Goal Setting and Self-Efficacy During Self-Regulated Learning
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23318090 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Dale Schunk (0000-0003-3963-9306, North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, corresponding author), Dale H Schunk |
| Year | 1990 |
| Volume | 25 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 71-86 |
| Publication date | 1990-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Educational Psychologist (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0046-1520 • E-ISSN: 1532-6985 |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1207/s15326985ep2501_6 |
| OpenAlex | W1963527934 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 107 |
| References cited | 18 |
This article focuses on the self-regulated learning processes of goal setting and perceived self-efficacy. Students enter learning activities with goals and self-efficacy for goal attainment. As learners work on tasks, they observe their own performances and evaluate their own goal progress. Self-efficacy and goal setting are affected by self-observation, self-judgment, and self-reaction. When students perceive satisfactory goal progress, they feel capable of improving their skills; goal attainment, coupled with high self-efficacy, leads students to set new challenging goals. Research is reviewed on goal properties (specificity, proximity, difficulty), self-set goals, progress feedback, contracts and conferences, and conceptions of ability. Ways of teaching students to set realistic goals and evaluate progress include establishing upper and lower goal limits and employing games, contracts, and conferences. Future research might clarify the relation of goal setting and self-efficacy to transfer, goal orientations, and affective reactions.
Cognitive psychology · Goal Orientation · Goal pursuit · Goal setting · Mathematics education · Self-efficacy · Self-regulated learning · Set (abstract data type) · Computer Science · Education, Achievement, and Giftedness · Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods · Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports · Psychology · Social Psychology
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| Unique citing works | 107 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3,06 |
| Citation span | 1991 - 2026 (36) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 93 |