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Tracking and social inequalities in school belonging - A difference-in-differences approach

Bibliographic Data

ID2092830
AuthorsMaximilian Brinkmann (0000-0002-3338-1829, University of Hildesheim, corresponding author), Nora Huth-Stöckle (0000-0002-1651-9101, University of Wuppertal), Reinhard Schunck (0000-0002-8185-8919, University of Wuppertal), Janna Teltemann (0000-0003-0329-3104, University of Hildesheim)
Year2024
Volume124
Pages103075
Publication date2024-11-01
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueSocial Science Research (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0049-089X • E-ISSN: 1096-0317
PublisherElsevier BV (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103075
PMID39542603
OpenAlexW4402617682
LanguageEN
Citations received1
References cited55

Drawing on ten studies from PIRLS, PISA and TIMSS, we study social inequalities in school belonging in the context of early tracking. We investigate whether a) there are social inequalities in school belonging b) early tracking has an effect on levels of school belonging c) tracking exacerbates social inequalities with respect to school belonging. We constructed a large database which covers a wide range of countries and representative student populations in both primary and secondary schools. We exploit that no country tracks their students in primary school and use a difference-in-differences approach to study the effect of tracking. Our findings show a positive association between students’ socioeconomic status and school belonging but no effect for tracking. Likewise, we found no evidence that tracking exacerbates social inequalities in school belonging. Multiverse analysis underlines the general robustness of these findings. • Social Inequalities extend to Students Emotional Well-Being. • The Association of Tracking and School Belonging is consistently negative. • Tracking does not appear to exacerbate Social Inequalities in School Belonging

Inequality · Pedagogy · Significant difference · Social inequality · Sociology · Statistics · Tracking (education) · Computer Science · Early Childhood Education and Development · Mathematics · Parental Involvement in Education · Psychology · School Choice and Performance

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Citations per year1
Citation span2026 - 2026 (1)
Highly citedNo

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