Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Identity Under Construction

How Individuals Come to Define Themselves in Organizations

Bibliographic Data

ID5821152
AuthorsBlake E Ashforth (0000-0003-2244-529X, Arizona State University), Beth S Schinoff (0000-0002-3927-5787, Arizona State University)
Year2016
Volume3
Issue1
Pages111-137
Publication date2016-02-04
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAnnual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2327-0608 • E-ISSN: 2327-0616
PublisherAnnual Reviews (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-041015-062322
OpenAlexW3177044644
LanguageEN
Citations received149
References cited113

Individuals need a situated identity, or a clear sense of "who they are" in their local context, to function. Drawing largely on interpretivist research, we describe the process of identity construction in organizations. Organizations set the stage for members to construct their identities through sensebreaking, rendering individuals more receptive to organizational cues conveyed via sensegiving. Individuals utilize sensemaking to construe their situated identity as they progress toward a desired self. Affect (feeling "this is me"), behavior (acting as "me"), and cognition (thinking "this is me") are each viable and intertwined gateways to a situated identity that resonates with one's desired self and a given context. Individuals formulate identity narratives that link their past and present to a desired future, providing direction. If their identity enactments and narratives receive social validation, individuals feel more assured, fortifying their emergent identities. The result of these dynamics is a visceral understanding of self in the local context, facilitating adjustment

Identity formation · Narrative identity · Sensemaking · Situated cognition · Social constructionism · Social identity approach · Cultural Differences and Values · Management and Organizational Studies · Social Power and Status Dynamics

  • Construcción de la Identidad de Profesionales Vinculados con la Inclusión Educativa

    Open Access•Gabriela Narváez-Olmedo, Karina Pabón-Ponce et al.•Revista latinoamericana de…•2024

  • Work identity and the myth of mothers’ lower commitment

    Open Access•Sara Hendrick, Angie Cameron Schultz•Self and Identity•2026

  • Verdeckungen

    Saskia Bender, Oliver Flügel-Martinsen et al.•Verdeckungen•2023

  • Can I come as I am? Refugees' vocational identity threats, coping, and growth

    Open Access•Katja Wehrle, Ute-Christine Klehe et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2018

  • Making sense of alternativity from within

    Open Access•Constantin Bremer•Organization•2026

  • Health promotion roles shaped by professional identity

    Open Access•Fia van Heteren, Nadine Raaphorst et al.•Health Promotion International•2024

  • Nascent entrepreneurship and development

    Shihan Chen, Jun Li et al.•Education + Training•2026

  • Peer Mentoring and the Importance of Identity Work

    Open Access•Audrey J Murrell, Audrey Murrell•Frontiers The Interdisciplinary…•2022

  • Modelling the factors that affect medical students’ occupational identity in long Covid

    Open Access•Jun Yan, Manli Wu et al.•Humanities and Social Sciences…•2024

  • Social distance and related behaviour

    Open Access•Zhi Hua Wang, Deborah Obeweh et al.•Social Sciences & Humanities Open•2026

  • Constructing identity through narratives

    Open Access•Hussein Hnit, Ali Almanna•Social Sciences & Humanities Open•2025

  • The influence of military identity on soldiers’ innovative work behavior

    Open Access•Nuttapong Promsorn, Kamonkanok Kiatisakchai et al.•Cogent Social Sciences•2026

  • Predictors of job burnout among fieldwork supervisors of social work students

    Open Access•Menny Malka, Oshrit Kaspi-Baruch et al.•Journal of Social Work•2021

  • The relationship between job precariousness and student burnout

    Peter A Creed, Michelle Hood et al.•British Journal of Education & Work•2022

  • The Effect of Waiters’ Occupational Identity on Employee Turnover Within The Context of Michelin-Starred Restaurants

    Open Access•Maria Jesus Jerez Jerez, T C Melewar et al.•Journal of Hospitality & Tourism…•2023

  • How Employees Experience Digital Transformation

    Open Access•Annemiek H T Van Der Schaft, Xander Lub et al.•Journal of Hospitality & Tourism…•2024

  • Disrupting Fandom, Collective Action, and Social Justice

    Open Access•Logan E Gibbs, Timothy Betts•Communication Studies•2026

  • I can, I am

    Open Access•Navio Kwok, Winny Shen et al.•The Leadership Quarterly•2021

  • Leader humor, workplace gossip, and employee authentic self-expression

    Open Access•Qian Wang, Hai‐jiang Wang et al.•Current Psychology•2024

  • Flight or Fight

    Open Access•Zhaobiao Zong, Wei Guo et al.•Current Psychology•2023

  • Cultural integration, subjective identity, and well-being

    Open Access•Zhi Wang, Wang Zhi et al.•Current Psychology•2024

  • How does Covid-19 pandemic strength influence work fatigue? The mediating role of occupational calling

    Open Access•Jie Zhou•Current Psychology•2024

  • “This is where I belong

    Open Access•ISABEL ARRIAGADA•Crime Law and Social Change•2023

  • Navigating Involuntary Career Changes

    Open Access•Caroline Éliane Brazier, Michaël Parmentier et al.•Journal of Career Development•2025

  • When humans and computers induce social stress through negative feedback

    Open Access•Simon Thuillard, M Adams et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2022

  • An Avatar's worth in the metaverse workplace

    Open Access•Chaeyun Lim, Rabindra Ratan et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2024

  • Containing and harnessing uncertainty during postgraduate research supervision

    Ruth Albertyn, Kathy Bennett•Higher Education Research &…•2021

  • Intersectionality and the emerging majority student

    Jayne R Goode, Jelena Radovic‐fanta et al.•Communication Education•2022

  • Navigating the neo-academy

    Open Access•Ellen Larsen, Robyn Brandenburg•The Australian Educational…•2023

  • Who to be? A narrative exploration of postgraduates’ desired future during the school-to-work transition

    Open Access•Babak Ghaempanah, Svetlana N Khapova•British Journal of Guidance and…•2026

  • Self‐determination theory and its implications for team motivation

    Open Access•Simon Grenier, Marylène Gagné et al.•Applied Psychology•2024

  • How Job Insecurity Affects Political Attitudes

    Open Access•Eva Selenko, Hans De Witte•Applied Psychology•2021

  • Identity Continuity Protects Academic Performance, Retention, and Life Satisfaction among International Students

    Open Access•Tegan Cruwys, Nikole W K Ng et al.•Applied Psychology•2021

  • Pathways to building strong IR professional identities in Taiwanese higher education

    Nothando S Nkambule, Ching-Hui Lin et al.•Asia Pacific Journal of Education•2026

  • A Paradox of Ethics

    Open Access•Muel Kaptein•Journal of Business Ethics•2023

  • Growth Through Ethical Role Identity Work

    Open Access•Niki A den Nieuwenboer, Linda Klebe Trevino et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2025

  • Managers as Moral Leaders

    Open Access•Mari Huhtala, Päivi Fadjukoff et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2021

  • Microaggressions, Interrupted

    Open Access•Jennifer Y Kim, Alyson Meister•Journal of Business Ethics•2023

  • A self-regulatory model of how future work selves change during job search and the school-to-work transition

    Open Access•Ray T Fang, Ray Fang et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2022

  • Facilitating a successful school-to-work transition

    Open Access•Anna C van der Horst, Ute-Christine Klehe et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2021

  • Navigating leader vs. servant identity

    Open Access•Lee Yung Wong, Andrew Rixon et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2025

  • Organizational nostalgia facilitates prioritization of important personal work goals

    Open Access•Marius Van Dijke, Joost M Leunissen et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2026

  • How future work self salience shapes the effects of interacting with artificial intelligence

    Open Access•Julian Voigt, Karoline Strau•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2024

  • Antecedents and implications of changes in social identification at work amongst teleworkers

    Open Access•Janne Kaltiainen, Jari Hakanen et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2026

  • Theorizing person-environment fit in a changing career world

    Open Access•Yanjun Guan, Hong Deng et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2021

  • “Running away is easy; it's the leaving that's hard”

    Open Access•Karan Sonpar, Federica Pazzaglia et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2022

  • Co-Constructing Community and Entrepreneurial Identity

    Open Access•Eliana Crosina•Administrative Science Quarterly•2024

  • Calling and the Good Life

    Open Access•Shoshana R Dobrow, Hannah Weisman et al.•Administrative Science Quarterly•2023

  • Stories of Calling

    Open Access•Matt Bloom, Amy E Colbert et al.•Administrative Science Quarterly•2021

  • A relational process of newcomer identity development

    Open Access•Mahbubul Alam•Acta Psychologica•2026

  • Emotions Online

    Open Access•Sabina Pultz, Katia Dupret•Human Arenas•2026

  • Navigating social identity in policing

    Rachael M Rief, Samantha S Clinkinbeard•Police Practice and Research•2026

  • Meaningful work across value-laden contexts

    Open Access•Viviana Colombi Evangelista, Davide de Gennaro et al.•Culture and Organization•2026

  • Masculinity, embodiment and identity-work

    Open Access•Andreas Giazitzoglu•Organization•2024

  • Online identities in and around organizations

    Open Access•Marcos Barros, Rafael Alcadipani et al.•Organization•2023

  • Making Sustainable Places Through Spaces

    Open Access•Emamdeen Fohim, Mélodie Cartel et al.•Organization & Environment•2024

  • Identity embarrassment and identity defense

    Luyun LI, Liangding JIA et al.•Acta Psychologica Sinica•2023

  • Identity vs. sense of belonging

    Open Access•Олена Злобіна•Ukrainian society•2024

  • Trends of changes of national-civic identity during the war

    Open Access•Олена Злобіна•Sociology Theory Methods Marketing•2024

  • The menopausal transition and women's workplace identity

    Open Access•Stephanie Wall, Stephanie van de Wall et al.•SSM - Qualitative Research in…•2026

  • Responses to occupational identity threats in sustainability transitions

    Open Access•Barbara Kump, Lara Carminati et al.•Environmental Innovation and…•2026

  • Counselling in zero-Covid China

    Open Access•Anna Iskra•Transcultural Psychiatry•2026

  • Accounting in Identity Regulation

    Open Access•Juhani Vaivio, Marko Järvenpää et al.•European Accounting Review•2023

  • Vulnerability and adaptive resilience in global platform work

    Open Access•Julian Diaz-Avendaño, Juan Veléz-Ocampo et al.•International Journal of Cross…•2026

  • Lamentable Letting Go

    Open Access•Gayani Gunasekera, Mario Fernando et al.•Journal of International…•2025

  • Sensemaking About the Organization–Occupation Relationship in Constructing Identification at Work

    Open Access•Eun‐Suk Lee, Yonjeong Paik•SAGE Open•2023

  • Dogsbody in the System”

    Open Access•Yijian Hu, Rui Zhou et al.•SAGE Open•2025

  • An employee retention model using organizational network analysis for voluntary turnover

    Open Access•Sundus Younis, Ali Ahsan et al.•Social Network Analysis and Mining•2023

  • What do you think youth workers do? A comparative case study of library and afterschool workers

    Open Access•Sharon Colvin, Annie M White et al.•Children and Youth Services Review•2020

  • Unveiling the Public Service Identity

    Open Access•Guillem Ripoll, Jessica Breaugh•Perspectives on Public Management…•2025

  • Implicit Leadership Theories, Implicit Followership Theories, and Dynamic Processing of Leadership Information

    Robert G Lord, Olga Epitropaki et al.•Annual Review of Organizational…•2019

  • Positive Identity Construction in Diverse Organizations

    Open Access•Laura Morgan Roberts, Brianna Barker Caza•Annual Review of Organizational…•2024

  • Portuguese version of Bern Illegitimates Task Scale

    Open Access•Paula Neves, Cláudia Andrade et al.•BMC Psychology•2023

  • The relationship between trait awe and teachers’ well-being for primary and secondary school teachers

    Open Access•Rongmao Lin, Rong-Mao Lin et al.•BMC Psychology•2025

  • Trapped in limbo – Academics' identity negotiation in conditions of perpetual liminality

    Open Access•Ingo Winkler, Mette Lund Kristensen•Qualitative Research in…•2021

  • The Influence of the Covid-19 Event on Deviant Workplace Behavior Taking Tianjin, Beijing and Hebei as an Example

    Open Access•Yingyan Liu, Zaisheng Zhang et al.•International Journal of…•2020

  • Becoming an academic entrepreneur

    Open Access•Christopher S Hayter, Bruno Brandão Fischer et al.•Small Business Economics•2022

  • The different ways of being true to self at work

    Open Access•Caroline Rook, Hannes Leroy et al.•Human Relations•2025

  • Counselling for career construction for an artistic child with career undecidedness

    Open Access•Jacobus G Maree•International Journal of…•2021

  • Residents’ Environmentally Responsible Behavior and Tourists’ Sustainable Use of Cultural Heritage

    Open Access•Ibrahim A Elshaer, Alaa M S Azazz et al.•Heritage•2024

  • Job Expectations and Professional Role Identity in Gambian Journalists

    Open Access•Gabriele Puzzo, Maha Yomn Sbaa et al.•Societies•2023

  • Legitimacy and women entrepreneurs in masculinised industries

    Open Access•Caroline Essers, Maura Mcadam et al.•International Journal of Gender…•2024

  • Board level (in)visibility and critical mass in South African companies

    Open Access•Ziphozihle Zajiji, Anthony Wilson-Prangley et al.•Gender in Management An…•2020

  • Key factors in social work education shaping students’ career intentions in China

    Wanyi Huang, Jie Lei et al.•China Journal of Social Work•2024

  • Overcoming unintended consequences of social impact accountability

    Open Access•Naomi Ellemers, Dick De Gilder•Social Issues and Policy Review•2023

  • Rethinking ethical leadership

    Open Access•Devadoss Francis, R G Priyadarshini et al.•Leadership•2026

  • The dialectics of leadership identity construction

    Open Access•Mariana de Santibañes, Sofi Ospina et al.•Leadership•2023

  • The pedagogical potential of identity work in leadership education – Controversies, confessions, and conclusions

    Open Access•Tomas Nilsson, Jonathan Damiani•Leadership•2023

  • How Women Leaders’ Identities Coexist Through Public and Private Identity Endorsements

    Open Access•Alyson Byrne, Ingrid C Chadwick•Journal of Leadership &…•2023

  • Leadership Role Occupancy and Leader Self-Views Across 20 Years

    Open Access•Dayna O H Walker, E Middleton et al.•Journal of Leadership &…•2024

  • Walking Our Evidence-Based Talk

    Open Access•Hannes Leroy, Moran Anisman‐razin et al.•Journal of Leadership &…•2022

  • Distinguished Scholar Invited Essay

    Open Access•Blake E Ashforth•Journal of Leadership &…•2016

  • She Who Is Motivated in Public Service Suffers More From Policy Meaninglessness

    Open Access•Yuanjie Bao, Min Hua et al.•Review of Policy Research•2025

  • Professionals, purpose-seekers, and passers-through

    Open Access•Eliane Bucher, Eliane Léontine Bucher et al.•New Media & Society•2021

  • Women leaders in Pakistani academia

    Rabia Ali, Asma Rasheed•Asian Journal of Women s Studies•2021

  • Growing leaders from below

    Open Access•Stephen Jay, Alastair Nightingale et al.•Journal of Community & Applied…•2022

  • I am because I have to be

    Open Access•Angela Schill, Angela Owens‐Jackson et al.•Gender Work and Organization•2024

  • How Nonbinary Individuals Construct and Express Their Gender Identity in Brazil

    Open Access•Bruno Felix, Sophie Hennekam•Gender Work and Organization•2025

  • More than “just a mom”

    Open Access•Yseult Freeney, Lisa Van Der Werff et al.•Gender Work and Organization•2024

  • Work re‐entry following maternity leave for first‐time mothers

    Open Access•Christine Cro, Colette Darcy et al.•Gender Work and Organization•2024

  • Identities and interactions

    George J Mccall•Identities and interactions•1978

  • Sensemaking in organizations

    Karl E Weick•Sensemaking in organizations•1995

  • Critical Management Studies on Identity

    Robyn Thomas•The Oxford handbook of critical…•2009

  • How Are We Doing After 30 Years? A Meta-Analytic Review of the Antecedents and Outcomes of Feedback-Seeking Behavior

    Open Access•Frederik Anseel, Adam Beatty et al.•Journal of Management•2015

  • Exploring Causes of the Self‐serving Bias

    Open Access•James A Shepperd, James Shepperd et al.•Social and Personality Psychology…•2008

  • Event System Theory

    Frederick P Morgeson, Terence R Mitchell et al.•Academy of Management Review•2015

  • Pathways for Positive Identity Construction at Work

    Jane E Dutton, Laura Morgan Roberts et al.•Academy of Management Review•2010

  • Narrating career, positioning identity

    Open Access•Kirsi LaPointe•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2010

  • Constructing Professional Identity

    Michael G Pratt, Kevin W Rockmann et al.•Academy of Management Journal•2006

  • Identification in Organizations

    Open Access•Blake E Ashforth, Stephen H Harrison et al.•Journal of Management•2008

  • Who Will Lead and Who Will Follow? A Social Process of Leadership Identity Construction in Organizations.

    D Scott DeRue, Susan J Ashford•Academy of Management Review•2010

  • Good Visions, Bad Micro-management and Ugly Ambiguity

    Open Access•Mats Alvesson, Stefan Sveningsson•Organization Studies•2003

  • Employability

    Open Access•Mel Fugate, Angelo J Kinicki et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2004

  • Interlevel Influences on the Reconstruction of Professional Role Identity

    Samia Chreim, Bill Williams et al.•Academy of Management Journal•2007

  • Sensemaking and sensegiving in strategic change initiation

    Open Access•Dennis A Gioia, Kumar Chittipeddi•Strategic Management Journal•1991

  • The Essential Impact of Context on Organizational Behavior

    Gerald Johns, Gary Johns•Academy of Management Review•2006

  • Changing Faces

    Laura Morgan Roberts•Academy of Management Review•2005

  • Future work selves

    Karoline Strau, Karoline Strauss et al.•Journal of Applied Psychology•2012

  • Proactivity during organizational entry

    Susan J Ashford, J Stewart Black•Journal of Applied Psychology•1996

  • Cross-Cultural Code-Switching

    Andrew Molinsky•Academy of Management Review•2007

  • A Review and Synthesis of Situational Strength in the Organizational Sciences

    Open Access•Rustin D Meyer, Reeshad S Dalal et al.•Journal of Management•2010

  • Engineering Selves

    Open Access•Jane Jorgenson•Management Communication Quarterly•2002

  • Reflections on the Looking Glass

    Susan J Ashford, S Ashford et al.•Journal of Management•2003

  • Identities and Identity Work in Organizations

    Open Access•Adalsteinn D Brown, Andrew D Brown•International Journal of…•2015

  • Being Regimented'

    Open Access•Thomas Thornborrow, Adalsteinn D Brown et al.•Organization Studies•2009

  • Identity as Narrative

    Herminia Ibarra, Roxana Barbulescu•Academy of Management Review•2010

  • Conceptions of Modern Psychiatry

    Harry Stack Sullivan•Psychiatry•1940

  • Identity Motives

    Vivian L Vignoles•Handbook of Identity Theory and…•2011

  • Integration of Social Identities in the Self

    Open Access•Catherine E Amiot, Roxane De La Sablonnière et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2007

  • Sensemaking in Organizations

    Sally Maitli, Sally Maitlis et al.•Academy of Management Annals•2014

  • Newcomer Information Seeking

    E W Morrison•Academy of Management Journal•1993

  • Identity Regulation as Organizational Control

    Open Access•Mats Alvesson, Hugh Willmott•Journal of Management Studies•2002

  • Self-Perception Theory

    Daryl J Bem•Advances in Experimental Social…•1972

  • Social identity and intergroup relations

    Dominic Abrams•APA Handbook of Personality and…•2015

  • Careers, identities, and institutions

    Open Access•Stephen R Barley•Handbook of Career Theory•1989

  • Uncertainty–Identity Theory

    Michael A Hogg•Advances in Experimental Social…•2007

  • Working the Past

    Charlotte Linde•Working the past•2009

  • Provisional Selves

    Open Access•Herminia Ibarra•Administrative Science Quarterly•1999

  • Resolving social conflicts and field theory in social science

    Kurt Lewin•Resolving social conflicts•1997

  • Identity Motives Underlying Desired and Feared Possible Future Selves

    Open Access•Vivian L Vignoles, Claudia Manzi et al.•Journal of Personality•2008

  • Processes of Identity Development

    Kate C Mclean, M Pasupathi•Identity•2012

  • Possible selves

    Hazel Rose Markus, Hazel Markus et al.•American Psychologist•1986

  • Identifying organizational identification as a basis for attitudes and behaviors

    Eun-Suk Lee, Eun‐Suk Lee et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2015

  • Newcomers' Future Work Selves, Perceived Supervisor Support, and Proactive Socialization in Chinese Organizations

    Open Access•Yanhong Zhang, Jianqiao Liao et al.•Social Behavior and Personality…•2014

  • Changing career and changing identity

    Open Access•Elaine Wilson, Rosemary Deaney•Social Psychology of Education•2010

  • Yaqui Voices

    Theresa Mague Sonnleitner•Bilingual Research Journal•1995

  • Engineering Identity

    Open Access•Deneen M Hatmaker•Gender Work and Organization•2012

  • Interpreting workplace identities

    Open Access•Kimberly D Elsbach•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2003

  • Reassessing the protean career concept

    Open Access•Martin Gubler, John Arnold et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2013

  • Technicians, clients, and professional authority

    Open Access•Asaf Darr, Mario Scarselletta•New Technology Work and Employment•2002

  • How does a newcomer construct identity? A socio‐cultural approach to workplace learning

    Gunnhild Blåka, Cathrine Filstad•International Journal of Lifelong…•2007

  • Beyond self-esteem

    Vivian L Vignoles, Camillo Regalia et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2006

  • Being yourself ’ in the electronic sweatshop

    Open Access•Peter Fleming, Andrew Sturdy•Human Relations•2011

  • Working identities? Antagonistic discursive resources and managerial identity

    Open Access•Caroline Clarke, Caroline A Clarke et al.•Human Relations•2009

  • Articulating identities

    Open Access•Sierk Ybema, Tom Keenoy et al.•Human Relations•2009

  • Liminality and the practices of identity reconstruction

    Open Access•Nie Beech, Nic Beech•Human Relations•2011

  • Group-based emotions as determinants of ingroup identification

    Open Access•Thomas Kessler, Susan Hollbach•Journal of Experimental Social…•2005

  • Social action as the control of affect

    Open Access•D R Heise•Systems Research and Behavioral…•1977

  • Narrative, life story and manager identity

    Open Access•Tony J Watson•Human Relations•2009

  • Close relationships as including other in the self

    Arthur Aron, Elaine N Aron et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1991

  • Culture and the distinctiveness motive

    Maja Becker, Vivian L Vignoles et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2012

  • Development and validation of ego-identity status

    James E Marcia•Journal of Personality and Social…•1966

  • Identities and Insecurities

    Open Access•David L Collinson, David Collinson•Organization•2003

  • Identity Matters

    Open Access•Mats Alvesson, Karen Lee Ashcraft et al.•Organization•2007

  • Who is this "We"? Levels of collective identity and self representations

    Marilynn B Brewer, Wendi Gardner et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1996

  • Identity Processes and Social Stress

    Peter J Burke•American Sociological Review•1991

  • The need to belong

    Roy F Baumeister, Mark R Leary•Psychological Bulletin•1995

  • Mind, Self, and Society

    George Herbert Mead, Charles W Morris•Mind, self, and society•1967

  • Central Life Interests

    Kristin G Esterberg, Robert Dubin•Social Forces•1994

  • From 'Swinging Hard' to 'Rocking Out

    Open Access•Geoffrey M Curran•Symbolic Interaction•1996

  • Actors in Search of a Character

    Open Access•Donileen R Loseke, Spencer E Cahill•Symbolic Interaction•1986

  • Shaping the Selves of Young Salespeople through Emotion Management

    Open Access•David Schweingruber, David S Schweingruber et al.•Journal of Contemporary Ethnography•2005

Unique citing works149
Citations per year14,9
Citation span2016 - 2026 (11)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 147

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae