Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Repression Works (Just Not in Moderation)

Bibliographic Data

ID6246769
AuthorsYuri M Zhukov (0000-0003-0436-0209, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, corresponding author)
Year2023
Volume56
Issue11
Pages1663-1694
Publication date2023-09-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueComparative Political Studies (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0010-4140 • E-ISSN: 1552-3829
PublisherSAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1177/00104140231152778
OpenAlexW4317811851
LanguageEN
Citations received15
References cited59

Why does government violence deter political challengers in one context but inflame them in the next? This paper argues that repression increases opposition activity at low and moderate levels but decreases it in the extreme. There is a threshold level of violence, where the opposition becomes unable to recruit new members, and the rebellion unravels—even if the government kills more innocents. We find empirical support for this proposition in disaggregated data from Chechnya and a meta-analysis of sub-national conflict dynamics in 71 countries. The data suggest that a threshold exists, but the level of violence needed to reach it varies. Many governments, thankfully, are unable or unwilling to go that far. We explore conditions under which this threshold may be higher or lower and highlight a fundamental trade-off between reducing government violence and preserving civil liberties

Civil liberties · Context (archaeology · Economics · Geography · Government (linguistics · Law and economics · Moderation · Opposition (politics · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Proposition · Economic Sanctions and International Relations · Law · Political Conflict and Governance · Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East · Psychology · Social Psychology

  • The Road to Repression

    José Kaire•The Road to Repression•2025

  • The inefficiency of moderate political coercion

    Open Access•Øivind Schøyen, Espen Sirnes et al.•Public Choice•2026

  • Loose bricks in the wall

    Open Access•Olga Tcaci•Public Choice•2026

  • Only a Moment in Time? The Changing Effectiveness of Mass Mobilization on Transitions to Democracy

    Open Access•Marianne Dahl, Kristian Skrede Gleditsch et al.•Comparative Political Studies•2026

  • From killing many to targeting few

    Open Access•S C Li, Shaka Y J Li•Japanese Journal of Political…•2026

  • Riding the Tide

    Open Access•Hansol Kwak•Social Science Computer Review•2025

  • Thinking (about peace science) in time

    Open Access•Erica Chenoweth•Conflict Management and Peace…•2025

  • The forgotten protest dynamics

    Open Access•Deren Onursal•International Political Science…•2026

  • Exposure to protests and support for different forms of violence

    Open Access•Sebastián Rivera, Fernando Severino et al.•Research & Politics•2025

  • When repression surprises

    Open Access•Hansol Kwak•Research & Politics•2025

  • The Punisher’s Dilemma

    Bruce Bueno De Mesquita, David P Myatt et al.•The Journal of Politics•2024

  • Repression Works (Just Not in Moderation)

    Open Access•Yuri M Zhukov•Comparative Political Studies•2023

  • The Repression-Dissent Nexus in High-Threat Environments

    Open Access•Vlad Surdea-Hernea, Aurelian-Petruș Plopeanu•Comparative Political Studies•2025

  • Censorship and the Impact of Repression on Dissent

    Open Access•Grigore Pop-Eleches, Grigore Pop‐eleche et al.•American Journal of Political…•2023

  • Repression and Dissent in Moments of Uncertainty

    Open Access•Adrienne Lebas, Lauren E Young•American Political Science Review•2024

  • From mobilization to revolution

    Charles Tilly•From mobilization to revolution•1978

  • Marginal Structural Models and Causal Inference in Epidemiology

    James M Robins, Miguel A Hernán et al.•Epidemiology•2000

  • The role of the propensity score in estimating dose-response functions

    Guido W Imbens, G Imbens•Biometrika•2000

  • The Propensity Score with Continuous Treatments

    Open Access•Keisuke Hirano, Guido W Imbens•Wiley Series in Probability and…•2004

  • Covariate balancing propensity score for a continuous treatment

    Celeste Fong, Christian Fong et al.•The Annals of Applied Statistics•2018

  • The Utility of Force

    Rupert Smith•The Utility of Force•2007

  • How Social Movements Die

    Open Access•Christian Davenport, Christian A Davenport•How Social Movements Die•2014

  • Greed and grievance in civil war

    Paul Collier•Oxford Economic Papers•2004

  • Power in Numbers

    James Denardo•Power in Numbers•1985

  • The Logic of Violence in Civil War

    Open Access•Stathis N Kalyva, Stathis N Kalyvas•Logic of Violence in Civil War•2006

  • State Capacity, Democracy, and the Violation of Personal Integrity Rights

    Joseph K Young•Journal of Human Rights•2009

  • Repression and popular collective action

    Open Access•Marwan Khawaja•Sociological Forum•1993

  • Means, Motives and Opportunities in Ethno-Nationalist Mobilization

    Gregory D Saxton, Gregory Saxton et al.•International Interactions•2008

  • Social Conflict in Africa

    Idean Salehyan, Cullen S Hendrix et al.•International Interactions•2012

  • Insurgency, counterinsurgency, and the rational peasant

    Open Access•T David Mason•Public Choice•1996

  • Counter-Insurgency Warfare

    David T Cattell, John S Pustay•The Western Political Quarterly•1965

  • Journal of Peace Research

    Open Access•Nils Petter Gleditsch•Journal of Peace Research•1989

  • The Diffusion of Regime Contention in European Democratization, 1830-1940

    Open Access•K Weyland•Comparative Political Studies•2010

  • Fighting Fire with Fire? How (Not) to Neutralize an Insurgency

    Michael G Findley, Joseph K Young•Civil Wars•2007

  • How “Free” is Free Riding in Civil Wars

    Open Access•Stathis N Kalyva, Stathis N Kalyvas et al.•World Politics•2007

  • The Agency Problem Underlying Repression

    Scott A Tyson•The Journal of Politics•2018

  • Does Peace Nurture Democracy

    Dan Reiter•The Journal of Politics•2001

  • When Does Repression Work? Collective Action in Social Networks

    David A Siegel•The Journal of Politics•2011

  • Treaties, Tenure, and Torture

    Courtenay R Conrad, Emily Hencken Ritter•The Journal of Politics•2013

  • Structure and Example in Modular Political Phenomena

    Mark R Beissinger•Perspectives on Politics•2007

  • The Relationship between Coercion and Protest

    Open Access•Ronald A Francisco, Ronald Α Francisco•Journal of Conflict Resolution•1995

  • Deterrence or Escalation

    Open Access•Mark Lichbach, Mark Irving Lichbach•Journal of Conflict Resolution•1987

  • Policy Disputes, Political Survival, and the Onset and Severity of State Repression

    Open Access•Emily Hencken Ritter•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2014

  • Do Working Men Rebel? Insurgency and Unemployment in Afghanistan, Iraq, and the Philippines

    Open Access•Eli Berman, Michael Callen et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2011

  • Does Indiscriminate Violence Incite Insurgent Attacks

    Open Access•James Lyall, Jason Lyall•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2009

  • Rivalry and Revenge

    Open Access•Laia Bacell I Ventura, Laia Balcells•International Studies Quarterly•2010

  • The Political Economy of Death Squads

    T David Mason, Dale Krane et al.•International Studies Quarterly•1989

  • Rationalist explanations for war

    Open Access•James D Fearon•International Organization•1995

  • War as a Commitment Problem

    Robert Powell•International Organization•2006

  • Repression Works (Just Not in Moderation)

    Open Access•Yuri M Zhukov•Comparative Political Studies•2023

  • War, Revolution, and the Growth of the Coercive State

    Open Access•Ted Robert Gurr•Comparative Political Studies•1988

  • Forecasting Internal Conflict

    Open Access•Ted Robert Gurr, Mark Lichbach et al.•Comparative Political Studies•1986

  • The Democratic Peace and a Sequential, Reciprocal, Causal Arrow Hypothesis

    Open Access•Karen Rasler, William R Thompson•Comparative Political Studies•2004

  • How International Actors Help Enforce Domestic Deals

    Open Access•Aila M Matanock•Annual Review of Political Science•2020

  • Treaty Compliance and Violation

    Beth Simmons, Beth A Simmons•Annual Review of Political Science•2010

  • Legislative Veto Players and the Effects of International Human Rights Agreements

    Open Access•Yonatan Lupu•American Journal of Political…•2015

  • Settled Borders and Regime Type

    Open Access•Douglas M Gibler, Jaroslav Tir•American Journal of Political…•2010

  • State Repression and Political Order

    Christian Davenport•Annual Review of Political Science•2007

  • Concessions, Repression, and Political Protest in the Iranian Revolution

    Karen Rasler•American Sociological Review•1996

  • Introducing the UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset

    Open Access•Ralph Sundberg, Erik Melander•Journal of Peace Research•2013

  • Introducing xSub

    Open Access•Yuri M Zhukov, Christian Davenport et al.•Journal of Peace Research•2019

  • Democracy and armed conflict

    Open Access•Håvard Hegre•Journal of Peace Research•2014

  • Introducing Acled

    Open Access•Clionadh Raleigh, Andrew M Linke et al.•Journal of Peace Research•2010

  • Toward a Democratic Civil Peace? Democracy, Political Change, and Civil War, 1816-1992

    Open Access•Håvard Hegre•American Political Science Review•2001

  • Are Coethnics More Effective Counterinsurgents? Evidence from the Second Chechen War

    Open Access•James Lyall, Jason Lyall•American Political Science Review•2010

  • Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War

    James D Fearon, David D Laitin•American Political Science Review•2003

  • Inequality and Insurgency

    Open Access•Edward N Muller, M A Seligson•American Political Science Review•1987

  • Islamists and Nationalists

    Open Access•Monica Duffy Toft, Yuri M Zhukov•American Political Science Review•2015

  • Political Instability in Latin America

    Open Access•D P Bwy, Douglas Bwy•Latin American Research Review•1968

  • Repression, Micromobilization, and Political Protest

    K D Opp, Karl-Dieter Opp et al.•Social Forces•1990

Unique citing works15
Citations per year5
Citation span2023 - 2026 (4)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 15

Tools

Open DOI
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae