A 21st Century Take on Racial-Ethnic Socialization
Patterns of Competency and Content among Diverse Parents of Color
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 5935357 |
|---|---|
| Authors | N Keita Christophe (0000-0003-1310-2236, Wake Forest University, corresponding author), Gabriela L Stein (0000-0002-7365-5169, University of North Carolina at Greensboro), Lisa Kiang (0000-0002-1129-0002, Wake Forest University), Natasha C Johnson (0000-0002-4475-7334, University of Michigan), C T Jones (0000-0001-7057-5860), Shawn C T Jones (0000-0002-0637-2388, Virginia Commonwealth University), Howard C Stevenson (0000-0001-8991-0059, University of Pennsylvania), Nkemka Anyiwo (0000-0002-8562-4204, University of Pennsylvania), Riana E Anderson (0000-0002-5645-1738, University of Michigan) |
| Year | 2022 |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 88 |
| Publication date | 2022-02-21 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Social Sciences (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2076-0760 • E-ISSN: 2076-0760 |
| Publisher | MDPI AG (PUBLISHER • IT) |
| DOI | 10.3390/socsci11020088 |
| OpenAlex | W4213088551 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 14 |
| References cited | 53 |
Racial-ethnic socialization is a process where parents pass beliefs and behaviors to their children, including critical reflections on race and racism. Currently, it is not well known across racial/ethnic groups in the U.S how parents' socialization competency (confidence, skills, and stress surrounding the delivery of racial-ethnic socialization) coalesces with the frequency with which they deliver different types of socialization messages (socialization content). The current study utilizes latent profile analysis to examine racial-ethnic socialization content and competency patterns among 203 Black, 194 Latinx, and 188 Asian American parents (n = 585, Mage = 44.46, SD = 9.14, 59.70% mothers) with children 10-18 years old (Mage = 14.30, SD = 2.49, 50.3% female). Furthermore, we relate profiles to sociodemographic and relevant factors posited to impact socialization competency and content delivery, namely, discrimination and critical consciousness dimensions (reflection, motivation, action). We observed three parental profiles: Less Prepared Stressed Low Frequency (LPSLF; n = 285), Prepared Low Stress Frequent (PLSF; n = 204), and Prepared Stressed Frequent (PSF; n = 96) socializers. Profile differences emerged on parental and youth sociodemographic factors, lifetime discrimination exposure, and each parental critical consciousness dimension. This study lays a foundation for the combined study of racial-ethnic socialization competence and content in diverse groups, a practice crucial to understanding 21st century parenting
Competence (human resources · Consciousness · Developmental psychology · Ethnic group · Racism · Socialization · Sociology · Early Childhood Education and Development · Gender Studies · Parental Involvement in Education · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social Psychology
Preparation for bias, racial‐ethnic socialization competency, and Latinx adolescent mental health
The talk and walk in Black families
Cascading effects of Chinese American parents' Covid-19 racial discrimination and racial socialization on adolescents' adjustment
The Interplay of Cultural Orientation and Discrimination in Asian American Parents’ Racial-Ethnic Socialization
Introduction to Special Issue “Parenting in the 21st Century”
Familial critical consciousness socialization
Ethnic‐racial socialization in mono‐racial Asian American and Pacific Islander families
Parenting in African American families
Patterns of Observed Dyadic Ethnic-Racial Socialization among Black and Latinx Families in Response to a Hypothetical Experience of Discrimination at School
Understanding the Relationship Between Direct and Vicarious Police Contact and “The Talk”
Parental Racial‐Ethnic Socialization and Competence in Asian Families
Navigating Racial Stress
Digitally Mediated Racial-Ethnic Socialization Among Black/African American Emerging Adults and Their Caregivers
From Protest to Child-Rearing
Race-related Socialization, Motivation, and Academic Achievement
Mapping the Intersections of Adolescents’ Ethnic-Racial Identity and Critical Consciousness
The Promise of Racial and Ethnic Protective Factors in Promoting Ethnic Minority Youth Development
Person-Oriented and Variable-Oriented Research
Sociocultural Influences on the Sociopolitical Development of African American Youth
Towards Culturally Relevant Preventive Interventions
Robustness of Stepwise Latent Class Modeling With Continuous Distal Outcomes
A Transactional/Ecological Perspective on Ethnic–Racial Identity, Socialization, and Discrimination
Familial racial-ethnic socialization of Multiracial American Youth
Development of the Short Critical Consciousness Scale (ShoCCS)
A systematic review of studies examining the relationship between reported racism and health and wellbeing for children and young people
Ethnic-Racial Socialization among Latinx Families
Parents' ethnic-racial socialization practices
Integrating Race, Racism, and Critical Consciousness in Black Parents' Engagement With Schools
Parental racial socialization profiles
Understanding the complexities of ethnic-racial socialization processes for both minority and majority groups
One talk at a time
Change and predictors of change in parental self-efficacy from early to middle adolescence
Neither colorblind nor oppositional
Considering Culturally Relevant Parenting Practices in Intervention Development and Adaptation
The initial development and validation of the Racial Socialization Competency Scale
Examining changes in African American mothers’ racial socialization patterns during adolescence
A person-centered analysis of ethnic–racial socialization patterns and their identity correlates in multiracial college students
Latent profiles of American and ethnic–racial identity in Latinx mothers and adolescents
Correlates of African American and Latino Parents' Messages to Children About Ethnicity and Race
Interrupting the Pathway From Discrimination to Black Adolescents’ Psychosocial Outcomes
Racial socialization practices among African American fathers
Ethnic–Racial Socialization Practices Among Latino Immigrant Families
Talking to Latino Children About Race, Inequality, and Discrimination
Where are you from? A validation of the Foreigner Objectification Scale and the psychological correlates of foreigner objectification among Asian Americans and Latinos
Development of an Asian American parental racial–ethnic socialization scale
Acculturation Conflict, Cultural Parenting Self‐Efficacy, and Perceived Parenting Competence in Asian American and Latino/a Families
Black Adolescents’ Critical Reflection Development
Differentiating competency from content
Profiles of Racial Socialization Among African American Parents
African American Fathers' Racial Socialization Patterns
Covid-19 anti-Asian racism
Recasting racial stress and trauma
Racial Socialization and Racial Identity
EMBRacing Racial Stress and Trauma
Critical consciousness
Ethnic and Racial Identity During Adolescence and Into Young Adulthood
Parenting Styles and Youth Well-Being Across Immigrant Generations
The Influence of the Trayvon Martin Shooting on Racial Socialization Practices of African American Parents
Parenting in the Shadow of Ferguson
Family Socialization and the Ethnic Identity of Mexican-American Children
Ethnic-Racial Socialization in the Family
Correlates in Children's Experiences of Parents' Racial Socialization Behaviors
| Unique citing works | 14 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3,5 |
| Citation span | 2022 - 2026 (5) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 13 |