Contract archaeology in Europe

An Experiment in Diversity

Bibliographic Data

ID8042671
AuthorsKristian Kristiansen (0000-0003-2423-308X, corresponding author)
Year2009
Volume41
Issue4
Pages641-648
Publication date2009-12-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueWorld Archaeology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0043-8243 • E-ISSN: 1470-1375
PublisherRoutledge (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/00438240903371486
OpenAlexW2162920900
LanguageEN
Citations received46
References cited7

In a previous discussion article, ‘Do we need “the archaeology of Europe”?’ (Kristiansen Citation2008), I argued that, although a European archaeology is being promoted by both the European Association of Archaeologists and the European conventions, such as the Valletta Convention of 1992 and the European Landscape Convention of 2000, there are still more divergences than commonalities, due to the strong national organization of archaeology in Europe. I especially considered archaeological heritage terminology, the language of references in books and journals, and the structure of archaeological journals which all pointed to an increasing national focus of archaeological research and publications. In this article I take a closer look at the structure of developer-funded excavations, or contract archaeology, in Europe. I argue that contract archaeology represents a laboratory for the testing of different principles of organization, control and quality assessments. Although the Valletta Convention on the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage stipulates the basic principles of developer-funded rescue archaeology, its implementation since 1992 among the European nations, and indeed also among the regions within nations, such as the federal states (landes) in Germany, varies dramatically. By analysing a few ‘model countries’ I demonstrate that this variation comes down to, and originates from, two basically different political principles: that of ‘socialism’ and that of ‘capitalism’ (following Willems and van den Dries Citation2007b). As they have different implications for quality control and research the choice of one or the other has far-reaching consequences for the future of archaeology in Europe. Keywords: Contract archaeologyquality controlsocialist and capitalist models Acknowledgements I wish to thank two anonymous reviewers for making valuable comments that helped to improve the article. University of Gothenburg [email protected]

Archaeology · Conflict archaeology · Convention · Cultural heritage · Diversity (politics · Excavation · Historical archaeology · Linguistics · Political science · Politics · Post-medieval archaeology · Prehistoric archaeology · Quality (philosophy · Terminology · Archaeological Research and Protection · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies · Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation · History · Law

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