Reassertion and giving up
The interactive role of self-directed attention and outcome expectancy
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6203494 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Charles S Carver (0000-0002-3688-8545, University of Miami, corresponding author), Paul H Blaney, Michael F Scheier (0000-0003-1005-3598) |
| Year | 1979 |
| Volume | 37 |
| Issue | 10 |
| Pages | 1859-1870 |
| Publication date | 1979-10-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037//0022-3514.37.10.1859 |
| OpenAlex | W4230271463 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 62 |
| References cited | 27 |
Cognitive psychology · Developmental psychology · Expectancy theory · Outcome (game theory · Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology · Creativity in Education and Neuroscience · Identity, Memory, and Therapy · Psychology · Social Psychology
Expectations influence how emotions shape behavior
An Interactive Model for the Emergence of Gender Differences in Depression in Adolescence
Self-defeating behavior patterns among normal individuals
Control theory
Excuses
Control theory interpretation of psychological mechanisms of depression
On the relationship between self-focused attention and psychological disorder
Self-regulatory perseveration and the depressive self-focusing style
Psychological perspectives on the Type A behavior pattern
Dynamics of multiple-goal pursuit
Depletion suspends the comparator mechanism in monitoring
Persistence following failure
Affect and adult self-regulation
Response styles and the duration of episodes of depressed mood.
Achievement motivation
Origins and functions of positive and negative affect
Dispositional Optimism and Coping
Contingencies of self-worth.
Measuring Outcome Expectancy Value of Leisure-Time Physical Activity for African Americans
Distinguishing between Grit, Persistence, and Perseverance for Learning Mathematics with Understanding
Enhancing knowledge sharing in high-tech firms
The Persistence Process
Person‐based reward systems
Prejudice with and without compunction
Depression and preference for self-focusing stimuli after success and failure
Psychological determinants of health and performance
A cybernetic model of self-attention processes
Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans
The effects of self-esteem, success–failure, and self-consciousness on task performance
Self-regulation of prejudiced responses
Effects of failure on subsequent performance
Activating stereotypes undermines task performance expectations
Personal helplessness and action control
Effort or Escape
Trying and Quitting
The Effects of Success versus Failure Feedback on Further Self-Control
Objective Self-Awareness Theory
Possible Selves and Performance
Bidirectional‐Compounding Effects of Rumination and Negative Emotion in Predicting Impulsive Behavior
Dispositional Optimism and Physical Well‐Being
On knowing when to quit
Hope and Optimism
Transference in Interpersonal Relations
A review of paradoxical performance effects
Optimism and resources
Evidence for a depressive self-focusing style
Self-esteem and reactions to negative feedback
Self-consciousness, outcome expectancy, and persistence
Learned helplessness, reactance, and cue utilization
Avoiding and seeking self-focused attention
Encountering an Alien Culture
Possible Selves in Balance
Self-directed attention and the comparison of self with standards
Anticipating undesired outcomes
The self-attention-induced feedback loop and social facilitation
Outcome expectancy, locus of attribution for expectancy, and self-directed attention as determinants of evaluations and performance
Cognitive-Affective States Predict Military and Political Aggression and Risk Taking
Divergent consequences of success and failure in Japan and North America
The Costly Pursuit of Self-Esteem
Responses to Uncontrollable Outcomes
Self-Perception Theory
Public and private self-consciousness
Learned helplessness in humans
Objective self‐awareness as a nonaversive state
Discrepancy reduction or attempted distraction? A reply to Liebling, Seiler, and Shaver
Reactions to objective self-awareness
The relationship of moral judgment, self-awareness, and sex to complicance behavior
Self-consciousness, self-awareness, and self-attribution
Focus of attention, chronic expectancy, and responses to a feared stimulus
Self-awarenesss and transgression in children
Attributional mediators of learned helplessness
Facilitation of physical aggression through objective self-awareness
Effects of objective self-awareness on attribution of causality
Objective self-awareness, standards of evaluation, and moral behavior
Physical aggression as a function of objective self-awareness and attitudes toward punishment
Self-awareness and physical aggression
An analysis of learned helplessness
Generality of learned helplessness in man
Self-directed attention, awareness of bodily states, and suggestibility
The effects of self-esteem, success–failure, and self-consciousness on task performance
Self-focusing effects of dispositional self-consciousness, mirror presence, and audience presence
A cybernetic model of self-attention processes
Effects of noncontingent reinforcement on tasks of differing importance
Attribution of responsibility and valence of outcome in relation to initial confidence and success and failure of self and other
The relationship of persistence at a task to expectation of success and achievement related motives
| Unique citing works | 59 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,32 |
| Citation span | 1979 - 2023 (45) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 49 |