Pamela Hodges Kulinna
Biographic Data
| ID | 6346970 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Pamela Hodges Kulinna |
| GIVEN NAMES | Pamela Hodges |
| FAMILY NAME | Kulinna |
| SIGNATURE | KULINNA P H |
| AFFILIATIONS | Arizona State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0355-0695 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 29 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 16 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
How Growth Mindset Can Help Us Improve Physical Education
There are many reasons why students struggle to engage in physical education (PE). A key factor that might help is a growth-oriented environment. Growth Mindset Theory challenges traditional teaching methods that use a “fixed” mindset and investigates an “open” mindset grounded in psychological research emphasizing the importance of effort, perseverance, and learning from failure. Studies indicate that students who perceive their abilities as unc…
Students' Willingness to Intervene in Bullying Within Afterschool Programs
Unstructured playtime at school, such as recess and afterschool activities, is essential for children's social development but often becomes a setting for bullying. Despite effective bystander programs, research on students' willingness to intervene in these contexts remains limited. This cross‐sectional study used mixed methods to investigate the factors influencing students' willingness to intervene in bullying during afterschool programs. Data…
Evaluating a Nutrition Education Program's Impact on Knowledge and Eating Behavior Among Low‐Income Youth
BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity disproportionately affects low-income Hispanic children. After-school programs (ASPs) provide opportunities to address nutritional disparities through targeted educational interventions. METHODS: This study evaluated a 5-week general nutrition education program in 80 third- to sixth-grade students at a Title I elementary school. Nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, and dietary behaviors were assessed using the Healthy…
Sustaining movement in schools
Background: The HealthWorks: Fitness for Life project was a multi-year initiative implemented across six Southwestern USA school districts aimed at increasing physical activity, improving physical education quality, and promoting healthy behaviours among students. Objectives: This study examined long-term trends in teacher-led movement integration, evaluated the impact of professional development, and identified factors influencing the sustainabi…
Physical Activity Disparities Between Students With and Without Disabilities Across School‐Based Physical Activity Contexts
BACKGROUND: Students with disabilities (SWD) face higher risks of obesity and lower physical activity (PA) levels compared to students without disabilities (SWOD). Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programs (CSPAP) aim to provide equal PA opportunities for all students, yet activity differences in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among SWD in secondary schools remain understudied. METHODS: This study measured MVPA levels and env…
Comprehensive Strategies for Managing School-based Physical Activity during Extreme Heat
Students spend the majority of their waking hours at school, making it a critical setting for promoting physical activity across multiple contexts (e.g., recess, physical education, before- and after-school programs, and sports). However, extreme heat conditions pose significant challenges for schools in ensuring these PA opportunities remain both safe and accessible. To ensure students can stay active in hot conditions, school staff should be aw…
“I Need the Shade”
BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated how heat impacts play from the perspective of children. The purpose of this study was to explore children's experiences of recess play during high temperatures. METHODS: We used the draw-and-tell method to retrospectively explore the experiences of recess during hot weather among students (N = 38) between the ages of 5-12 attending four elementary schools in one school district in Arizona (United States).…
Evaluating the impact of an after-school program on overhand throwing and perceived motor competence among students from low socio-economic backgrounds in the U.S
The study examined the effect of a 5-week Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) on overhand throw skills and perceived motor competence in students from low socio-economic backgrounds. Participants were children recruited from a Title 1 school in the Southwest U.S. Students were assigned to either CSPAP condition ( n = 60, 26 boys, 34 girls; Mgrade = 4.27, SD = .43) or a control condition ( n = 20, 7 boys, 13 girls; Mgrade = 4.00…
A natural experiment to assess recess frequency on children’s physical activity in Arizona (U.S.) elementary schools
Students attending elementary schools implementing 2 + recesses, in accordance with state policy, demonstrated greater MVPA and less sedentary time, providing preliminary evidence that recess frequency is associated with greater PA intensity among children during recess. Schools that adhere to state-level PA policies may provide a more supportive environment for PA, resulting in increased movement among students. Specifying recess frequency shoul…
Using Technology to Understand Students’ Optimal Challenges and Promote Intrinsic Motivation in Physical Education
Youth are inactive in today’s world. Integrating autonomy, competence, and relatedness into Physical Education objectives to provide optimally challenging tasks for students may be an effective approach to making them love physical activity. Optimal challenge, or the challenge level of the task matches the student’s competence, can provide them with the greatest sense of competence, satisfaction, and/or pleasure. It presents one adaptive intrinsi…
System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth
“He’s a little skinny and he’s a little wide.”
Students held narrow and corporeal focused notions of health focused on simple rules. People who violated the rules were "lazy", a concept that seemed to underlie multiple constructs and a finding that holds true in other investigations. Students also reported few adult role models, a topic that should be explored with expanded family groups to better represent the multi-generational (e.g. grandparents, uncles, aunts) family housing common in the…
Equipping high school classroom teachers to support physical activity
Digital Projection for Teaching and Learning in Physical Education
The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of the history of projection in education, discuss potential benefits to using projection technology, and finally share ideas for the use of projection throughout typical lesson content (e.g., introductory, skill, fitness and game activities) for Physical Education programs. This is also done to promote new perceptions regarding an educational technology that otherwise might be perceived …
Transitioning to Online Secondary Physical Education
The purpose of this article to share ideas on developing an online Physical Education program by sharing resources and experiences from a middle school teacher and her students. The article starts by presenting current online Physical Education models. Next, reasons that online programming may be used, even concurrently with in person learning, are discussed. This is followed by planning ideas for an online Physical Education program. Lastly, a t…
Before- and After-School Physical Activity
Before- and after-school programs can be excellent opportunities for schools to provide supplemental physical activity (PA) and reinforce the knowledge, skills, and dispositions taught in physical education, particularly when some schools may perceive PA during the school day as competing with academic learning time. Before- and after-school PA programs can be offered directly by school staff, or in partnership with community organizations, and c…
A cluster randomized controlled trial of an after-school playground curriculum intervention to improve children’s physical, social, and emotional health
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT ID NCT05470621 , Registered July 22, 2022
A Dozen Reasons for Including Conceptual Physical Education in Quality Secondary School Programs
As outlined in this article, conceptual physical education (CPE) uses a text and classroom sessions to teach healthy lifestyle concepts and principles as well as self-management skills that promote lifelong fitness and active living. CPE programs are meant to be an important part of quality physical education (PE) programs. A dozen reasons are provided to help physical educators gain the support of all stakeholders including students, parents, ad…
Focusing School Wellness Beyond Physical Education
Physical activity initiatives targeting the participation of all members of a school’s community are proposed as partial solutions to getting children physically active for 60 minutes each day. Integrating whole-school programs can be a daunting task; however, in this article, we share tips from physical activity leaders at three schools and found that combining resources is a way to manage this task. This article briefly describes the CSPAP and …
Classroom teachers’ and administrators’ views of teaching health and physical education
Teacher efficacy influences what and how they teach. This may be particularly important to consider in Aotearoa New Zealand contexts where primary classroom teachers teach health and physical education and use physical activity breaks with little training. It remains unclear how classroom teachers perceive this role and how to better support them. The purpose of this study was to investigate classroom teachers’ and administrators’ views of teachi…
Changes in healthy behaviour knowledge of rural pupils
This study was informed by the body of literature on pupil knowledge and its potential contributions to developing healthy and active lifestyles, along with the focus of various current national physical education standards on cognitive outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the impact of conceptual-based intervention programmes in two rural schools on pupils’ healthy behaviour knowledge. Schools used a similar intervention model of healthy be…
Step Counts on Weekdays, Weekends, and During Physical Education of Navajo High School Students
Feeling refreshed
The purpose of this study was to identify students’ perspectives of the role of healthy behaviours in their well-being and school success. Since a number of studies focused on establishing the link between healthy behaviours and learning have relied on quantitative measures, it was deemed important to provide a different perspective on the topic and give students a voice. Participants were 50 Aotearoa/New Zealand nine- and 10-year-old students of…
Anthropology, Dance, and Education
The integration of dance into K–12 curriculum can help students to learn better, encouraging deeper exploration and active engagement with content knowledge. The purpose of this intervention study was to determine how the integration of dance and social studies with an anthropological framework affects student learning of content knowledge in social studies, as well as student attitude toward the topic. An anthropological framework was implemente…
Because There’s Nobody Who Can Just Sit That Long’
Classroom teachers are increasingly called upon to help increase pupils’ physical activity (PA). Grounded in Guskey’s model of teacher change, this study was part of an intervention that provided classroom teachers with training for implementing classroom-based PA (CBPA). The study examined teachers’ attempts to implement CBPA and focused on their self-reported practices (number of CBPAs implemented and management routines used) as well as their …
Classroom teachers and physical activity integration
Because There’s Nobody Who Can Just Sit That Long’
Classroom teachers are increasingly called upon to help increase pupils’ physical activity (PA). Grounded in Guskey’s model of teacher change, this study was part of an intervention that provided classroom teachers with training for implementing classroom-based PA (CBPA). The study examined teachers’ attempts to implement CBPA and focused on their self-reported practices (number of CBPAs implemented and management routines used) as well as their …
Social Physique Anxiety and Muscularity and Appearance Cognitions in College Men
Classroom teachers’ and administrators’ views of teaching health and physical education
Teacher efficacy influences what and how they teach. This may be particularly important to consider in Aotearoa New Zealand contexts where primary classroom teachers teach health and physical education and use physical activity breaks with little training. It remains unclear how classroom teachers perceive this role and how to better support them. The purpose of this study was to investigate classroom teachers’ and administrators’ views of teachi…
Feeling refreshed
The purpose of this study was to identify students’ perspectives of the role of healthy behaviours in their well-being and school success. Since a number of studies focused on establishing the link between healthy behaviours and learning have relied on quantitative measures, it was deemed important to provide a different perspective on the topic and give students a voice. Participants were 50 Aotearoa/New Zealand nine- and 10-year-old students of…
Anthropology, Dance, and Education
The integration of dance into K–12 curriculum can help students to learn better, encouraging deeper exploration and active engagement with content knowledge. The purpose of this intervention study was to determine how the integration of dance and social studies with an anthropological framework affects student learning of content knowledge in social studies, as well as student attitude toward the topic. An anthropological framework was implemente…
The Development and Validation of Scores on a Measure of Teachers’ Attitudes toward Teaching Physical Activity and Fitness
The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to examine teachers’ attitudes toward teaching physical activity and fitness. The study was conducted in multiple phases, including a preliminary study, a content validity study, and a reliability and validity study. Participants for the content validity study were 28 experts in sport pedagogy. They were sent items from the attitude instrument and asked to organize them into the instruments’ …
“This is kind of giving a secret away…”
Social Physique Anxiety and Muscularity and Appearance Cognitions in College Men
Classroom teachers and physical activity integration
Because There’s Nobody Who Can Just Sit That Long’
Classroom teachers are increasingly called upon to help increase pupils’ physical activity (PA). Grounded in Guskey’s model of teacher change, this study was part of an intervention that provided classroom teachers with training for implementing classroom-based PA (CBPA). The study examined teachers’ attempts to implement CBPA and focused on their self-reported practices (number of CBPAs implemented and management routines used) as well as their …
Feeling refreshed
The purpose of this study was to identify students’ perspectives of the role of healthy behaviours in their well-being and school success. Since a number of studies focused on establishing the link between healthy behaviours and learning have relied on quantitative measures, it was deemed important to provide a different perspective on the topic and give students a voice. Participants were 50 Aotearoa/New Zealand nine- and 10-year-old students of…
Anthropology, Dance, and Education
The integration of dance into K–12 curriculum can help students to learn better, encouraging deeper exploration and active engagement with content knowledge. The purpose of this intervention study was to determine how the integration of dance and social studies with an anthropological framework affects student learning of content knowledge in social studies, as well as student attitude toward the topic. An anthropological framework was implemente…
Step Counts on Weekdays, Weekends, and During Physical Education of Navajo High School Students
Classroom teachers’ and administrators’ views of teaching health and physical education
Teacher efficacy influences what and how they teach. This may be particularly important to consider in Aotearoa New Zealand contexts where primary classroom teachers teach health and physical education and use physical activity breaks with little training. It remains unclear how classroom teachers perceive this role and how to better support them. The purpose of this study was to investigate classroom teachers’ and administrators’ views of teachi…
Changes in healthy behaviour knowledge of rural pupils
This study was informed by the body of literature on pupil knowledge and its potential contributions to developing healthy and active lifestyles, along with the focus of various current national physical education standards on cognitive outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the impact of conceptual-based intervention programmes in two rural schools on pupils’ healthy behaviour knowledge. Schools used a similar intervention model of healthy be…
A Dozen Reasons for Including Conceptual Physical Education in Quality Secondary School Programs
As outlined in this article, conceptual physical education (CPE) uses a text and classroom sessions to teach healthy lifestyle concepts and principles as well as self-management skills that promote lifelong fitness and active living. CPE programs are meant to be an important part of quality physical education (PE) programs. A dozen reasons are provided to help physical educators gain the support of all stakeholders including students, parents, ad…
Focusing School Wellness Beyond Physical Education
Physical activity initiatives targeting the participation of all members of a school’s community are proposed as partial solutions to getting children physically active for 60 minutes each day. Integrating whole-school programs can be a daunting task; however, in this article, we share tips from physical activity leaders at three schools and found that combining resources is a way to manage this task. This article briefly describes the CSPAP and …
Digital Projection for Teaching and Learning in Physical Education
The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of the history of projection in education, discuss potential benefits to using projection technology, and finally share ideas for the use of projection throughout typical lesson content (e.g., introductory, skill, fitness and game activities) for Physical Education programs. This is also done to promote new perceptions regarding an educational technology that otherwise might be perceived …
Transitioning to Online Secondary Physical Education
The purpose of this article to share ideas on developing an online Physical Education program by sharing resources and experiences from a middle school teacher and her students. The article starts by presenting current online Physical Education models. Next, reasons that online programming may be used, even concurrently with in person learning, are discussed. This is followed by planning ideas for an online Physical Education program. Lastly, a t…
Before- and After-School Physical Activity
Before- and after-school programs can be excellent opportunities for schools to provide supplemental physical activity (PA) and reinforce the knowledge, skills, and dispositions taught in physical education, particularly when some schools may perceive PA during the school day as competing with academic learning time. Before- and after-school PA programs can be offered directly by school staff, or in partnership with community organizations, and c…
A cluster randomized controlled trial of an after-school playground curriculum intervention to improve children’s physical, social, and emotional health
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT ID NCT05470621 , Registered July 22, 2022
Using Technology to Understand Students’ Optimal Challenges and Promote Intrinsic Motivation in Physical Education
Youth are inactive in today’s world. Integrating autonomy, competence, and relatedness into Physical Education objectives to provide optimally challenging tasks for students may be an effective approach to making them love physical activity. Optimal challenge, or the challenge level of the task matches the student’s competence, can provide them with the greatest sense of competence, satisfaction, and/or pleasure. It presents one adaptive intrinsi…
System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth
“He’s a little skinny and he’s a little wide.”
Students held narrow and corporeal focused notions of health focused on simple rules. People who violated the rules were "lazy", a concept that seemed to underlie multiple constructs and a finding that holds true in other investigations. Students also reported few adult role models, a topic that should be explored with expanded family groups to better represent the multi-generational (e.g. grandparents, uncles, aunts) family housing common in the…
Equipping high school classroom teachers to support physical activity
A natural experiment to assess recess frequency on children’s physical activity in Arizona (U.S.) elementary schools
Students attending elementary schools implementing 2 + recesses, in accordance with state policy, demonstrated greater MVPA and less sedentary time, providing preliminary evidence that recess frequency is associated with greater PA intensity among children during recess. Schools that adhere to state-level PA policies may provide a more supportive environment for PA, resulting in increased movement among students. Specifying recess frequency shoul…
Comprehensive Strategies for Managing School-based Physical Activity during Extreme Heat
Students spend the majority of their waking hours at school, making it a critical setting for promoting physical activity across multiple contexts (e.g., recess, physical education, before- and after-school programs, and sports). However, extreme heat conditions pose significant challenges for schools in ensuring these PA opportunities remain both safe and accessible. To ensure students can stay active in hot conditions, school staff should be aw…
“I Need the Shade”
BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated how heat impacts play from the perspective of children. The purpose of this study was to explore children's experiences of recess play during high temperatures. METHODS: We used the draw-and-tell method to retrospectively explore the experiences of recess during hot weather among students (N = 38) between the ages of 5-12 attending four elementary schools in one school district in Arizona (United States).…
Evaluating the impact of an after-school program on overhand throwing and perceived motor competence among students from low socio-economic backgrounds in the U.S
The study examined the effect of a 5-week Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) on overhand throw skills and perceived motor competence in students from low socio-economic backgrounds. Participants were children recruited from a Title 1 school in the Southwest U.S. Students were assigned to either CSPAP condition ( n = 60, 26 boys, 34 girls; Mgrade = 4.27, SD = .43) or a control condition ( n = 20, 7 boys, 13 girls; Mgrade = 4.00…
How Growth Mindset Can Help Us Improve Physical Education
There are many reasons why students struggle to engage in physical education (PE). A key factor that might help is a growth-oriented environment. Growth Mindset Theory challenges traditional teaching methods that use a “fixed” mindset and investigates an “open” mindset grounded in psychological research emphasizing the importance of effort, perseverance, and learning from failure. Studies indicate that students who perceive their abilities as unc…
Psychology (22 works) · Physical education (16 works) · Mathematics education (15 works) · Medicine (15 works) · Children's Physical and Motor Development (13 works) · Pedagogy (13 works) · Physical Education and Pedagogy (12 works) · Physical activity (11 works) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (9 works) · Physical therapy (8 works)