Democracies Really Are More Pacific (in General)
Reexamining Regime Type and War Involvement
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6283590 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Kenneth Benoit (0000-0002-0797-564X, Harvard University, corresponding author) |
| Year | 1996 |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 636-657 |
| Publication date | 1996-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Conflict Resolution (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-0027 • E-ISSN: 1552-8766 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/0022002796040004006 |
| OpenAlex | W2077015124 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 93 |
| References cited | 25 |
Current consensus in the field of democratic peace research holds that democratic states go to war in general no less than nondemocratic states. The author challenges this consensus by reevaluating the main empirical studies on which it rests, using information that previous studies ignored and statistical techniques unused or even unknown at the time. The results indicate that from 1960 to 1980, democratic nations were less involved in military conflict than other regime types. Estimates of this relationship are robust to different operational definitions of both war and democracy, to the addition of control variables for other possible correlates of war, and to the application of different statistical techniques. This indicates that lack of previous significant findings have less to do with the data than with the methods used to analyze them
Control (management · Democracy · Development economics · Economics · Empirical research · Field (mathematics · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Positive economics · Sociology · Statistics · International Relations and Foreign Policy · Law · Mathematics · Peacebuilding and International Security · Political Conflict and Governance
Political Institutions and War Initiation
The Rise and Fall of Political Orders
Democracy and Coercive Diplomacy
Global Democracy
The Democratic Peace and Territorial Conflict in the Twentieth Century
Not all bonds are created equal
Not created equal
In Search of Democratic Peace
Why Is China Unwelcome in Taiwan? Cultural Alienation, Democratic Anxiety or Economic Loss in Explaining Taiwanese Resistance to China
Hollow promises?’ Critical materialism and the contradictions of the Democratic Peace
How Democracies Keep the Peace
Democracy, Territory, and Armed Conflict, 1919-1995
Foreign Policy Orientation, Strategic Interaction, and the Initiation of International Crises
Erich Weede
Peacemaking and Democratic Peace Theory
Can a Global Peace Last Even If Achieved? Huntington and the Democratic Peace
Revisiting the democratic peace practice
Do Democracies Support Violent Non-governmental Organizations Less Than Autocracies Do
Unpacking Conflict Process on the Korean Peninsula with Political and Seasonal Distribution
Dangerous Dyads Revisited
A Reassessment of Democratic Pacifism at the Monadic Level of Analysis
R. J. Rummel's Understanding Conflict and War
Evaluating the Monadic Democratic Peace
Guerre et paix
Islam and the West
The Liberal Peace Revisited
Gender Equality and State Aggression
Questions of Research Design in Developing New Tests of the Democratic Peace
Paying the Piper? Implications of Social Insurance Payments for Conflict Propensity
Give Me Shelter
Social Purpose and Militarized Disputes
Bringing democracy back in
Does Democracy Cause Peace
The Classical Liberals Were Right
Social and Political Cultural Effects on the Outcomes of Mediation in Militarized Interstate Disputes
Do Democratic Institutions Constrain or Inform? Contrasting Two Institutional Perspectives on Democracy and War
The Impact of National Tides and District-Level Effects on Electoral Outcomes
The Democratic Peace Theory Reframed
The Achilles' Heel of Liberal IR Theory
Covenants Without the Sword International Law and the Protection of Civilians in Times of War
A Unified Model of War Onset and Outcome
Bear Any Burden? How Democracies Minimize the Costs of War
Multilateral Trade and Militarized Conflict
The Human Rights Peace
Discriminating Methods
Measures of Democratization
New Tests of the Democratic Peace
The Democratic Path to Peace
War Initiators and War Winners
Peace and Democracy
Time to Fight
Opportunities to Fight
Nonparametric Model Discrimination in International Relations
Shouldering the Soldiering
Quick Victories
Evolution in Democracy-War Dynamics
Are Soldiers Less War-Prone than Statesmen
Military Strategy and the Outbreak of International Conflict
Democratic Leaders and the Democratic Peace
Under Construction
Leadership Style, Regime Type, and Foreign Policy Crisis Behavior
Permanent Friends? Dynamic Difference and the Democratic Peace
Authoritarian Public Opinion and the Democratic Peace
Investing in the Peace
Democratization in Israel, politicized religion and the failure of the Oslo peace process
A Crisis-Based Evaluation of the Democratic Peace Proposition
Dynamic Modeling for Persistent Event-Count Time Series
The Purse Strings of Peace
Bargaining and Fighting
Testing Nonnested Models of International Relations
Democratic Survival, Peace, and War in the International System
The Capitalist Peace
Unpacking democracy
Identifying `Rogue' States and Testing their Interstate Conflict Behavior
The democratic peace and the new evolution of an old idea
Perilous Polities? An Assessment of the Democratization-Conflict Linkage
Clausewitz, o realismo estrutural e a paz democrática
Beyond the Separate Democratic Peace
Violent Adolescence
Institutional Constraints, Political Opposition, And Interstate Dispute Escalation
War-weariness and Cumulative Effects
Who Mediates? the Political Economy of International Conflict Management
Ethnic Discrimination and Interstate Violence
A Test for Reverse Causality in the Democratic Peace Relationship
Rivalries and the Democratic Peace in the Major Power Subsystem
Putting the Numbers to Work
Gendered Conflict
Foreign direct investment and militarized international conflict
Human Rights Rogues in Interstate Disputes, 1980-2001
No Rest for the Democratic Peace
Domestic Opposition and Signaling in International Crises
An Institutional Explanation of the Democratic Peace
Major Armed Conflicts, Militarization, and Life Chances
World handbook of political and social indicators
World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators III: 1948-1982
Take two democracies and call me in the morning
Democracy and war
Polities and Peace
Mirror, Mirror on the Wall
Kant's political writings
Variance Specification in Event Count Models
Regime Types and International Conflict, 1816-1976
Dangerous Dyads
Democratic Dominoes
Democracy and War Involvement
Domestic Structure, Decisional Constraints, and War
Libertarianism and International Violence
Libertarian Propositions on Violence within and between Nations
Freedom and International Conflict
On Rummel's Omnipresent Theory
Empirical Linkages Between Democracy and Economic Growth
Democracies are Less Warlike Than Other Regimes
Issues in the Comparative Measurement of Political Democracy
Liberalism and World Politics
Powerful Pacifists
| Unique citing works | 93 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3,21 |
| Citation span | 1997 - 2026 (30) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 93 |