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Toward An Understanding of the Economics of Apologies

Evidence from a Large-Scale Natural Field Experiment

Bibliographic Data

ID9712788
AuthorsBasil Halperin (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Berching Ho (0000-0001-9728-6444, Vassar College), Benjamin Ho (Vassar College), John A List (0000-0002-1740-3848, University of Chicago & NBER, USA), Ian Muir (Lyft (United States))
Year2022
Volume132
Issue641
Pages273-298
Publication date2022-01-07
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueThe Economic Journal (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0013-0133 • E-ISSN: 1468-0297
PublisherOxford University Press (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1093/ej/ueab062
OpenAlexW3124564694
LanguageEN
Citations received5
References cited23

We use a theory of apologies to design a nationwide field experiment involving 1.5 million Uber ridesharing consumers who experienced late rides. Several insights emerge. First, apologies are not a panacea—the efficacy of an apology and whether it may backfire depend on how the apology is made. Second, across treatments, money speaks louder than words—the best form of apology is to include a coupon for a future trip. Third, in some cases sending an apology is worse than sending nothing at all, particularly for repeated apologies and apologies that promise to do better. For firms, caveat venditor should be the rule when considering apologies

Advertising · Business · Coupon · Economics · Epistemology · Field (mathematics · Geography · Natural (archaeology · Nothing · Panacea (medicine · Positive economics · Scale (ratio · Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies · Finance · Forgiveness and Related Behaviors · History · Philosophy · Psychology · Taxation and Compliance Studies

  • Passengers as defenders

    Open Access•Linlin Su, Xusen Cheng et al.•Tourism Management•2025

  • The usage of apologies and group cooperation

    Open Access•Jonathan Yeo, Shi Zhuo•Journal of Economic Psychology•2024

  • Propaganda and Blame Attribution during Economic Downturns

    Open Access•Manfred Elfstrom, Xiaojun Li•Studies in Comparative…•2025

  • Just saying sorry—The effect of apologies on reintegration after social exclusion

    Open Access•Alexandra Baier, Tarek Jaber-Lopez•Journal of Economic Behavior &…•2025

  • Apologies, Cheap Talk, and Silence

    Open Access•Katie Constantin, Jane Sell et al.•Social Science Quarterly•2025

  • A theory of sequential reciprocity

    Open Access•Martin Dufwenberg, Georg Kirchsteiger•Games and Economic Behavior•2004

  • Field Experiments

    Glenn W Harrison, John A List•Journal of Economic Literature•2004

  • The Hidden Costs and Returns of Incentives—Trust and Trustworthiness among Ceos

    Open Access•Ernst Fehr, John A List•Journal of the European Economic…•2004

  • Understanding Social Preferences with Simple Tests

    Gary Charne, G Charness et al.•The Quarterly Journal of Economics•2002

  • Promises and lies

    Open Access•Maurice E Schweitzer, John C Hershey et al.•Organizational Behavior and Human…•2006

  • Removing the Shadow of Suspicion

    Peter H Kim, Donald L Ferrin et al.•Journal of Applied Psychology•2004

  • Promises and Partnership

    Open Access•Gary Charne, Gary Charness et al.•Econometrica•2006

  • The Gender Earnings Gap in the Gig Economy

    Open Access•Cody Cook, Rebecca Diamond et al.•The Review of Economic Studies•2021

  • Trust, Reciprocity, and Social History

    Open Access•Joyce E Berg, Joyce Berg et al.•Games and Economic Behavior•1995

  • Are costly apologies universally perceived as being sincere

    Yohsuke Ohtsubo, Esuka Watanabe et al.•Journal of Evolutionary Psychology•2012

  • Cultural Differences in the Function and Meaning of Apologies

    William W Maddux, Peter H Kim et al.•International Negotiation•2011

  • What Do Laboratory Experiments Measuring Social Preferences Reveal About the Real World

    Open Access•Steven D Levitt, John A List•The Journal of Economic…•2007

  • When Good Brands Do Bad

    Jennifer Aaker, Susan Fournier et al.•Journal of Consumer Research•2004

Citations per year2.5
Citation span2024 - 2025 (2)
Highly citedNo

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