Impact of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder comorbidity on longitudinal course in Internet gaming disorder

A 3‐year clinical cohort study

Bibliographic Data

ID21344551
AuthorsJung Lee (0000-0001-9274-6739, Integrative Care Hub Children's Hospital Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea), Sujin Bae (0000-0002-9671-4627, Department of Psychiatry Chung Ang University Hospital Seoul Korea), Bung-Nyun Kim (0000-0002-2403-3291, Seoul National University, corresponding author), Bung Nyun Kim (Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea), Doug Hyun Han (0000-0002-8314-0767, Department of Psychiatry Chung Ang University Hospital Seoul Korea, corresponding author)
Year2021
Volume62
Issue9
Pages1110-1119
Publication date2021-09-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0021-9630 • E-ISSN: 1469-7610
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/jcpp.13380
PMID33751554
OpenAlexW3133954826
LanguageEN
Citations received19
References cited60

BACKGROUND: Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms were identified as a key risk factor for Internet gaming disorder (IGD), the effect of ADHD comorbidity on longitudinal course of IGD in the clinical population remains to be further examined. This study aimed to investigate whether ADHD comorbidity in IGD patients affects the recovery, recurrence rates, and trajectories of IGD symptoms, and examine the relationship between the changes in IGD and ADHD symptoms. METHODS: The study included 128 IGD patients without any psychiatric comorbidities (pure-IGD group) and 127 IGD patients with comorbid ADHD (ADHD-IGD group) aged 11 to 42 years. IGD and ADHD were diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria at enrollment. Participants were offered 8-week treatment with additional care provided as needed and followed up over a 3-year period. IGD diagnosis was reassessed annually and used as a dichotomous outcome. The severity of IGD and ADHD symptoms was measured using the Young Internet Addiction Scale and the Korean ADHD rating scale, respectively, at baseline and each annual follow-up. RESULTS: The recovery rates of IGD by Year 3 were 60% and 93% in ADHD-IGD and in pure-IGD groups, respectively. The ADHD-IGD group showed lower rates of recovery, higher odds of recurrence within 1 year, and higher severity of IGD symptoms over time than the pure-IGD group. Family environment was also associated with the trajectories of IGD symptoms. The changes in ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with the changes in IGD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that ADHD comorbidity in IGD patients was associated with poor clinical course of IGD and that the changes in ADHD symptoms were associated with the changes in IGD symptoms over time. Our findings suggest that evaluation and treatment of ADHD symptoms and family environment in IGD patients may be important in improving the prognosis of IGD

Addiction · Antibody · Comorbidity · Immunoglobulin D · Longitudinal study · Odds ratio · Pathology · Psychiatry · Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder · Clinical Psychology · Digital Mental Health Interventions · Immunology · Impact of Technology on Adolescents · Internal Medicine · Medicine · Psychology

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