice•2008

  • The unique effects of blatant dehumanization on attitudes and behavior towards Muslim refugees during the European ‘refugee crisis’ across four countries

    Open Access•Emile G Bruneau, Nour S Kteily et al.•European Journal of Social…•2018

  • From Sambo to Superspade

    John E Dimeglio, Daniel J Leab•Journal of American History•1976

  • Why race still matters

    Open Access•Ian Hacking•Daedalus•2005

  • Racial–ethnic Intolerance and Support for Capital Punishment

    Open Access•J D Unnever, Francis T Cullen•Criminology•2010

  • The Political Dynamics of Portfolio Design in European Democracies

    Open Access•Ulrich Sieberer, Thomas M Meyer et al.•British Journal of Political…•2021

  • Racial Sympathy and Its Political Consequences

    Jennifer Chudy•The Journal of Politics•2021

  • Why Do White Americans Support the Death Penalty

    Joe So, Joe Soss et al.•The Journal of Politics•2003

  • The Return of Old-Fashioned Racism to White Americans’ Partisan Preferences in the Early Obama Era

    M Tesler•The Journal of Politics•2013

  • The Changing Norms of Racial Political Rhetoric and the End of Racial Priming

    Nicholas A Valentino, Fabian G Neuner et al.•The Journal of Politics•2018

  • Political Psychology or Politicized Psychology

    Philip E Tetlock•Political Psychology•1994

  • The Racial Components of “Race‐Neutral” Crime Policy Attitudes

    Open Access•Mark Peffley, Jon Hurwitz•Political Psychology•2002

  • Race, Punishment, and Public Opinion

    Open Access•Vincent L Hutchings, Vincent Hutchings•Perspectives on Politics•2015

  • On Assessing the Political Effects of Racial Prejudice

    Leonie Huddy, Stanley Feldman•Annual Review of Political Science•2009

  • Prime Suspects

    Franklin D Gilliam, Sharad Iyengar et al.•American Journal of Political…•2000

  • Racial Resentment and White Opposition to Race‐Conscious Programs

    Open Access•Stanley Feldman, Leonie Huddy•American Journal of Political…•2005

  • Racial Attitudes Through a Partisan Lens

    Open Access•Andrew M Engelhardt•British Journal of Political…•2021

  • The Effects of Dehumanizing Attitudes about Black People on Whites’ Voting Decisions

    Open Access•A Jardina, Spencer Piston•British Journal of Political…•2022

  • On the fading of social stereotypes

    Marvin Karlins, Thomas L Coffman et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1969

  • The ascent of man

    Nour S Kteily, Emile G Bruneau et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2015

  • Seeing Black

    Jennifer L Eberhardt, Phillip Atiba Goff et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2004

  • The essence of innocence

    Phillip Atiba Goff, Matthew Christian Jackson et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2014

  • They see us as less than human

    Nour S Kteily, Nour Kteily et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2016

  • Not yet human

    Phillip Atiba Goff, Jennifer L Eberhardt et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2008

  • Too Much Knowledge, Too Little Power

    Vesla M Weaver, Vesla Weaver et al.•The Journal of Politics•2019

  • Race as biology is fiction, racism as a social problem is real

    Audrey Smedley, Brian D Smedley•American Psychologist•2005

  • A Level Playing Field? Media Constructions of Athletics, Genetics, and Race

    Open Access•M W Hughey, Devon R Go et al.•The Annals of the American…•2015

  • Biological Determinism and Racial Essentialism

    Open Access•W Carson Byrd, M W Hughey•The Annals of the American…•2015

  • On the Meaning, Measurement, and Implications of Racial Resentment

    Open Access•E G Carmines, Paul M Sniderman et al.•The Annals of the American…•2011

  • Racism in Trump's America

    Open Access•Lawrence D Bobo•British Journal of Sociology•2017

  • African American, Hispanic, and White Beliefs about Black/White Inequality, 1977-2004

    Open Access•Matthew O Hunt•American Sociological Review•2007

  • Racial stereotypes of one hundred college students

    Daniel Katz, K W Braly et al.•Journal of Abnormal & Social…•1933

  • The Genomic Revolution and Beliefs about Essential Racial Differences

    Open Access•Jo C Phelan, Jo Phelan et al.•American Sociological Review•2013

  • Stereotype persistence and change among college students

    G M Gilbert•Journal of Abnormal & Social…•1951

  • Demand Effects in Survey Experiments

    Open Access•Jonathan Mummolo, Erik Peterson•American Political Science Review•2019

  • Increasing Precision without Altering Treatment Effects

    Open Access•Clifford, Geoffrey Sheagley et al.•American Political Science Review•2021

  • Reconstructing Race in Science and Society

    Ann Morning•American Journal of Sociology•2008

  • A Taste for Punishment

    Open Access•Lawrence D Bobo, Devon Johnson•Du Bois Review Social Science…•2004

Unique citing works13
Citations per year3,25
Citation span2022 - 2026 (5)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 13

Tools

Open DOI
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae