Social Cognition
Thinking Categorically about Others
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 5772840 |
|---|---|
| Authors | C Neil Macrae (0000-0002-8659-6778, University of Bristol), Galen V Bodenhausen (0000-0002-6327-1612, University of Bristol) |
| Year | 2000 |
| Volume | 51 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 93-120 |
| Publication date | 2000-02-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Annual Review of Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0066-4308 • E-ISSN: 1545-2085 |
| Publisher | Annual Reviews (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.93 |
| PMID | 10751966 |
| OpenAlex | W2162756652 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 396 |
| References cited | 118 |
In attempting to make sense of other people, perceivers regularly construct and use categorical representations to simplify and streamline the person perception process. Noting the importance of categorical thinking in everyday life, our emphasis in this chapter is on the cognitive dynamics of categorical social perception. In reviewing current research on this topic, three specific issues are addressed: (a) When are social categories activated by perceivers, (b) what are the typical consequences of category activation, and (c) can perceivers control the influence and expression of categorical thinking? Throughout the chapter, we consider how integrative models of cognitive functioning may inform our understanding of categorical social perception
Categorical Perception · Categorical variable · Everyday life · Expression (computer science · Child and Animal Learning Development · Cultural Differences and Values · Social and Intergroup Psychology
Beyond ethnic penalties in occupational attainment
Estereótipos, mentiras e videotape
Perceiving ingroup members who use stereotypes
From perceptual rags to metaphoric riches-Bodily, social, and cultural constraints on sociocognitive metaphors
Roma and Czechs
Cognitive Processes Involved in Stereotyping
Intergroup Relations
Perceiving People
Immigrant Sociocultural Adaptation, Identification, and Belonging
Nonverbal Behavior
Mind Perception
Stereotype Content
Categorization by Sex
Social Classification
Re-negotiating Gender
Dissecting Discrimination
The categorization-individuation model
Domestic Country Bias, Country-of-Origin Effects, and Consumer Ethnocentrism
The myth of harmless wrongs in moral cognition
An ideological asymmetry in the diffusion of moralized content on social media among political leaders.
The Way They Speak
“Asylum seekers”, “boat people” and “illegal immigrants”
A developmental examination of the conceptual structure of animal, artifact, and human social categories across two cultural contexts
From Ideal to Real
Personality Architecture
Perceptions of race
The influence of processing objectives on the perception of faces
Ambiguity in Social Categorization
Black + White = Black
Multiple Identities in Social Perception and Interaction
Intergroup Perception and Cognition
The role of officer race and gender in police-civilian interactions in Chicago
(Biased) Grading of Students’ Performance
Looking the Part
Recognizing Emotion from Facial Expressions
Mental Construal and the Emergence of Assimilation and Contrast Effects
Accuracy in Categorizing Perceptually Ambiguous Groups
Sexual Orientation Perception Involves Gendered Facial Cues
Zooming In and Out
Building long-term empathy
Putting the “Person” in the Center
Solving the Emotion Paradox
Self and Social Identity
Un/Doing Differences. The Contingency of Social Affiliations
Processing Ambiguous Social Identity
On the contextuality of gender biases in pain care
Are Refugees Perceived as Criminals? Reducing the Memory Misinformation Effect in the Context of Stereotypes About Refugees
Altering age and gender stereotypes by creating the Halo and Horns Effects with facial expressions
Relations between pre-service teacher gaze, teacher attitude, and student ethnicity
Objective assessment criteria reduce the influence of judgmental bias on grading
A Rational Framework for Group-Based Selective Social Learning
Risky research? Exploring the potentially detrimental effects of employing stigma scales
Person Perception, Meet People Perception
Neither Human Normativity nor Human Groupness Are in Humanity’s Genes
Manipulating avatar age and gender in level-2 visual perspective taking
A case of ‘de-immigrantization’
Hiring discrimination and stereotyping of political opponents
Cues of wealth and the subjective perception of rich people
Facial trustworthiness dampens own-gender bias in emotion recognition
People perception and stereotype-based responding
The asymmetric bias
Living together depends on intergroup dynamics
Student teachers’ judgements of students’ academic and social characteristics
Protecting ingroup’s humanity
Does Repetition Always Make Perfect? Differential Effects of Repetition on Learning of Own-Race and Other-Race Faces
Stereotyping When It Fits
Who Said What? Confusing Scientists and Laypeople on Social Media
Atheists and Christians can be Discerned from their Faces
Waist-to-Hip Ratio Predicts Sexual Perception and Responses to Sexual Assault Disclosures
Everyday Perceiver-Context Influences on Impression Formation
Many Mickles Make a Muckle
Equal Performance, Different Grade
People Favor In-group Over Out-group Close Friends More Strongly in Automatic than in Nonautomatic Evaluation
Reflexive Activation of Monoracial Categories During Multiracial Categorization
Stereotypical Questions
A Functional Coupling of Brain and Behavior During Social Categorization of Faces
Exploring virtual reality for quality immersive empathy building experiences
Entrustment within an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) progress test
Food for thought on eating while meeting virtually
You don’t want kids
Do you like the people from Trudekistan? Country names impact perceptions of a country and its citizens
Consumer Recall and Recognition Of Co-Appearing Brands in TV Media
Stereotypes and self-fulfilling prophecies in the Bayesian brain
Perspective taking reduces intergroup bias in visual representations of faces
Person knowledge shapes face identity perception
Evaluating the independence of age, sex, and race in judgment of faces
The power of the unexpected
Infants' biased individuation of in-group members
Facial first impressions are not mandatory
Gender essentialism and the mental representation of transgender women and men
Belief in Gender Role Stereotypes Moderates the Use of Gender Typicality Cues when Making Sexual Orientation Judgements from Faces
Rethinking Multiculturalism
Latent profile analysis
Toward a dynamic approach of person perception at zero acquaintance
When brand prominence mutes uniqueness
Convergent evidence for a theory of rapid, automatic, and accurate sex ratio tracking
An automatic red-female association tested by the Stroop task
(Men)tal health
White Categorical Ambiguity
Other Than the Sum
Essentialist beliefs in children
Plans and the structure of behavior.
The principles of psychology, Vol I.
From Neuropsychology to Mental Structure
In the Theater of Consciousness
Automatic Activation of Stereotypes
On perceptual readiness.
Concepts and conceptual structure.
Suppression as a Stereotype Control Strategy
Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex
The Negative Priming Effect
Racial Prejudice and Stereotype Activation
Group Entitativity and Social Attribution
On the ability to inhibit thought and action
Help, I Need Somebody
Attention to Action
A hot/cool-system analysis of delay of gratification
Implicit social cognition
Racial attitudes in America
A Continuum of Impression Formation, from Category-Based to Individuating Processes
Forming impressions from stereotypes, traits, and behaviors
Automatic Stereotyping
Stereotypes
An Individual Difference Measure of Motivation to Control Prejudiced Reactions
Race in the Making
Person Categorization and Stereotyping
Memory for expectancy-congruent and expectancy-incongruent information
Social science research on trial
Memory for stereotype‐consistent and stereotype‐inconsistent information as a function of processing pace
Judgement and memory of a criminal act
Prejudice as self-image maintenance
Stereotype formation and endorsement
Automaticity of social behavior
Seeing one thing and doing another
Consequences of Stereotype Suppression
On the Nature of Prejudice
Decoding Subjective Evaluations
Activating Social Stereotypes
Stereotypes and Mental Life
On Activating Exemplars
Racial stereotypes
Effects of multiple task demands upon memory for information about social groups
Stereotyping based on apparently individuating information
Categorization by Race
Evidence for the automaticity of ageism
When Stereotype Activation Results in (Counter)Stereotypical Judgments
Nonconscious Behavioral Confirmation Processes
On the Activation of Social Stereotypes
Common fate, similarity, and other indices of the status of aggregates of persons as social entities
Self-regulation of prejudiced responses
Variability in automatic activation as an unobtrusive measure of racial attitudes
Stereotypes as energy-saving devices
The trouble of thinking
Out of mind but back in sight
Inhibitory effect of schematic processing on perceptual encoding
Stereotype efficiency reconsidered
On regulation of recollection
Accessible attitudes influence categorization of multiply categorizable objects
Target entitativity
Category and stereotype activation
Automatic and controlled processes in stereotype priming
Effects of suppression of personal intrusive thoughts
Stereotypic biases in social decision making and memory
Person memory
The dissection of selection in person perception
Unraveling social categorization in the "Who said what?" paradigm
Reactions to a Black professional
Saying no to unwanted thoughts
Tales of the unexpected
Gender- and race-based standards of competence
All that you can be
Automatic activation of impression formation and memorization goals
Stereotypes and prejudice
Mental contamination and mental correction
Warmer and More Social
| Unique citing works | 396 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 15,84 |
| Citation span | 2001 - 2026 (26) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 392 |