The Determinants of Earnings
A Behavioral Approach
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 23329451 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Samuel Bowle (0000-0001-6068-4430, Santa Fe Institute), Samuel Bowles (Santa Fe Institute and University of Massachusetts.), Herbert Gintis (University of Massachusetts and Santa Fe Institute.), Melissa Osborne (0000-0002-5259-1880, Towson University) |
| Year | 2001 |
| Volume | 39 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 1137-1176 |
| Publication date | 2001-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Economic Literature (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-0515 • E-ISSN: 1547-1101 |
| Publisher | American Economic Association (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1257/jel.39.4.1137 |
| OpenAlex | W1987724300 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 219 |
| References cited | 76 |
We survey the determinants of earnings and propose a framework for understanding labor market success. We suggest that the advantages of the children of successful parents go considerably beyond the benefits of superior education, the inheritance of wealth, or the genetic inheritance of cognitive ability. We suggest that noncognitive personality variables, such as attitudes towards risk, ability to adapt to new economic conditions, hard work, and the rate of time preference affect both earning and the transmission of economic status across generations.
Affect (linguistics) · Biology · Cognition · Demographic economics · Earnings · Economics · Inheritance (genetic algorithm) · Labour economics · Microeconomics · Personality · Preference · Time preference · Work (physics) · Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis · Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies · Labor market dynamics and wage inequality · Psychology · Social Psychology
Education and Equal Life-Chances
A New Social Question?
Measuring Skills in Developing Countries
Declining Job Quality in the United States
The stature of the self-employed and its relation with earnings and satisfaction
Height in mid childhood and psychosocial competencies in late childhood
Fetal growth and neurobehavioral outcomes in childhood
The Economics and Psychology of Inequality and Human DEvelopment
Who Gets Ahead in Estonia and America? A Comparative Analysis of Mental Ability and Social Origin as Determinants of Success
Cambio tecnológico y sus efectos en el mercado de trabajo
Political Protest and Personality Traits
Fixed term contracts and employers' human capital
How important is your personality? Labor market returns to personality for women in the US and UK
Social and behavioral skills and the gender gap in early educational achievement
Lohnunterschiede im Spannungsfeld von sozialer Herkunft und individueller Bildung
Discrimination in the Credential Society
What Do Test Scores Miss? The Importance of Teacher Effects on Non–Test Score Outcomes
Formulating, Identifying and Estimating the Technology of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skill Formation
The Economics and Psychology of Personality Traits
Technical Change, Inequality, and the Labor Market
Distributional Changes in the Gender Wage Gap
Laboratory Measure of Cheating Predicts School Misconduct
School readiness and later achievement
The role of task persistence in young adolescence for successful educational and occupational attainment in middle adulthood
Political Interest, Cognitive Ability and Personality
Incentive-Enhancing Preferences
Social Mobility in a High-Inequality Regime
The Medicalization of Society
Handbook of Education Policy Research
Higher Education Market
Education and Income Distribution
Personality and Economics
A Field Experiment on the Role of Socioemotional Skills and Gender for Hiring in Turkey
Patience in a Foraging-Horticultural Society
Job Skills and Minority Youth
The Economics of Education
Equity in Education
The Effect of Literacy on Immigrant Earnings
The Economics of International Differences in Educational Achievement
Socioeconomic status, depression disparities, and financial strain
Happiness, freedom and control
The Labor Market Returns to Cognitive and Noncognitive Ability
The economics, technology, and neuroscience of human capability formation
Kindergarten skills and fifth-grade achievement
The Distribution of Teacher Quality and Implications for Policy
Are Risk Aversion and Impatience Related to Cognitive Ability?
Schools, Skills, and Synapses
Intelligence and socioeconomic success
The Role of Cognitive Skills in Economic Development
Returns to skills around the world
The economic value of higher teacher quality
Personality Psychology and Economics
Cognitive skills affect economic preferences, strategic behavior, and job attachment
The returns to cognitive abilities and personality traits in Germany
Do better schools lead to more growth? Cognitive skills, economic outcomes, and causation
Identity and Schooling
The Technology of Skill Formation
We – today’s and tomorrow’s – people of the united world
Jobs with Equality
Urban interactions
Parental Schooling, Educational Attainment, Skills, and Earnings
Parental Involvement and the Intergenerational Transmission of Economic Preferences, Attitudes and Personality Traits
Personality and the marginal utility of income
Hard evidence on soft skills
Higher Education Expansion, Selections Based on Non-Cognitive Abilities and Gender Differences
Multidimensional human capital formation in a developing country
Why does height matter for educational attainment? Evidence from German children
Can Physical Exercise Promote the Development of Teenagers’ Non-Cognitive Ability?—Evidence from China Education Panel Survey (2014–2015)
The Development of Informal Competences Between the End of Compulsory School and Early Adulthood
Preschool education and non-cognitive skills
How Education Subsidies Affect Junior High School Students’ Noncognitive Ability Development
Exploring social skills activities in college and the initial career outcomes of alumni
Graduate employability in Europe
Economics and social stratification
Effets des compétences sur l’emploi
Impact of Graduating with Honours on Entry Wages of Economics Majors
The demand for data analytical skills by gender
The Effect of High‐Impact Practices on Vocational College Students' Non‐Cognitive Skills
Socio‐Economic Status and Creativity
Performance pay and alcohol use in Germany
Human capital and socialism builders
Mechanisms and pathways linking kindergarten behavior problems with mid-life employment earnings for males from low-income neighborhoods
Identity-based Earning Discrimination among Chinese People
Most Likely to Succeed
The microeconomics of early child investment
Earnings inequality and skill mismatch in the U.S
The Generalized Low-Quality Syndrome
Curriculum Placement, Race, Class and Gender Differences in Wage Growth Amongst Non-College Workers
What Matters in the Transition From School to Vocational Training in Germany
Neighborhood Racial/Ethnic Concentration, Social Disadvantage, and Homicide Risk
Creativity, education or what? On the measurement of regional human capital
Influence of female managers on gender wage gap and returns to cognitive and non‐cognitive skills
Scholastic ability vs family background in educational success
Labor Market Disparities Between African Americans and Afro Caribbeans
Getting a Worker
Les compétences non académiques en question
The impact of art-education on human Capital
The relationship between access to pre-school education and the development of social-emotional competencies
Accumulation collective et valorisation des connaissances dans l’économie cubaine (1959-2006)
Accumulation collective et valorisation des connaissances dans l’économie cubaine (1959-2006)
Does Money Matter?
The heritability of IQ
The Endogenous Determination of Time Preference
Personality Measures as Predictors of Job Performance
The Nonequivalence of High School Equivalents
The Economic Reality of the Beauty Myth
Incentive-Enhancing Preferences
Individual Discount Rates and the Purchase and Utilization of Energy-Using Durables
Policies to foster human capital
The Impact of Psychological and Human Capital on Wages
Temporal discounting in choice between delayed rewards
Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
Changes in Relative Wages, 1963-1987
The Big Five Personality Dimensions and Job Performance
The Nature of Labor Exchange and the Theory of Capitalist Production
Unobservables with a Variance-Components Structure
Personal Traits and "Success" in Schooling and Work
The "Inheritance of IQ" and the Intergenerational Reproduction of Economic Inequality
Does School Quality Matter? Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
Migration as Investment
The Effects of Family Characteristics on the Return to Education
The Growing Importance of Cognitive Skills in Wage Determination
Testing common sense
Socioeconomic status and obesity
Achievement and Machiavellianism among Men and Women Managers
The relevance of standard estimates of rates of return to schooling for education policy
Evaluating the Benefits and Costs of the Job Corps
Long-Run Effects of Motivation on Labor-Market Success
Socioeconomic Achievement and the Machiavellian Personality
A Note on the Interrelations among Intellectual Ability, Educational Attainment, and Occupational Achievement
Cognitive Skill, Skill Demands of Jobs, and Earnings among Young European American, African American, and Mexican American Workers
What Does the Afqt Really Measure
Earnings Profile
Education, Income, and Ability
Schooling and Inequality from Generation to Generation
Galton versus the Human Capital Approach to Inheritance
Endowments and the Allocation of Schooling in the Family and in the Marriage Market
Wage Inequality and the Rise in Returns to Skill
Education in Production
Primary Schooling, Cognitive Skills and Wages in South Africa
The Nature of the Firm
Intergenerational Mobility in Britain
An Economic Approach to Social Capital
Obesity and socioeconomic status
The Black-White Test Score Gap
Incentives and Social Capital
The Educational and Early Occupational Status Attainment Process
Race, Socialization and Mobility in Educational and Early Occupational Attainment
Dimensions of Educational and Occupational Attainment in Great Britain
The Role of Human Capital in Earnings Differences Between Black and White Men
The validity and utility of selection methods in personnel psychology
The Inheritance of Inequality
The Effect on Black-White Wage Differences of Differences in the Quantity and Quality of Education
Elements of Pure Economics
Region, Migration and the Earnings of White and Black Men
Verbal Ability and Socioeconomic Success
| Unique citing works | 219 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 8,42 |
| Citation span | 2000 - 2026 (27) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 192 |