Anxious uncertainty and reactive approach motivation (RAM)
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6201760 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Ian Mcgregor (0000-0002-2936-8883, York University), Kyle Nash (0000-0002-4628-1499, York University), Nikki Mann (York University), Curtis E Phills (0000-0003-2982-3046, York University) |
| Year | 2010 |
| Volume | 99 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 133-147 |
| Publication date | 2010-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/a0019701 |
| PMID | 20565191 |
| OpenAlex | W2134383601 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 78 |
| References cited | 85 |
In 4 experiments anxious uncertainty threats caused reactive approach motivation (RAM). In Studies 1 and 2, academic anxious uncertainty threats caused RAM as assessed by behavioral neuroscience and implicit measures of approach motivation. In Study 3 the effect of a relational anxious uncertainty threat on approach-motivated personal projects in participants' everyday lives was mediated by the idealism of those projects. In Study 4 the effect of a different relational anxious uncertainty threat on implicit approach motivation was heightened by manipulated salience of personal ideals. Results suggest a RAM account for idealistic and ideological reactions in the threat and defense literature. Speculative implications are suggested for understanding diverse social and clinical phenomena ranging from worldview defense, prejudice, and meaning making to narcissism, hypomania, and aggression
Aggression · Cognitive psychology · Narcissism · Prejudice (legal term) · Salience (neuroscience) · Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
The need to believe
Religion is the opiate of the masses (but science is the methadone)
The need to believe in conflicting propositions
Believing, belonging, meaning, and religious coping
Motivational and neural systems of religion
From “is” to “ought”
Dissonance and distress
Identity Fusion and Status of the Evaluator as Moderators of Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification at the Group Level of Self-Description
Compensatory control and the appeal of a structured world
Uncertainty and the Roots of Extremism
Implicitly imprinting the past on the present
In defense of commitment
Mental simulation and meaning in life
Multicultural experiences reduce intergroup bias through epistemic unfreezing
Belief in a just God (and a just society)
Psychological entropy
How Power Affects People
Threat and Defense
Wisdom in Context
Understanding all inconsistency compensation as a palliative response to violated expectations
Mechanisms of Identity Conflict
The Relationship Between Uncertainty and Affect
The Five “A”s of Meaning Maintenance
The Social Distance Theory of Power
The Regulation of Personal Security
Insights into the antecedents of cyberchondria
Seeking Others’ Sounds
Exploring the adaptive role of core social motives in perceived societal threats
The reinforcement sensitivity theory affects questionnaire (RST-AQ). A validation study of a new scale targeting affects related to anxiety, approach motivation and fear
Self-controlled responses to Covid-19
Donate to charities or get a refund of canceled event tickets
You Don’t Care for me, So What’s the Point for me to Care for Your Business? Negative Implications of Felt Neglect by the Employer for Employee Work Meaning and Citizenship Behaviors Amid the Covid-19 Pandemic
Reactive Risk-Taking
Low Self-Concept Clarity Inhibits Self-Control
From Freud to Android
Experienced Adversity in Life Is Associated With Polarized and Affirmed Political Attitudes
Leading and Working From Home in Times of Covid-19
Undesirable effects of threatening climate change information
Who do they think they are?”
A neurocognitive model of ideological thinking
Too Afraid to Act? How CEO Political Ideological Divergence Influences Environmental Innovation
Intellectual Arrogance and Intellectual Humility
On the perpetuation of ignorance
Threat and defense as goal regulation
What breeds conspiracy antisemitism? The role of political uncontrollability and uncertainty in the belief in Jewish conspiracy
Reactive approach motivation (RAM) for religion
Is dissonance reduction a special case of fluid compensation? Evidence that dissonant cognitions cause compensatory affirmation and abstraction
Why bother? Death, failure, and fatalistic withdrawal from life
Combating the sting of rejection with the pleasure of revenge
Religious magnanimity
Fluid compensation following threats to self-concept clarity
Uncertainty Threat and Inhibition of Compensatory Behaviors
Change, yes ‘we’ can
Assessing the Motivational Dimensional Model of emotion–cognition interaction
Existential neuroscience
Psychometric evaluation of the Financial Threat Scale (FTS) in the context of the great recession
When being far away is good
Going to political extremes in response to boredom
Participation, Engagement and Change
Children Speaking against Home Arrest
Anxious Uncertainty and Reactive Approach Motivation (RAM) for Religious, Idealistic, and Lifestyle Extremes
A Raw Deal
How do we get people into contact? Predictors of intergroup contact and drivers of contact seeking
Evidence for the specificity of control motivations in worldview defense
Empirical test of a general process model of threat and defense
Loss of control stimulates approach motivation
Agency through hierarchy? A group-based account of increased approval of social hierarchies under conditions of threatened control
Hate and meaning in life
Fearing the uncertain
Personal conflict impairs performance on an unrelated self-control task
Higher power dynamics
The social pain of Cyberball
Revisiting embodied approach and avoidance effects on behavior
The Uncertainty Paradox
The Affective Regulation of Uncertainty
Explaining public support for violence against politicians during conflict
Making and Unmaking Prejudice
Helpful Hopefulness
Frustration and aggression.
On the Self-Regulation of Behavior
Cognitive dissonance
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
The Scrooge Effect
A theory of goal systems
Is there a universal need for positive self-regard?
Terror Management Theory of Self-Esteem and Cultural Worldviews
Self-Affirmation and Mortality Salience
Mortality Salience Increases Adherence to Salient Norms and Values
Making Sense of Life
Power and Perspectives Not Taken
Relation of threatened egotism to violence and aggression
Making a Life Worth Living
A dual-process model of defense against conscious and unconscious death-related thoughts
Précis of The neuropsychology of anxiety
Consequences of commitment to and disengagement from incentives.
The Meaning Maintenance Model
Approach-Motivated Positive Affect Reduces Breadth of Attention
Neurocognitive correlates of liberalism and conservatism
Personal Projects
On the Confluence of Self-Esteem Maintenance Mechanisms
Unraveling the Paradoxes of Narcissism
Does High Self-Esteem Cause Better Performance, Interpersonal Success, Happiness, or Healthier Lifestyles?
A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology.
The Psychology of Self-Affirmation
Uncertainty–Identity Theory
The Psychology of Self‐defense
Basic Personality Dispositions, Self‐Esteem, and Personal Goals
The mask of zeal
Why Do People Need Self-Esteem? A Theoretical and Empirical Review
A Narcissistic Personality Inventory
Exploring Implicit Partisanship
Attachment, Self-Esteem, Worldviews, and Terror Management
Effects of Motivational Cues on Perceptual Asymmetry
Prejudice as self-image maintenance
Motivation by positive or negative role models
Dissonance and the pill
"Unlearning" automatic biases
Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment
Can ingroup affirmation relieve outgroup derogation
Threat, high self-esteem, and reactive approach-motivation
Immediate and delayed effects of causal uncertainty inductions on uncertainty accessibility
Does peace have a prayer? The effect of mortality salience, compassionate values, and religious fundamentalism on hostility toward out-groups
Power affects basic cognition
An enquiry concerning the principles of cultural norms and values
The protective identity
Implicit regulatory focus associated with asymmetrical frontal cortical activity
Approaching math increases math=me and math=pleasant
It's the thought that counts
The Structure of Goal Contents Across 15 Cultures
Proneness to hypomania/mania symptoms or depression symptoms and asymmetrical frontal cortical responses to an anger-evoking event
Behavior
Secure and Defensive High Self-Esteem
Reactive approach motivation (RAM) for religion
Thinking and caring about cognitive inconsistency
Math = male, me = female, therefore math ≠ me
Exploring the psychological underpinnings of the moral mandate effect
A Function of Form
Life tasks, self-concept ideals, and cognitive strategies in a life transition
Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being
Establishing a causal chain
Ideal versus ought predilections for approach and avoidance distinct self-regulatory systems
Compensatory conviction in the face of personal uncertainty
"The "self digest
Implicit partisanship
Forgetting all else
Defensive Zeal and the Uncertain Self
The automated will
Perceived life satisfaction and the organization of personal project systems
The Pleasures of Uncertainty
Focus theory of normative conduct and terror-management theory
Stereotypes and terror management
When self-presentation is constrained by the target's knowledge
Effects of mindset on positive illusions
Social exclusion decreases prosocial behavior
Left frontal cortical activation and spreading of alternatives
Defensive pride and consensus
Terror management theory and self-esteem revisited
"Does social exclusion motivate interpersonal reconnection? Resolving the "porcupine problem
The meaning in life questionnaire
Anger is an approach-related affect
Political conservatism as motivated social cognition
A Global Measure of Perceived Stress
| Unique citing works | 78 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 4,88 |
| Citation span | 2010 - 2026 (17) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 64 |