The Intersection of Candidate Gender and Ethnicity
How Voters Respond to Campaign Messages from Latinas
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12977488 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Martina Santia (0000-0002-2097-7674, Louisiana State University, corresponding author), Nichole M Bauer (0000-0002-9797-7453, Louisiana State University) |
| Year | 2022 |
| Volume | 28 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 975-994 |
| Publication date | 2022-01-10 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The International Journal of Press/Politics (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1940-1612 • E-ISSN: 1040-1620 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/19401612211072697 |
| OpenAlex | W4206241891 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 13 |
| References cited | 71 |
Despite the recent surge of women of color in elected political office in the U.S., the representation of Latinas is strikingly low. Past research offers unclear conclusions as to whether Latina political candidates face biases due to the intersection of their identities as women and as ethnic minorities, and how Latinas can navigate such biases. In this study, we identify how Latinas draw on their intersectional identities as both women and ethnic minorities to develop strategic campaign messages and how voters respond to such messages. Through an analysis of campaign advertising data and an original survey experiment, we show that Latina candidates do not face an automatic disadvantage based in gender and ethnic biases, but they can benefit from the intersection of these two identities, especially among female minority voters. These results are consequential because they offer insights into how to improve the descriptive and substantive representation of marginalized groups in the U.S
Disadvantage · Ethnic group · Face (sociological concept · Geography · Intersection (aeronautics · Intersectionality · Political science · Politics · Representation (politics · Sociology · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Gender Politics and Representation · Gender Studies · Psychology · Social Media and Politics · Social Psychology
Gendered times
The representation of phenotypic diversity in audiovisual advertising in Spain
Targeting the cereal woman
Who covers what? Analyzing audience perceptions of gender differences in news beat coverage
Gendered Differences in Fundraising Appeals Among Congressional Candidates
Representing ‘Women’s Interests’ in 2025
Harnessing the Power of Emotions
She works hard for the money
Reconstituting the ‘good woman
Gendered Ambivalence
Intersectional Motherhood and Candidate Evaluations in the United States
Gendered Self-Promotion
Gender Stereotypes across Electoral Contexts
Representing Women
How Women Represent Women
Why Americans Hate Welfare
Fluid Borders
Ethnic Cues
Where Women Run
What Revolution? Incorporating Intersectionality in Women and Politics
Gender Differences in Political Media Coverage
Personalization, gender, and social media
Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex
Latino Lives in America
Sister Style
Steadfast Democrats
The Latina Advantage
The Politics of Belonging
Race, Gender, and Linked Fate
Demand and Supply
Owning Immigration
Racial linked fate and gender in U.S. politics
Intersectional linked fate and political representation
Gender, race, and political ambition
Who stereotypes female candidates? Identifying individual differences in feminine stereotype reliance
Stereotyping Latinas
A visual analysis of gender stereotypes in campaign advertising
Many are called but few are chosen
Gendered styles, gendered differences
Latino Group Consciousness and Perceptions of Commonality with African Americans
Press Secretaries, Journalists, and Editors
A Latino on the Ballot
How the Gender of U.S. Senators Influences People’s Understanding and Engagement in Politics
Saving Face
Gender Turnover and Roll Call Voting in the US Senate
Political Participation of Women of Color
Sex, Stereotypes, and Security
Women Running “as Women
If Only They’d Ask
Gender, Ethnicity, and Ballot Information
Identity Politics, Partisanship, and Voting for Women Candidates
Doing Intersectionality Research
A Feminine Advantage? Delineating the Effects of Feminine Trait and Feminine Issue Messages on Evaluations of Female Candidates
Women’s Issues and Their Fates in the US Congress
Trends
The Role of Group Consciousness in Latino Public Opinion
The Consequences of Gender Stereotypes for Women Candidates at Different Levels and Types of Office
Going Feminine
Race and Gender Cues in Low-Information Elections
Terrorist Threat, Male Stereotypes, and Candidate Evaluations
The Role of Gender in Descriptive Representation
Shared Identities
Measuring Stereotypes of Female Politicians
The Gendered Face of Partisan Politics
Do Gender Cues from Images Supersede Partisan Cues Conveyed via Text? Eye Movements Reveal Political Stereotyping in Multimodal Information Environments
The Contingent Effects of Candidate Sex on Voter Choice
Legislative Oversight and the Substantive Representation of Black and Latino Interests in Congress
Gender Stereotypes and Vote Choice
Issue Ownership in Presidential Elections, with a 1980 Case Study
Group-Salient Issues and Group Representation
Political Leadership in the Media
The Origins of Campaign Agendas
Latino Group Consciousness and Political Participation
Voting for women in nonpartisan and partisan elections
Rethinking Representation
Candidate appearance in campaign advertisements
Group-based appeals and the Latino vote in 2012
Selling Out
The Mobilizing Effect of Majority-Minority Districts on Latino Turnout
The Complexity of Intersectionality
Intersectional Presentations
| Unique citing works | 13 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3,25 |
| Citation span | 2022 - 2026 (5) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 13 |