Economic sanctions
A blunt instrument
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 5086645 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Susan Hannah Allen (0000-0002-4435-5597, University of Mississippi, corresponding author), David Lektzian (0000-0001-8806-3222, Texas Tech University), David J Lektzian (Texas Tech University) |
| Year | 2013 |
| Volume | 50 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 121-135 |
| Publication date | 2013-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Peace Research (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3433 • E-ISSN: 1460-3578 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/0022343312456224 |
| OpenAlex | W2088076115 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 64 |
| References cited | 45 |
Economic sanctions have been referred to as a blunt instrument that the international community has often wielded without full consideration of the impact that these measures will have on the population of the targeted countries, particularly the weakest elements of society. Case studies of sanctions against Cuba, Iraq, and Yugoslavia have demonstrated the impact that sanctions can have on the availability of food, clean water, and medicine, causing many to conclude that all sanctions have extensive public health consequences. In this article, we examine the generalizability of these conclusions in a quantitative cross-national study of sanctions and their public health effects. Additionally, we compare these effects to those associated with both civil and interstate conflicts as critics have recently suggested that sanctions are not a humane alternative to armed warfare. We find that when sanctions have a large economic effect on the target they can have severe public health consequences. These consequences are substantively similar to those associated with major military conflicts. However, when sanctions have little or no economic effect on the target, they also have no substantive effect on public health. Building on recent work to explore the human consequences of war, this work also helps to demonstrate the importance of smart sanctions and humanitarian exemptions in sanctions policy
Business · Development economics · Economic policy · Economic sanctions · Economics · Environmental health · Political science · Population · Public economics · Public health · Sanctions · Economic Sanctions and International Relations · Law · Medicine
The effect of economic sanctions on the severity of genocides or politicides
When Do Imposed Economic Sanctions Work? A Critical Review of the Sanctions Effectiveness Literature
Balancing Act
Coercive Origin of Banking Giants
Ending Economic Sanctions in the Shadow of Bargaining Problems
Still Unjust, Just in Different Ways
The Blame Game
Mass Mobilization, Elite Competition, and Diversionary Use of Sanctions
Consequences of Economic Sanctions
Does Misery Love Company? Analyzing the Global Suffering Inflicted by US Economic Sanctions
Public Support for Economic Sanctions
Using the Carrot as the Stick
Economic Sanctions in Flux
Forcing the President's Hand
Birds of a Feather, Do Sanctioned States Flock Together
Shadow Economies and the Success of Economic Sanctions
The futility of economic sanctions in a globalized and interdependent world
Economic sanctions, healthcare and the right to health
What goes around comes around
Should They Go, or May They Stay
How can optimal monetary policies reduce oil sanctions’ impacts? Evidence from Iran
Principle Versus Profit
The unintended consequences of UN sanctions
Peace, Disability, and the Violence of the Built Environment
Iranian female-headed households’ material well-being during sanctions and post-JCPOA periods
Political Effectiveness, Negative Externalities, and the Ethics of Economic Sanctions
Just War Theory and the Last of Last Resort
Post-Cold War sanctioning by the EU, the UN, and the US
Economic sanctions and income inequality
External arms embargoes and their implications for government expenditure, democracy and internal conflict
The Impact of Economic Sanctions on Income Inequality of Target States
Do Sanctions Always Stigmatize? The Effects of Economic Sanctions on Foreign Aid
Economic Sanctions and the Politics of IMF Lending
Sanctioned to Death? The Impact of Economic Sanctions on Life Expectancy and its Gender Gap
Economic Sanctions and the Material Well-being of Iranian Older Adults
Echoes of hostility
Conditional Humanitarianism
The Political Geography of Sanctions Support
Sanctions and incentives to repudiate external debt
Precision-guided or blunt? The effects of US economic sanctions on human rights
The effect of sanctions on economic freedom
Economic Sanctions and the Distribution of State Capacity in Target Countries
Recovering from economic coercion
Debt or Alive
Monitoring the Monitor? Selective Responses to Human Rights Transgressions
Negative Duties, the WTO and the Harm Argument
Cooperation through collective punishment and participation
Revisiting the Causal Links between Economic Sanctions and Human Rights Violations
Successful or Counterproductive Coercion? The Effect of International Sanctions on Conflict Intensity
Domestic Demand for Human Rights
Sanction Consequences and Citizen Support
Sanctions and Signals
Economic Sanctions and Food Consumption
Only Here to Help? Bargaining and the Perverse Incentives of International Institutions
Do aid punishments work forever? Recipients’ incentives for partial democratization and timing of aid punishments after coups
Global Economic Sanctions
Economic Sanctions and Government Spending Adjustments
Do sanctions spell disaster? Economic sanctions, political institutions, and technological safety
Covid-19 and Sanctions Affecting Afghans in Iran
UN targeted sanctions datasets (1991-2013)
Mind the Compliance Gap
Economic coercion and currency crises in target countries
Crimea come what may
Why Sanctions Termination Doesn't Put an End to Humanitarian Crises
Enforcing Restraint
The Sanctions Decade
World Trade Report 2004
Testing for Serial Correlation in Linear Panel-data Models
Interdependence and Conflict
Economic Sanctions and Human Security
Ecoviolence
A Peaceful, Silent, Deadly Remedy
Explaining Interstate Conflict and War
The Threat and Imposition of Economic Sanctions, 1971—2000
The Determinants of Economic Sanctions Success and Failure
Modeling Selection Bias in Studies of Sanctions Efficacy
The success and use of economic sanctions
The impact of the economic crisis and the US embargo on health in Cuba
The impact of economic sanctions on health and human rights in Haiti, 1991-1994
Endgame
On the Effects of International Economic Sanctions, With Examples from the Case of Rhodesia
The Domestic Political Costs of Economic Sanctions
An Institutional Theory of Sanctions Onset and Success
Institutions and International Cooperation
A Hand upon the Throat of the Nation
Health and Human Security
Comparative Public Health
Sanctions, Signals, and Militarized Conflict
Regression in Space and Time
On the Determinants of the Success of Economic Sanctions
The impact of public spending on health
What To Do (and Not to Do) with Time-Series Cross-Section Data
Beyond Environmental Scarcity
Democratic Sanctions
The Economic Peace Between Democracies
Demographic Pressure and Interstate Conflict
Better or Worse? The Effect of Economic Sanctions on Human Rights
Sanctions of Mass Destruction
Civil Wars Kill and Maim People-Long After the Shooting Stops
| Unique citing works | 64 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 5,82 |
| Citation span | 2015 - 2026 (12) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 63 |