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School‐Based Mental Health Practices Within a Multi‐Tiered System of Support

A Mixed Methods Investigation of Targeted and Intensive Services

Bibliographic Data

ID21376465
AuthorsHeather E Ormiston (0000-0002-3774-7090, Department of Applied Psychology in Education and Research Methodology Indiana University Bloomington Bloomington Indiana USA, corresponding author), Malena A Nygaard (0000-0002-5265-2073, Department of Applied Psychology in Education and Research Methodology Indiana University Bloomington Bloomington Indiana USA), Polly R Husmann (0000-0001-5935-9956, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, & Physiology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA)
Year2025
Volume62
Issue4
Pages1087-1099
Publication date2025-04-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePsychology in the Schools (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0033-3085 • E-ISSN: 1520-6807
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1002/pits.23380
OpenAlexW4407180138
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited55

Research supports the use of multi‐tiered systems of support (MTSS) for meeting student academic, behavioral, and socioemotional needs. MTSS is viewed as an ideal model to deliver school‐based mental health (SBMH) services to students. However, limited research has examined what this framework for service delivery looks like in practice. Utilizing a national participant sample and a mixed‐methods convergent (quan + QUAL) design, the purpose of this study is to examine participant use of MTSS for SBMH and to examine practitioners' perspectives on the implementation of Tier 2 and 3 services. Respondents in our current sample indicated a level of uncertainty regarding the identification of students for SBMH services and the delivery of Tier 2 and Tier 3 services, particularly as this relates to special education. Additionally, respondents indicated “insufficient” supports for the provision of Tier 3 services. Limitations, implications for practice, and future directions are discussed

Developmental psychology · Identification (biology) · Medical education · Mental health · Psychiatry · Sample (material) · Service (business) · Service delivery framework · Socioemotional selectivity theory · Tier 1 network · Tier 2 network · Applied Psychology · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development · Computer Science · Educational and Psychological Assessments · Family and Disability Support Research · Medicine · Psychology

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  • Determinants of Implementing the Mental Health Action Plan (MHAP) Pilot Program With Fidelity

    Open Access•Malena A Nygaard, Heather E Ormiston•Psychology in the Schools•2025

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    David H Peters, Thomas Adam et al.•British Journal of Sports Medicine•2014

  • The Effectiveness of School-Based Mental Health Services for Elementary-Aged Children

    Open Access•Amanda L Sanchez, Danielle Cornacchio et al.•Journal of the American Academy…•2018

  • Multi-tiered Approaches to Trauma-Informed Care in Schools

    Open Access•Emily Berger•School Mental Health•2019

  • Thematic Analysis

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  • Thematic Analysis

    Open Access•Braun, Victoria Clarke•Encyclopedia of Quality of Life…•2022

  • Educator perspectives on mental health resources and practices in their school

    Open Access•Heather E Ormiston, Malena A Nygaard et al.•Psychology in the Schools•2021

  • Supporting school‐community collaboration for the implementation of a multi‐tiered school mental health program

    Open Access•Tali Raviv, Mashana Smith et al.•Psychology in the Schools•2022

  • Living in Tier 2

    Gina Braun, Skip Kumm et al.•International Journal of…•2018

  • School mental health care coordination practices

    Open Access•Malena A Nygaard, Heather E Ormiston et al.•Children and Youth Services Review•2024

  • Assessing the National School Social Work Practice Model

    Michael S Kelly, Andy J Frey et al.•Social Work•2015

  • Applying a MTSS framework to address racism and promote mental health for racial/ethnic minoritized youth

    Open Access•Celeste M Malone, Kirby L Wycoff et al.•Psychology in the Schools•2021

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  • Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research

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Unique citing works2
Citations per year2
Citation span2025 - 2025 (1)
Citation velocityrecent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 2

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