Rising to the Top
Gender, Political Performance, and Party Leadership in Parliamentary Democracies
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6232128 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Diana Z O’brien (0000-0003-3578-1321, Indiana University, corresponding author), Diana Z O''Brien, Diana Z O'Brien (Indiana University) |
| Year | 2015 |
| Volume | 59 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 1022-1039 |
| Publication date | 2015-10-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Journal of Political Science (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0092-5853 • E-ISSN: 1540-5907 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1111/ajps.12173 |
| OpenAlex | W1547721553 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 182 |
| References cited | 71 |
Party leaders are the main actors controlling campaign strategies, policy agendas, and government formation in advanced parliamentary democracies. Little is known, however, about gender and party leadership. This article examines gendered leadership patterns across 71 political parties in 11 parliamentary democracies between 1965 and 2013. It shows that men and women have different access to, and experiences in, party leadership and that these gendered political opportunity structures are shaped by parties' political performances. Women are more likely to initially come to power in minor opposition parties and those that are losing seat share. Once selected for the position, female leaders are more likely to retain office when their parties gain seats, but they are also more likely to leave the post when faced with an unfavorable trajectory. Together, these results demonstrate that prospective female leaders are playing by a different (and often more demanding) set of rules than their male counterparts
Business · Government (linguistics · Opposition (politics · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Position (finance · Power (physics · Public relations · Sociology · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Gender Diversity and Inequality · Gender Politics and Representation · Law · Public Administration · Social Media and Politics
Left Behind or Left In? Party Ideology and the Gender Gap in Candidate Persistence
The personal efficacy of party youth wing members
The Dynamics and Complexities of Voter Choices in Ghana
All politics is local
Participation, Recruitment, and Representation
Apresentação do Dossiê
Die Wahl von Bürgermeister_innen in Deutschland – Ursachen der Unterrepräsentanz von Frauen
Who Gets to Lead? Organizational Structures and Women’s Leadership in Latin American Parties
Gendered leadership during the Covid-19 pandemic
Gender quotas and the selection of local politicians
Does women's political empowerment matter in military spending
More social, less material, more influenced by family ties
Do Lawyers Get More Votes
Cuando hacer política te cuesta la vida. Estrategias contra la violencia política hacia las mujeres en América Latina
Gender, Political Orientation, and Public Reactions to Ministerial Comebacks after Scandals
Varieties of capital and gender party office in Italy
Does the perceived prestige of a political office affect support for women candidates
The stabilizing effect of elected women and political seniority
Competencias de liderazgo de mujeres dirigentes nacionales de partido en México
Gender bias in political candidate evaluation among voters
Female leader popularity and the vote, 1996–2016
Taking bread off the table
Gender and Opposition Leadership in the Pacific Islands
Parliamentary Women Opposition Leaders
Adverse Contagion? Populist Radical Right Parties and Norms on Gender Balance in Political Institutions
Party competition, gender quotas, and enhanced inclusiveness in the selection of vice-presidential candidates
The limits of leaning in
The blame game
Sex and corruption
Equal playing field? On the intersection between gender and being young in the Swedish Parliament
A visual analysis of gender stereotypes in campaign advertising
Less power, more gender legislation
Apprentices or outsiders? Age-driven heterogeneities in access to political capital and reelection
Spillover effects of quota or parity laws
Developments in gender and U.S. politics
The Conservative Party’s leadership election of 2016
Gender and the Reelection of Democratic Leaders
Reclaiming party politics research
Women or Leaders? Practices of Narrating the United Nations as a Gendered Institution
The Queens’ gambit
Opening the gates, keeping the guards
Leaders or parties? Practices of candidate selection in Western Europe
Can Personal Parties Facilitate Women’s Political Seniority? A Study of Internal Rules of Conduct
Enhancing Evaluations of Female Politicians’ Suitability for the Foreign Affairs Portfolio
Campaigning on the welfare state
Gender and the Collegial Face of Executive Politics
Female combatants and rebel group behaviour
How women’s incumbency affects future elections
Why can’t a woman be more like a man? Female leaders in crisis bargaining
How gender shapes the experience of running for office
Can women take the floor in parliament? Evidence from the Spanish lower chamber
All the “Missing” ladies
Female politicians and corruption in rural India
El camino hacia los gabinetes ministeriales
Ending in Failure? The Performance of ‘Takeover’ Prime Ministers 1916–2016
Gender quota, and intersectional presence and power
Hidden Majoritarianism and Women’s Career Progression in Proportional Representation Systems
To the surprise of absolutely no one
Do European media ignore female politicians? A comparative analysis of MP visibility
Political Party Characteristics and Women’s Representation
Prime ministerial careers in the European Union
Pursuing ‘full gender equality’ in the European Commission
Gendered News Coverage and Women as Heads of Government
Will Women’s Representation Reduce Bribery? Trends in Corruption and Public Service Delivery Across European Regions
Party organization and gender in European elections
Do young female candidates face double barriers or an outgroup advantage? The case of the European Parliament
Mapping the International Supply and Demand Side of Women’s Political Leadership in Crises
Gender Bias in Legislative Oversight
Gendered political resources
Let’s Work Together
Gendered leadership and political structures
The gender gap in policy responsiveness in Spain
Competent and influential
The effect of candidate electoral experience on ballot placement in list proportional representation systems
Women and Local Politics
Strengthening the Party, Weakening the Women
Women Who Win but Do Not Rule
Empowering Women? Gender Quotas and Women’s Political Careers
Culture, Capital, and the Political Economy Gender Gap
Language Influences Public Attitudes toward Gender Equality
Women’s Advancement in Politics
Gender Quotas, Women’s Representation, and Legislative Diversity
Shifting Standards
Making Space for Women
Women Running for Office Are Less Risk Averse than Men
Breaking the Judicial Glass Ceiling
Do Women Pay a Higher Price for Power? Gender Bias in Political Violence in Sweden
What’s on a Party Member’s Mind? Voting Motives in Competitive Party Leadership Elections
Whose Upward Mobility
The Rise of Women Vice-Presidential Candidates in Latin America
Before Prime Minister
Who Gets to Speak? How Institutions and Political Careers Shape Gender Bias in South Africa’s Parliamentary Debates
A Gender Gap in Party Congruence and Responsiveness
Righting” Conventional Wisdom
Gender and Political Seniority
Political Accountability, Legislator Gender, and the Status Quo Bias
Letting Down the Ladder or Shutting the Door
What Explains Low Female Political Representation? Evidence from Survey Experiments in Japan
Gender Differences in Negative Campaigning
A Trailblazer or a Barrier? Dynastic Politics and Symbolic Representation of the First Female President of South Korea, Park Geun-hye
Cracking the Highest Glass Ceiling
The Selection of Political Party Leaders in Contemporary Parliamentary Democracies
Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies
Women and Politics
Politics at the Centre
Mapping Policy Preferences ii
Shattered, Cracked, or Firmly Intact?
Platform or Personality?
Where Women Run
Female Leadership Raises Aspirations and Educational Attainment for Girls
The Personalization of Politics
Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders.
Women in Executive Power
Party Discipline and Parliamentary Government
It Still Takes A Candidate
Powerful Women
When do outsiders break in? Institutional circumstances of party leadership victories by women in Canada
Democratic Mobilisation through Quotas
Politics and the Glass Cliff
Toeing the Lines
Toeing the Lines
Democracy and dictatorship revisited
Gender Bias and Selection Bias in House Elections
Gender, Status, and Leadership
Left-Libertarian Parties
Women in the Legislatures and Executives of the World
Performance, leadership, factions and party change
An Integrated Model of Women's Representation
Representing Women
The (Un)Importance of Party Leaders
All the President’s Men? The Appointment of Female Cabinet Ministers Worldwide
Political Parties and the Adoption of Candidate Gender Quotas
See Jane Run
Women Who Win
Sex, Survival, and Scandal
Chancellor Angela Merkel—A Sign of Hope or the Exception That Proves the Rule
Gender and Legislative Preferences
Women Rule
Why Are Gender Quotas Adopted? Party Pragmatism and Parity in France
Informal Influences in Selecting Female Political Candidates
Getting to the Top
Gender and Political Party Leadership in Canada
Who selects the party leader
Women, parties and platforms in post-industrial democracies
Preaching to the Converted
Intra-party democracy, political performance and the survival of party leaders
The duration and durability of cabinet ministers
Beyond Hillary and Benazir
An Integrated Theory of Party Goals and Party Change
The Art of Handing Over
Women in German Politics
Political parties in parliamentary democracies
The Glass Ceiling in Politics
Engendering” Politics
The Politics of Party Leader Survival and Succession
"Voting for Women in the "Year of the Woman
A Behavioral Theory of Competitive Political Parties
Women Ministers in Latin American Government
Leading by Example
If Winning Isn't Everything, Why Do They Keep Score? Consequences of Electoral Performance for Party Leaders
The Length of Ministerial Tenure in the United Kingdom, 1945–97
Changing Models of Party Organization and Party Democracy
Gender and the evaluation of leaders
Democratization of party leadership selection
Pathways to Power
| Unique citing works | 182 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 16,55 |
| Citation span | 2015 - 2026 (12) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 179 |