From Spatial to Social Asymmetry
Spontaneous and Conditioned Associations of Gender and Space
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12005235 |
|---|---|
| Authors | C Suitner (0000-0001-5211-100X, University of Padua, corresponding author), Bruno Gabriel Salvador Casara (0000-0002-5200-7218, University of Padua), A Maa (0000-0001-9802-5246, University of Padua), Lucia Ronconi (0000-0002-2360-9965, University of Padua) |
| Year | 2016 |
| Volume | 41 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 46-64 |
| Publication date | 2016-12-02 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Psychology of Women Quarterly (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0361-6843 • E-ISSN: 1471-6402 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/0361684316676045 |
| OpenAlex | W2557482978 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 8 |
| References cited | 95 |
According to the spatial agency bias model, in Western cultures agentic targets are envisaged as facing and acting rightward, in line with writing direction. In four studies of Italian participants, we examined the symbolic association between agency and the rightward direction (Study 1, N = 96), its spontaneous activation when attributing agency to female and male targets (Study 2, N = 80) or when judging the authenticity of photographs of men and women (Study 3, N = 57), and its possible relation to stereotype endorsement (Study 4, N = 80). In Study 4, we used a conditioning paradigm in which participants learned a counterstereotypical new association; we developed a novel measure to assess the association between gender and spatial direction, namely, the spatial association task. Participants envisaged and cognitively processed male and female targets in line with the spatial agency bias model and reported lower benevolent sexism after learning a new counterstereotypical spatial association. Our findings raise awareness about the biased use of space (and its consequences) in the representation of women and men, so that all people, and especially communicators and policy makers, can actively intervene to promote gender equality. Additional online materials for this article are available to PWQ subscribers on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684316676045
Agency (philosophy · Association (psychology · Cognition · Developmental psychology · Linguistics · Political science · Representation (politics · Social science · Sociology · Spatial Ability · Stereotype (UML · Categorization, perception, and language · Language, Metaphor, and Cognition · Psychology · Social Psychology · Spatial Cognition and Navigation
Reading/writing direction as a source of directional bias in spatial cognition
The Spatial Ingroup Bias
Heading the Right Way? The Influence of Motion Direction in Advertising on Brand Trust
When she is Standing Left, she Might be Blamed. Responsibility Attribution for Sexualized Violence Moderated by Rape Myth Acceptance and Benevolent Sexism
The function of vertical and horizontal space to social group identity
Embodied standpoints in gender difference graphs and tables
Liberty, Justice, and Victory
Bois of Isolation
Time in the mind
Keeping One's Distance
The mental representation of parity and number magnitude.
The Effect of Physical Height on Workplace Success and Income
The Impact of Stereotypical Versus Counterstereotypical Media Exemplars on Racial Attitudes, Causal Attributions, and Support for Affirmative Action
Embodiment in Attitudes, Social Perception, and Emotion
Why the Sunny Side Is Up
Pretty as a Princess
Communal and Agentic Content in Social Cognition
The gender similarities hypothesis.
Perceptual symbol systems
Theorizing the Relationship between Agency and Communion
Reducing Automatically Activated Racial Prejudice Through Implicit Evaluative Conditioning
The measurement of psychological androgyny
The Go/No-Go Association Task
Masculinity and Femininity
The Experimental Study of Forms of Expression
Identity threat at work
Associative and propositional processes in evaluation
Association learning of likes and dislikes
The Use of Power and Influence in a Gendered World
Understanding the Structure of Stereotypes of Women
The Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory
Toward a Feminist Understanding of Women and Power
Harmful Workplace Experiences and Women’s Occupational Well-Being
The portrayal of women’s images in magazine advertisements
Images of women in advertisements
Dynamic Stereotypes of Power
Attitudes toward sex-roles
Agency and Virtue
The “True” Romantic
Images of Women in General Interest and Fashion Magazine Advertisements from 1955 to 2002
Height differences of low and high job status, female and male corporate employees
Towards an operationalization of the fundamental dimensions of agency and communion
The role of valence in the perception of agency and communion
What's in a picture? The impact of face‐ism on trait attribution
The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory
When “Just Say No” is not enough
Groups in space
Seeing is believing
Just say no (to stereotyping)
Bad but Bold
A multidimensional approach to the structure of personality impressions
Exposure to Benevolent Sexism and Complementary Gender Stereotypes
The dynamics of masculine-agentic and feminine-communal traits
Agency and communion from the perspective of self versus others
Your Highness
Fundamental dimensions of social judgment
On the malleability of automatic attitudes
Implicit gender stereotyping in judgments of fame
Graphing the order of the sexes
Face-ism
Gender stereotypes stem from the distribution of women and men into social roles
Grounded Cognition
An ambivalent alliance
From perceptual rags to metaphoric riches-Bodily, social, and cultural constraints on sociocognitive metaphors
Evaluative conditioning in humans
| Unique citing works | 8 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,33 |
| Citation span | 2020 - 2026 (7) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 8 |