Free-Time Activities in Middle Childhood
Links with Adjustment in Early Adolescence
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23325614 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Susan M Mchale (0000-0002-9565-9320, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA), Ann C Crouter (0000-0001-7580-2495, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA), C J Tucker (0000-0002-0786-523X, University of New Hampshire) |
| Year | 2001 |
| Volume | 72 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 1764-1778 |
| Publication date | 2001-11-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Child Development (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0009-3920 • E-ISSN: 1467-8624 |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press (OUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1111/1467-8624.00377 |
| PMID | 11768144 |
| OpenAlex | W2037109108 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 89 |
| References cited | 12 |
This study assessed links between free-time activities in middle childhood (hobbies, sports, toys and games, outdoor play, reading, television viewing, and hanging out) and school grades, conduct, and depression symptoms both concurrently and 2 years later, in early adolescence. It also explored two mechanisms that might underlie activity–adjustment links: whether the social contexts of children's activities mediate these links, child effects explain these connections, or both. Participants were 198 children (M= 10.9 years, SD= .54 years) in Year 1, and their parents. In home interviews in Years 1 and 3 of the study, mothers rated children's conduct problems, children reported on their depression symptoms, and information was collected on school grades from report cards. In seven evening phone interviews, children reported on the time they spent in free-time activities during the day of the call and their companions in each activity. Links were found between the nature of children's free-time activities and their adjustment. The social contexts of free-time activities explained activity–adjustment links to a limited degree; with respect to child effects, evidence also suggested that better adjusted children became more involved in adaptive activities over time.
Adolescent development · Child development · Developmental psychology · Child Development and Digital Technology · Impact of Technology on Adolescents · Psychology · Youth Development and Social Support
Primary School Pupils’ Free Time Activities/Aktivnosti u slobodnom vremenu učenika osnovne škole
Representaciones sociales de padres sobre el ocio de los adolescentes. (Parents’ social representations about adolescents’ leisure)
The relative contributions of parents and siblings to child and adolescent development
Adolescents' Leisure Time in the United States
Hanging Out With Which Friends? Friendship‐Level Predictors of Unstructured and Unsupervised Socializing in Adolescence
Sibling Behaviors and Mexican-Origin Adolescents’ After-School Activities
Neighborhood crime and self-care
Adolescents' participation in organized activities and developmental success 2 and 8 years after high school
Patterns of adolescents' participation in organized activities
Sports participation and juvenile delinquency
Clusters and Correlates of Experiences With Parents and Peers in Early Adolescence
Predicting Adolescents' Organized Activity Involvement
Shared Family Activities and the Transition From Childhood Into Adolescence
Promoting the Positive Development of Boys in High‐Poverty Neighborhoods
Association Between Media Use in Adolescence and Depression in Young Adulthood
Positive Youth Development
Children's Organized Activities
The Role of School-Based Extracurricular Activities in Adolescent Development
Organized Activity Participation, Positive Youth Development, and the Over-Scheduling Hypothesis
Psychological impacts of “screen time” and “green time” for children and adolescents
Sedentary behavior and indicators of mental health in school-aged children and adolescents
An Ecological Analysis of After-School Program Participation and the Development of Academic Performance and Motivational Attributes for Disadvantaged Children
Capturing Unique Dimensions of Youth Organized Activity Involvement
A latent growth curve model to estimate electronic screen use patterns amongst adolescents aged 10 to 17 years
Use of Electronic Media and its Relationship with Academic Achievement among School Going Adolescents
Leisure Time Activities and Subjective Happiness in Early Adolescents from Three Ibero-American Countries
Girls (and Boys) Just Want to Have Fun
Participation in Play and Leisure Activities of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Children in Taiwan
Children's Behavioral Problems (Bps) in Kindergarten
Adolescents’ Alcohol Use
Fitness Level Differences between Students in Kosovo and Montenegro
How Does the Covid-19 Pandemic Affect Young Children’s Screen Time? The Role of Bioecological Factors
Children’s Daily Activity Patterns and the Influence of Multilevel Ecological Factors
Children’s Daily Activities and Well-being during the Covid-19 Lockdown
Examining the relation between children’s satisfaction with their time-use and subjective well-being
Enhancing Children’s Reading Time
Youth Decision-Making and Crime
Patterns of Time Use among 12-Year-Old Children and Their Life Satisfaction
The Relation Between children’s Participation in Daily Activities, Their Engagement with Family and Friends, and Subjective Well-Being
Some Time is Better Spent than Other Time
Extracurricular activity involvement is associated with adolescent suicidality through school belongingness
Longitudinal patterns of active leisure among South African youth
Adolescent Development through Leisure
Towards a definition of “hobby”
Variability in daily time use
Asking the Experts
Sibling Similarities and Differences in Time Use
Time alone well spent? A person‐centered analysis of adolescents' solitary activities
After-School Activities, Misbehavior in School, and Delinquency From the End of Elementary School Through the Beginning of High School
What Do They Usually Do After School
Autonomy in After-School Activity Choice Among Preadolescents From Taiwan and the United States
Just Play? A Framework for Analyzing Children’s Time Use
Examining Links Between Motivations for Social Withdrawal, Time Spent Alone, and Indices of Internalizing Problems in Childhood and Early Adolescence
Extracurricular Involvement in Community Youth Centers
Mental health in context
Extracurricular Activities and Disadvantaged Youth
Developmental coordination disorder and internalizing problems in children
The Relationship between Parental Attitudes toward Nature and the Amount of Time Children Spend in Outdoor Recreation
Winners” and “Losers”
Self-Defining Activities, Expressive Identity, and Adolescent Wellness
Play in Middle Childhood
Favoured Free-time
The role of peer delinquency and unstructured socializing in explaining delinquency and substance use
Trying to keep children out of trouble
Effects of Extracurricular Participation on the Internalizing Problems and Intrapersonal Strengths of Youth in a System of Care
A Typology of Youth Participation and Empowerment for Child and Adolescent Health Promotion
Engagement in After‐School Programs as a Predictor of Social Competence and Academic Performance
Civic participation and the development of adolescent behavior problems
Self-care
Cultural Orientations, Daily Activities, and Adjustment in Mexican American Youth
Relationships Between Discretionary Time Activities, Emotional Experiences, Delinquency and Depressive Symptoms Among Urban African American Adolescents
Organized Activity Involvement, Depressive Symptoms, and Social Adjustment in Adolescents
A School-Level Analysis of Adolescent Extracurricular Activity, Delinquency, and Depression
Explaining Sibling Similarities
Breadth and Intensity of Youth Activity Involvement as Contexts for Positive Development
Implications of Out-of-School Activities for School Engagement in African American Adolescents
Bidirectional Influences Between Dimensions of Coparenting and Adolescent Adjustment
Parental involvement in adolescent romantic relationships
Organized Activity Participation and Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms
All Middle‐Class Families Are Not Created Equal
Links Between Sex-Typed Time Use in Middle Childhood and Gender Development in Early Adolescence
Parents, Peers, and Problem Behavior
Why Is Involvement in Unstructured Socializing Related to Adolescent Delinquency
The Benefits and Drawbacks of Gender Typing
Quantity of Maternal Time and Child and Adolescent Development
Adolescent Future Orientation
An Ecological Perspective on the Media and Youth Development
Interparental Incongruence in Differential Treatment of Adolescent Siblings
Family Time and the Psychosocial Adjustment of Adolescent Siblings and Their Parents
With the Boys
Extracurricular activities
Participation in Extracurricular Activities in Secondary School
The Othello Effect
The Ecology of Human Development
Student Council, Volunteering, Basketball, or Marching Band
Introduction
Temporal rhythms in family life
The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research
Routine Activities and Individual Deviant Behavior
How children and adolescents spend time across the world
What Did You Do Today? Children's Use of Time, Family Composition, and the Acquisition of Social Capital
| Unique citing works | 89 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3,87 |
| Citation span | 2003 - 2026 (24) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 79 |