Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Domestic Terrorism in Democratic States

Understanding and Addressing Minority Grievances

Bibliographic Data

ID6285151
AuthorsSaran Ghatak (0000-0003-4425-9850, San Jose State University, corresponding author), Sambuddha Ghatak (San Jose State University), Aaron Gold (0000-0003-0841-039X, University of Tennessee at Knoxville), Baukje Prins (0000-0001-5893-2167, University of Tennessee at Knoxville), Brandon C Prins (University of Tennessee at Knoxville)
Year2019
Volume63
Issue2
Pages439-467
Publication date2019-02-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Conflict Resolution (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-0027 • E-ISSN: 1552-8766
PublisherSAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1177/0022002717734285
OpenAlexW2762547388
LanguageEN
Citations received20
References cited72

Scholars continue to disagree on the relationship between regime type and political violence, perhaps because the empirical evidence remains contradictory. To date, most studies generally explore the direct relationship between democracy and terrorism. Yet, we think the effect of regime type on terrorism is conditional on the presence of politically excluded groups whose grievances motivate them to challenge the state. We need to take into account both willingness/grievance and opportunity to understand political violence. Using a global data set of domestic terrorism between 1990 and 2012, we find that different regime-associated features of democracy relate differently to domestic terrorism. Higher levels of the rule of law tend to decrease terrorism, whereas electoral democracies tend to experience more domestic terrorism. However, domestic terrorism increases in every form of democracy in the presence of political exclusion. As such, an effective counterterrorism policy must address underlying grievances as democratization by itself may actually drive domestic terrorism up

Criminology · Democracy · Democratization · Development economics · Domestic terrorism · Economics · Grievance · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Sociology · State (computer science · Terrorism · Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance · Law · Political Conflict and Governance · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence

  • Quantitative Analysis of Factors of Terrorist Activities

    Open Access•Elijah Sumernikov, Andrey Ufimtsev et al.•Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie /…•2024

  • Children's Literature as a Front in the War on Terror

    Open Access•Sara Austin, Ann Marie Wainscott•International Research in…•2021

  • Does democratic progress deter terrorist incidents

    Open Access•Inmee Baek, Maxim Bouzinov•European Journal of Political…•2021

  • Rethinking Galtung’s Key Concepts

    Open Access•Tuba Turan•Journal of Global Security Studies•2026

  • The Social Movement Evolution of Non‐State Armed Groups in the Web 3.0 Era

    Open Access•Yaohui Wang, Yang Qiu•Politics and Governance•2025

  • Climate Change, Environmental Terrorism, Eco-Terrorism and Emerging Threats

    Open Access•Paola Andrea Spadaro•Journal of Strategic Security•2020

  • Fighting terrorism in Africa when existing terrorism levels matter

    Simplice Anutechia Asongu, Vanessa S Tchamyou et al.•Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism…•2019

  • Delegating repression

    Harrison Akins•Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict•2020

  • Hunting for Gray Rhinos and terrorism in the Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia

    L A Kuznar, Jeffrey R Day•Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict•2021

  • Democracy and Terrorism

    Open Access•Andrey Korotayev, Ilya Vaskin et al.•Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie /…•2019

  • What Restrains Military from Targeting Civilians in Civil Wars

    Mustafa Kirisci, Ibrahim Kocaman•Civil Wars•2022

  • Ripe moments for terror attacks

    Open Access•Seden Akcinaroglu, Yusuf Evirgen•Conflict Management and Peace…•2025

  • Remittances, terrorism, and democracy

    Open Access•Casey Crisman-Cox, Yohan Park•Conflict Management and Peace…•2023

  • How terrorism affects support for democracy

    Open Access•Philipp Kerler•Public Choice•2026

  • Managerial capacity in conflict environments

    Open Access•Benjamin Tkach•Public Administration•2019

  • What drives the frequency of terrorist attacks? Thematic analysis of a rapid evidence assessment

    John F Morrison, John Morrison et al.•Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict•2024

  • Egoism and Altruism in Intergroup Conflict

    Open Access•Simon Varaine, Raul Magni-Berton et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2024

  • Incumbent-Aligned Terrorism and Voting Behavior

    Open Access•Pearce Edwards, Patrick Pierson•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2023

  • Are right‐wing populists more likely to justify political violence

    Open Access•Miku Matsunaga•European Journal of Political…•2025

  • Terrorism and Democracy

    Andrey Korotayev, Patrick S Sawyer et al.•Comparative Sociology•2021

  • The Paradox of Terrorism in Civil War

    Open Access•Stathis N Kalyva, Stathis N Kalyvas•The Journal of Ethics•2004

  • Promise and Pitfalls of Terrorism Research

    Open Access•Joseph K Young, Michael G Findley•International Studies Review•2011

  • The institutional environment for infrastructure investment

    Witold J Henisz•Industrial and Corporate Change•2002

  • Kto Kogo?

    Open Access•Alan B Krueger, David D Laitin•Terrorism, Economic Development,…•2008

  • Spatial–Horizontal Inequality and the Maoist Insurgency in Nepal

    Open Access•Syed Mansoob Murshed, Scott Gate et al.•Review of Development Economics•2005

  • The Institutional Environment for Economic Growth

    Open Access•Witold J Henisz•Economics and Politics•2000

  • New Explorations into International Relations

    Scott Jones, Seung-Whan Choi et al.•New Explorations into International…•2016

  • The Political Economy of Terrorism

    Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•Political Economy of Terrorism•2005

  • Human Rights and Structural Adjustment

    Open Access•M Rodwan Abouharb, David Cingranelli•Human Rights and Structural…•2007

  • Poverty, Political Freedom, and the Roots of Terrorism

    Alberto Abadie•American Economic Review•2006

  • Evidence about the Link Between Education, Poverty and Terrorism among Palestinians

    Claude Berrebi•Peace Economics Peace Science and…•2007

  • Generalized Estimating Equation Models for Correlated Data

    Christopher J W Zorn, Christopher Zorn•American Journal of Political…•2001

  • Types of Minority Discrimination and Terrorism

    Open Access•James A Piazza, James C Piazza•Conflict Management and Peace…•2012

  • Draining the Swamp”

    Open Access•Brian Lai•Conflict Management and Peace…•2007

  • Challenging the State

    Saran Ghatak, Sambuddha Ghatak•International Interactions•2015

  • The Homegrown Threat

    Saran Ghatak, Sambuddha Ghatak et al.•International Interactions•2016

  • Terrorism and democratic states

    Joe Eyerman•International Interactions•1998

  • Promoting democratization can combat terrorism

    Jennifer L Windsor•The Washington Quarterly•2003

  • The Strategies of Terrorism

    Andrew H Kydd, Barbara F Walter•International Security•2006

  • Democracy, threats and political repression in developing countries

    Patrick M Regan, Errol A Henderson•Third World Quarterly•2002

  • Civil Liberties vs. Security

    Open Access•Darren W Davis, Brian D Silver•American Journal of Political…•2004

  • Democracy and dictatorship revisited

    Open Access•José Antônio Cheibub, Jill Gandhi et al.•Public Choice•2010

  • Race Prejudice as a Sense of Group Position

    Herbert Blumer•The Pacific Sociological Review•1958

  • Terrorism In Dictatorships

    Deniz Aksoy, D Bruce Carter et al.•The Journal of Politics•2012

  • The Politics of Threat

    Shana Kushner Gadarian•The Journal of Politics•2010

  • Democratic Competition and Terrorist Activity

    Erica Chenoweth•The Journal of Politics•2010

  • Regime Types and International Conflict, 1816-1976

    Open Access•Zeev Maoz, Nasrin Abdolali•Journal of Conflict Resolution•1989

  • Peace and Democracy

    Open Access•Nils Petter Gleditsch, Håvard Hegre•Journal of Conflict Resolution•1997

  • The Effect of Political Regime on Civil War

    Open Access•James Raymond Vreeland•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2008

  • Ethnicity, Political Systems, and Civil Wars

    Open Access•Marta Reynal-Querol•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2002

  • Does Democracy Matter

    Open Access•Sara Jackson Wade, Dan Reiter•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2007

  • Economic Globalization and Transnational Terrorism

    Open Access•Quan Li, Drew Schaub•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2004

  • The Devil You Know but Are Afraid to Face

    Open Access•Konstantinos Drakos, Κωνσταντίνος Δράκος et al.•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2006

  • On Welfare and Terror

    Open Access•Brian Burgoon•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2006

  • Does Democracy Promote or Reduce Transnational Terrorist Incidents

    Open Access•Quan Li•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2005

  • Fighting Terrorism through the Rule of Law

    Open Access•Seung-Whan Choi•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2010

  • Terrorism in the Worlds of Welfare Capitalism

    Open Access•Tim Krieger, Daniel Meierrieks•Journal of Conflict Resolution•2010

  • Tyrants and Terrorism

    Open Access•Courtenay R Conrad, Jon M Conrad et al.•International Studies Quarterly•2014

  • Terrorism, Democracy, and Credible Commitments1

    Open Access•Michael G Findley, Joseph K Young•International Studies Quarterly•2011

  • Incomplete Democratization and the Outbreak of Military Disputes

    Edward D Mansfield, Jack Snyder•International Studies Quarterly•2002

  • Do Terrorists Win? Rebels' Use of Terrorism and Civil War Outcomes

    Open Access•Virginia Page Fortna•International Organization•2015

  • The Causes of Terrorism

    Martha Crenshaw•Comparative Politics•1981

  • Democracy and Indigenous Rebellion in Latin America

    Open Access•Matthew R Cleary•Comparative Political Studies•2000

  • Terrorism and Democracy

    Erica Chenoweth•Annual Review of Political Science•2013

  • Ethnopolitical Rebellion

    Ted Robert Gurr, Will H Moore•American Journal of Political…•1997

  • There Can Be No Compromise

    Open Access•Dennis Foster, Dennis M Foster et al.•British Journal of Political…•2013

  • Why Democracies Make Superior Counterterrorists

    Max Abrahms•Security Studies•2007

  • Researching Democracy and Terrorism

    Risa Brooks•Security Studies•2009

  • Armed Conflicts, 1946-2012

    Open Access•Lotta Themnér, Peter Wallensteen•Journal of Peace Research•2013

  • Ethnic Politics and Armed Conflict

    Open Access•Andreas Wimmer, Lars-Erik Cederman et al.•American Sociological Review•2009

  • Terrorism and Democracy

    William Lee Eubank, W Eubank et al.•Terrorism and Political Violence•2001

  • Does democracy encourage terrorism

    William Lee Eubank, Leonard Weinberg•Terrorism and Political Violence•1994

  • Terrorism and democracy

    Alex P Schmid•Terrorism and Political Violence•1992

  • Education, Poverty and Terrorism

    Open Access•Alan B Krueger, Jitka Malečková•The Journal of Economic…•2003

  • Poverty, minority economic discrimination, and domestic terrorism

    Open Access•James A Piazza•Journal of Peace Research•2011

  • Domestic versus transnational terrorism

    Open Access•Walter Enders, Tod Sandler et al.•Journal of Peace Research•2011

  • Structural Causes of Oppositional Political Terrorism

    Open Access•Jeffrey Ian Ro, Jeffrey Ian Ross•Journal of Peace Research•1993

  • Veto players and terror

    Open Access•Joseph K Young, Laura Dugan•Journal of Peace Research•2011

  • Normative and Structural Causes of Democratic Peace, 1946-1986

    Open Access•Zeev Maoz, Bruce Russett•American Political Science Review•1993

  • Resource Competition Theories

    Open Access•J Nagel•American Behavioral Scientist•1995

  • The Material Basis for Separatism

    Open Access•Amita Shastri•The Journal of Asian Studies•1990

  • The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism

    Robert A Pape•American Political Science Review•2003

  • Toward a Democratic Civil Peace? Democracy, Political Change, and Civil War, 1816-1992

    Open Access•Håvard Hegre•American Political Science Review•2001

  • Are Voters Sensitive to Terrorism? Direct Evidence from the Israeli Electorate

    Open Access•Claude Berrebi, Esteban F Klor•American Political Science Review•2008

  • Assessing the Dyadic Nature of the Democratic Peace, 1918-88

    Open Access•David L Rousseau, Christopher Gelpi et al.•American Political Science Review•1996

  • An Institutional Explanation of the Democratic Peace

    Open Access•Bruce Bueno De Mesquita, James D Morrow et al.•American Political Science Review•1999

  • Domestic Political Audiences and the Escalation of International Disputes

    Open Access•James D Fearon•American Political Science Review•1994

  • Reassessing the Causes of Nongovernmental Terrorism in Latin America

    Open Access•Andreas Emil Feldmann, Maiju Perälä•Latin American Politics and Society•2004

  • Control Democracy, Institutional Decay, and the Quest for Eelam

    Neil Devotta•Pacific Affairs•2000

Unique citing works20
Citations per year2,86
Citation span2019 - 2026 (8)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 19

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae