Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Terrorist Group Cooperation and Longevity

Bibliographic Data

ID6274604
AuthorsBarbara J Phillips (0000-0002-9812-4030, Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas, corresponding author), Brian J Phillips (Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas)
Year2014
Volume58
Issue2
Pages336-347
Publication date2014-06-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueInternational Studies Quarterly (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0020-8833 • E-ISSN: 1468-2478
PublisherOxford University Press (OUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1111/isqu.12073
OpenAlexW3126144894
LanguageEN
Citations received53
References cited59

Why do some terrorist groups survive considerably longer than others? The literature is just beginning to address this important question in a systematic manner. Additionally, and as with most studies of terrorism, longevity studies have ignored the possibility of interactions between terrorist groups. This article attempts to address these two gaps in the literature: the incomplete understanding of terrorist group survival and the tendency to assume that terrorist groups act independently. In spite of risks associated with cooperation, I argue that it should help involved terrorist groups mitigate mobilization concerns. More importantly, the impact of cooperation is conditioned by attributes of the country in which a terrorist group operates. Using new global data on terrorist groups between 1987 and 2005, I show that cooperation has the strongest effect on longevity in states where groups should have a harder time operating—more capable states and less democratic states. Interestingly, a group's number of relationships is more important than to whom the group is connected

Criminology · Democracy · Development economics · Economics · Group (periodic table · Longevity · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Sociology · Terrorism · Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance · Law · Medicine · Political Conflict and Governance · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence · Gerontology

  • Do Non-State Armed Groups Influence Each Other in Attack Timing and Frequency? Generating, Analyzing, and Comparing Empirical Data and Simulation

    Open Access•Simone Cremaschi, Baris Kirdemir et al.•Computational Conflict Research•2020

  • The North Caucasus

    Elena Pokalova•Small Wars and Insurgencies•2017

  • Do 90 Percent of Terrorist Groups Last Less than a Year? Updating the Conventional Wisdom

    Barbara J Phillips, Brian J Phillips•Terrorism and Political Violence•2019

  • Dogs and Cats Living Together? Explaining the Crime-Terror Nexus

    Open Access•Barbara J Phillips, Alexander Schiele•Terrorism and Political Violence•2024

  • Monsters to Destroy

    Navin A Bapat•Monsters to Destroy•2020

  • What We Have Learned about Terrorism since 9/11

    Khusrav Gaibulloev, Tod Sandler et al.•Journal of Economic Literature•2019

  • A principal–agent theory and network analysis of high-end cooperation among militant groups

    Open Access•Ilayda B Onder•Political Science Research and…•2026

  • Power Distribution in the Networks of Terrorist Groups

    Open Access•Fuad Aleskerov, Irina Gavrilenkova et al.•Group Decision and Negotiation•2020

  • Terrorist Inter-Group Cooperation and Terror Activity

    Open Access•Aditya Bhan, Tarun Kabiraj•Group Decision and Negotiation•2020

  • How do the factors determining terrorist groups’ longevity differ from those affecting their success

    Open Access•Khusrav Gaibulloev, Dongfang Hou et al.•European Journal of Political…•2020

  • Michael D. Ward (1948–2021) and the road to space, networks and geography

    Open Access•Kristian Skrede Gleditsch, John O''Loughlin et al.•Political Geography•2023

  • What Explains Counterterrorism Effectiveness? Evidence from the U.S. Drone War in Pakistan

    Asfandyar Mir•International Security•2018

  • An empirical analysis of alternative ways that terrorist groups end

    Open Access•Khusrav Gaibulloev, Tod Sandler et al.•Public Choice•2014

  • Marked Targets

    Colton Heffington•Journal of Global Security Studies•2017

  • The Strategic Logic of Large Militant Alliance Networks

    Open Access•Christopher W Blair, Philip B K Potter•Journal of Global Security Studies•2022

  • Predictors of successful terrorism incidents

    Mustafa Demir, Abdurrahim Güler et al.•Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism…•2022

  • Fighting for survival

    Mustafa Kirisci•Critical Studies on Terrorism•2020

  • Unite against the parasites’

    Ariel Koch•Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict•2025

  • Why do some terrorist campaigns escalate to civil wars but others do not

    Ibrahim Kocaman, Isa Haskologlu et al.•Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict•2023

  • Understanding the resurgence of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan

    Open Access•Shahzad Akhtar, Zahid Shahab Ahmed•Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict•2023

  • Rethinking Intersections of Crime and Terrorism

    Open Access•Mariya Y Omelicheva, Lawrence P Markowitz•International Studies Review•2021

  • A Relational Theory of Jihadist Affiliate Behaviour

    Sedef A Topal•Civil Wars•2024

  • Terrorist Group Rivalries and Alliances

    Barbara J Phillips•Studies in Conflict and Terrorism•2018

  • The trials and travails of the Islamic State in Pakistan

    Justin V Hastings, Farah Naz•Australian Journal Of International…•2017

  • Organizational context matters

    Open Access•Yasutaka Tominaga•Conflict Management and Peace…•2019

  • Media effects

    Open Access•Victor Asal, Aaron M Hoffman•Conflict Management and Peace…•2015

  • Protestors, terrorists or something else? How to think about dissident groups

    Open Access•Joseph K Young, Steve Shellman•Conflict Management and Peace…•2019

  • Strategic rebels

    Nils W Metternich, Julian Wucherpfennig•International Interactions•2020

  • Once more, with feeling

    Kevin Greene, Caleb Lucas•International Interactions•2019

  • The old terrorism

    Joshua Tschantret•International Interactions•2019

  • Inter-Rebel Alliances in the Shadow of Foreign Sponsors

    Milos Popovic•International Interactions•2017

  • Too central to fail? Terror networks and leadership decapitation

    Daniel Milton, D J Milton et al.•International Interactions•2020

  • Evaluating the impact of repeated leadership targeting on militant group durability

    Yasutaka Tominaga•International Interactions•2019

  • Command and military effectiveness in rebel and hybrid battlefield coalitions

    Dan Reiter•Journal of Strategic Studies•2022

  • Are Resident Terrorist Groups Productive in Weak States

    Open Access•Khusrav Gaibulloev, James A Piazza et al.•Kyklos•2025

  • Effects of Defensive and Proactive Measures on Competition Between Terrorist Groups

    Open Access•Subhayu Bandyopadhyay, Tod Sandler•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2022

  • Who Joins and Who Fights? Explaining Tacit Coalition Behavior among Civil War Actors

    Open Access•Martin C Steinwand, Nils W Metternich•International Studies Quarterly•2022

  • When militant organizations lose militarily but win politically

    Open Access•Benjamin Acosta, Melissa Rogers•Cooperation and Conflict•2020

  • Leadership Targeting and Militant Alliance Breakdown

    Christopher W Blair, Michael C Horowitz et al.•The Journal of Politics•2022

  • The Impact of Ideological Ambiguity on Terrorist Organizations

    Open Access•Olzak•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2022

  • Beyond Ransom and Political Concessions? Explaining Changes in Insurgents’ Kidnapping Involvement Versus Event-frequency

    Open Access•Lu Liu, Manuel Eisner et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2024

  • Do Failed or Weak States Favor Resident Terrorist Groups’ Survival

    Open Access•Khusrav Gaibulloev, James A Piazza et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2024

  • Carrots, Sticks, and Insurgent Targeting of Civilians

    Open Access•Victor Asal, Barbara J Phillips et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2019

  • Needs or Symbols? The Logic of United Nations Counterterrorism Treaty Ratification

    Open Access•Daniel Milton, D J Milton et al.•International Studies Quarterly•2022

  • Do Birds of a Feather Flock Together? Rebel Constituencies and Civil War Alliances

    Open Access•Laia Bacell I Ventura, Chong Chen et al.•International Studies Quarterly•2022

  • Enemies in the Shadows

    Open Access•Andrew Boutton, Thomas M Dolan•International Studies Quarterly•2021

  • Honor Among Thieves

    Open Access•Christopher W Blair, Erica Chenoweth et al.•International Organization•2022

  • Networks of Conflict and Cooperation

    Open Access•Jennifer M Larson•Annual Review of Political Science•2021

  • How the Public Defines Terrorism

    Open Access•Claire Huff, Connor Huff et al.•American Journal of Political…•2018

  • Enemies with benefits? Violent rivalry and terrorist group longevity

    Open Access•Barbara J Phillips, Brian J Phillips•Journal of Peace Research•2015

  • Dying for survival

    Open Access•Benjamin Acosta•Journal of Peace Research•2016

  • The logic of transnational outbidding

    Open Access•Michael Farrell•Journal of Peace Research•2020

  • Trained to rebel

    Open Access•Juliana Tappe Ortiz•Journal of Peace Research•2025

  • From mobilization to revolution

    Charles Tilly•From mobilization to revolution•1978

  • Social Network Analysis

    Open Access•Stanley Wasserman, Katherine Faust•Social Network Analysis•1994

  • An introduction to ROC analysis

    Open Access•Tom Fawcett•Pattern Recognition Letters•2006

  • Cluster-Sample Methods in Applied Econometrics

    Jeffrey M Wooldridge•American Economic Review•2003

  • The New Cold War

    Mark Juergensmeyer•New Cold War?•1993

  • The Political Economy of Terrorism

    Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•Political Economy of Terrorism•2005

  • How Terrorist Groups End

    Seth G Jones, Martin C Libicki•How terrorist groups end•2008

  • Terrorism and the Liberal State

    Open Access•Paul Wilkinson•Terrorism and the Liberal State•1977

  • Coalitions Between Terrorist Organizations

    Ely Karmon•Coalitions Between Terrorist…•2005

  • Deadly Connections

    Open Access•Daniel Byman•Deadly Connections•2005

  • Understanding Terror Networks

    Marc Sageman•Understanding Terror Networks•2004

  • The Rebel's Dilemma

    Open Access•Mark I Lichbach, Mark Lichbach•The Rebel's Dilemma (Economics,…•1995

  • The Logic of Collective Action

    Mancur Olson•Logic of Collective Action•1965

  • The Political Economy of Terrorism

    Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•Choice Reviews Online•2006

  • Event History Modeling

    Open Access•J M Box-Steffensmeier, Bradford Jones et al.•Event History Modeling•2004

  • Some unique properties of eigenvector centrality

    Open Access•Phillip Bonacich•Social Networks•2007

  • Centrality and network flow

    Open Access•P Borgatti, Stephen P Borgatti•Social Networks•2005

  • All Struggles Must End

    Jodi Vittori•Arms Control•2009

  • Connections Can Be Toxic

    Victor Asal, Victor H Asal et al.•Studies in Conflict and Terrorism•2012

  • Draining the Swamp

    James A Piazza, James C Piazza•Studies in Conflict and Terrorism•2007

  • How al-Qaida Ends

    Audrey Kurth Cronin•International Security•2006

  • Terrorist group survival

    Open Access•S Brock Blomberg, Khusrav Gaibulloev et al.•Public Choice•2011

  • The illicit drug trade, counternarcotics strategies and terrorism

    Open Access•James A Piazza, James C Piazza•Public Choice•2011

  • Terrorist networks, support, and delegation

    Open Access•Kevin Siqueira, Tod Sandler et al.•Public Choice•2010

  • Al-Qaeda's Franchising Strategy

    Barak Mendelsohn•Survival•2011

  • Factoring and weighting approaches to status scores and clique identification

    Phillip Bonacich•Journal of Mathematical Sociology•1972

  • Covert or Convenient? Evolution of Terror Attack Networks

    Open Access•Scott Helfstein, Dominick Wright•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2011

  • Taking Time Seriously

    Niels Beck, Nathaniel Beck et al.•American Journal of Political…•1998

  • The Nature of the Beast

    Victor Asal, R Karl Rethemeyer•The Journal of Politics•2008

  • Democratic Competition and Terrorist Activity

    Erica Chenoweth•The Journal of Politics•2010

  • Comparing GEE and Robust Standard Errors for Conditionally Dependent Data

    Open Access•Christopher Zorn•Political Research Quarterly•2006

  • Allying to Kill

    Open Access•Michael C Horowitz, Philip B K Potter•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2014

  • Rational Terrorists and Optimal Network Structure

    Open Access•Walter Enders, Xuejuan Su•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2007

  • Does Democracy Matter

    Open Access•Sara Jackson Wade, Dan Reiter•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2007

  • On the Duration and Sustainability of Transnational Terrorist Organizations

    Open Access•Brock Blomberg, S Brock Blomberg et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2010

  • Predicting Conflict in Space and Time

    Open Access•Nils B Weidmann, Michael D Ward•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2010

  • Rebel Interdependencies and Civil War Outcomes

    Open Access•Seden Akcinaroglu•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2012

  • Network Externalities and the Structure of Terror Networks

    Open Access•Walter Enders, Paan Jindapon•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2010

  • Does Democracy Promote or Reduce Transnational Terrorist Incidents

    Open Access•Quan Li•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2005

  • Nonstate Actors, Fragmentation, and Conflict Processes

    Open Access•Wendy Pearlman, Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2012

  • Hypothesis Testing and Multiplicative Interaction Terms

    Bear F Braumoeller•International Organization•2004

  • A Blessing or a Curse? State Support for Terrorist Groups

    Open Access•D Bruce Carter, David B Carter•International Organization•2012

  • Nonstate Actors and the Diffusion of Innovations

    Open Access•Michael C Horowitz•International Organization•2010

  • Turning to Terror

    Leonard Weinberg•Comparative Politics•1991

  • Domestic Terrorism

    Ignacio Sánchez-Cuenca, Luis De La Calle•Annual Review of Political Science•2009

  • Alliances between Militant Groups

    Open Access•Navin A Bapat, Kanisha D Bond•British Journal of Political…•2012

  • Researching Democracy and Terrorism

    Risa Brooks•Security Studies•2009

  • Social Network Analysis in the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence

    Open Access•Arie Perliger, Ami Pedahzur•PS Political Science & Politics•2011

  • On the relationship between democracy and terrorism

    Tod Sandler, Todd Sandler•Terrorism and Political Violence•1995

  • Does democracy encourage terrorism

    William Lee Eubank, Leonard Weinberg•Terrorism and Political Violence•1994

  • How terrorism declines

    Martha Crenshaw•Terrorism and Political Violence•1991

  • Measuring state capacity

    Open Access•Cullen S Hendrix, Cullen Hendrix•Journal of Peace Research•2010

  • The Changing Nature of Suicide Attacks

    Ami Pedahzur, Arie Perliger•Social Forces•2006

  • Power and Centrality

    Phillip Bonacich•American Journal of Sociology•1987

Unique citing works53
Citations per year4,42
Citation span2014 - 2026 (13)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 49

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae