Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Backchannels across cultures

A study of Americans and Japanese

Bibliographic Data

ID2907770
AuthorsSheida White (Kamehameha Schools, corresponding author)
Year1989
Volume18
Issue1
Pages59-76
Publication date1989-03-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueLanguage in Society (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0047-4045 • E-ISSN: 1469-8013
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1017/s0047404500013270
OpenAlexW2116436867
LanguageEN
Citations received59
References cited16

The frequency of listener responses, calledbackchannels, was studied in English conversations within and across two cultural groups: Americans from the midwestern United States and Japanese who were born and raised in Japan. The findings reveal that backchannels of several types are displayed far more frequently by Japanese listeners. This appears to be related to the greater use by Japanese of certain discourse constructions that favor backchannels, and to the Japanese culture. The Japanese listening style remains unchanged in cross-cultural conversations, but Americans alter listening style in the direction of their non-native interlocutors. The study found no evidence for the hypothesis that backchanneling conventions that are not shared contribute to negative personality attributions or stereotyping. (Conversational analysis, intercultural communication, Japanese and American English discourse

Active listening · Attribution · Cross-cultural · Intercultural communication · Linguistics · Sociology · Style (visual arts) · Communication · Discourse Analysis in Language Studies · History · Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies · Linguistic Variation and Morphology · Psychology · Social Psychology

  • A cross-cultural examination of the backchannel behavior of Japanese and Americans

    Pino Cutrone•Intercultural Pragmatics•2014

  • Invisible culture and cultural variation in language use

    Open Access•Pedro De Moraes Garcez•Revista Linguagem & Ensino•2019

  • A case study examining backchannels in conversations between Japanese–British dyads

    Pino Cutrone•Multilingua•2005

  • Actitudes lingüísticas, revisión teórica y repercusiones en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras

    Open Access•Mónica Emma Lucía Chamorro•Cuadernos de lingüística hispánica•2021

  • Complaints as Positive Strategies

    Diana Boxer•TESOL Quarterly•1993

  • Attitudes to Language

    Open Access•Peter Garrett•Attitudes to Language•2010

  • Bidirectional Multi-modal Signs of Checking Human-Robot Engagement and Interaction

    Open Access•Umberto Maniscalco, Pietro Storniolo et al.•International Journal of Social…•2022

  • The effects of teacher nodding

    Open Access•Olivia Kennedy, Noriaki Kuwahara et al.•Frontiers in Education•2024

  • Backchannels in conversations between autistic adults are less frequent and less diverse prosodically and lexically

    Open Access•Simon Wehrle, Kai Vogeley et al.•Language and Cognition•2024

  • Reaching beneath the tip of the iceberg

    Open Access•Christoph Rühlemann, Alexander Ptak•Open Linguistics•2023

  • Videoconferencing with strangers

    Veronica G Sardegna, Daniella Molle•Intercultural Pragmatics•2010

  • Functions of Frequently Used Back Channels in a Corpus of Intercultural Conversations between Hong Kong Chinese (HKC) and native English Speakers (NES)

    Open Access•Yau Ni Wan, Jenny Yau-ni Wan•Journal of Intercultural…•2018

  • TCU-initial backchannel overlap in storytelling

    Open Access•Christoph Rühlemann•Narrative Inquiry•2018

  • English in a Japanese company

    Open Access•Phillip R Morrow•World Englishes•1995

  • Constructing small talk in learner-native speaker voice-based telecollaboration

    Open Access•Arthur Barron, Anne Barron et al.•System•2014

  • The effects of backchannels on fluency in L2 oral task production

    Open Access•James P Wolf•System•2008

  • Developing interactional competence during study abroad

    Open Access•Roma Louise Shively•System•2014

  • ‘Tiny but Mighty’ Conversational Elements

    Open Access•Kadriye Aytaç Demirçivi, Hale Işık-Güler•Dilbilim Araştırmaları Dergisi•2023

  • Learning conversational dependency

    Open Access•Tomoko Tatsumi, Giovanni Sala•Journal of Child Language•2023

  • Japanese preschool children's narrative development

    Open Access•Masahiko Minami•First Language•1996

  • Rethinking linguistic feedback

    Open Access•Anastasia Bauer, Sonja Gipper et al.•Glossa a journal of general…•2026

  • Backchannels and the pragmatics of South Asian Englishes

    Open Access•Michelle Kraaz, Tobias Bernaisch•World Englishes•2022

  • Turn-taking in Japanese television interviews

    Open Access•Lidia Tanaka•Pragmatics Quarterly Publication…•2022

  • Displays of concession in university faculty meetings

    Open Access•Scott Saft•Pragmatics Quarterly Publication…•2022

  • The use of listener responses in Mandarin Chinese and Australian English conversations

    Open Access•Deng Xudong•Pragmatics Quarterly Publication…•2022

  • Listening Strategies in Sociolinguistic Interviews. Convergence and Divergence

    Marty Laforest•Culture•2021

  • You must have a wealth of stories’

    Yasunari Fujii•Multilingua•2008

  • When conveying a message may hurt the relationship

    Open Access•Yuri Miyamoto, Norbert Schwarz•Journal of Experimental Social…•2005

  • Code‐switching in conversation‐for‐learning

    Open Access•Erica Zimmerman•Foreign Language Annals•2020

  • Developing and testing interaction-based coding schemes for the analysis of sociolinguistic variation

    Open Access•Mirjam Elisabeth Eiswirth•Language & Communication•2022

  • Prosodic features which cue back-channel responses in English and Japanese

    Open Access•Nigel G Ward, Nigel Ward et al.•Journal of Pragmatics•2000

  • Marking a ‘noticing of departure’ in talk

    Open Access•Makoto Hayashi•Journal of Pragmatics•2009

  • Increasing interactional accountability in the quantitative analysis of sociolinguistic variation

    Open Access•Mirjam Elisabeth Eiswirth•Journal of Pragmatics•2020

  • Backchannel responses as strategic responses in bilingual speakers’ conversations

    Open Access•Matthias Heinz, Bettina Heinz•Journal of Pragmatics•2003

  • Exploring aizuchi as resources in Japanese social interaction

    Open Access•Scott Saft•Journal of Pragmatics•2007

  • Language‐Invariant Strategies of Navigating Transitions in Joint Activities

    Open Access•Natalia Morozova, Sabine Stoll et al.•Cognitive Science•2025

  • Backchannel forms and functions in context and culture

    Open Access•Raeda Tartory, Sami Khalaf Al-Khawaldeh et al.•Discourse Studies•2024

  • Multimodal Pragmatic Markers of Feedback in Dialogue

    Open Access•Ludivine Crible, Loulou Kosmala•Languages•2025

  • Distribution and Timing of Verbal Backchannels in Conversational Speech

    Open Access•Michael Paierl, Anneliese Kelterer et al.•Languages•2025

  • Turn-taking

    Open Access•Daniel C O''Connell, Daniel C O’connell et al.•Journal of Psycholinguistic…•1990

  • Rhythmicity, sequence and syncrony of English and Japanese face-to-face conversation

    Open Access•Reiko Hayashi•Language Sciences•1990

  • Epilogue

    Open Access•G Kasper, Kenneth R Rose•Language Learning•2002

  • Doctors, Patients, and Interpreters' Views on the Co-Construction of Empathic Communication in Interpreter-Mediated Consultations

    Open Access•Laura Theys, Cornelia Wermuth et al.•Qualitative Health Research•2022

  • Encouraging Learners' Conversational Participation

    Open Access•Jane Zuengler•Language Learning•1993

  • Learners' perception and interpretation of contextualization cues in spontaneous Japanese conversation

    Open Access•Hiroji Ishida•Journal of Pragmatics•2006

  • The particle ne as a turn-management device in Japanese conversation

    Open Access•Hiroko Tanaka•Journal of Pragmatics•2000

  • It has the ability to make the other person feel comfortable

    Open Access•J A Todd•Lingua•2019

  • Stylistic Accommodation on an Internet Forum as Bonding

    Open Access•Kasper Welbers, W De Nooy•American Behavioral Scientist•2014

  • Identifying units in interaction

    Open Access•Richard F Young, Jina Lee•Journal of Sociolinguistics•2004

  • The conversational use of reactive tokens in English, Japanese, and Mandarin

    Open Access•Patricia M Clancy, Scott A Thompson et al.•Journal of Pragmatics•1996

  • The acquisition of Japanese backchanneling behavior

    Open Access•Susanne Miyata, Hiro Yuki Nisisawa•Journal of Pragmatics•2007

  • The workings of the Japanese token hee in informing sequences

    Open Access•Joyce Mori•Journal of Pragmatics•2006

  • English backchannels in Mandarin conversations

    Open Access•H Tao, Scott A Thompson et al.•Journal of Pragmatics•1991

  • Backchannels are not always very short utterances. The case of Italian Multi-Unit Backchannels

    Open Access•Daniela Mereu, Francesco Cangemi et al.•Journal of Pragmatics•2024

  • Are you listening? Cultural influences on the use of supportive verbal feedback in conversation

    Open Access•Maria Stubbe•Journal of Pragmatics•1998

  • Language socialization in Japanese elementary schools

    Open Access•Haruko Minegishi Cook•Journal of Pragmatics•1999

  • Backchannels across cultures

    Open Access•Sheida White•Language in Society•1989

  • Tell me about when you were hitchhiking

    Yasunari Fujii•Language in Society•2007

  • Code-switching between Mandarin and English

    Open Access•Jung‐ying Lu•World Englishes•1991

  • Japanese Patterns of Behavior

    Takie Sugiyama Lebra•Japanese Patterns of Behavior•1976

  • Language transfer in language learning

    Larry Selinker, Susan M Gass•Language transfer in language…•1983

  • English and Japanese in Contrast

    Nancy Hildebrandt, Nancy Nakanishi Hildebrandt et al.•TESOL Quarterly•1980

  • Research Methodology and the Question of Validity

    Nessa Wolfson•TESOL Quarterly•1986

  • Relationship between vocalizations and head nods as listener responses

    Allen T Dittmann, Lynn G Llewellyn•Journal of Personality and Social…•1968

  • The Interactional Origins of Foreigner Talk

    Catherine E Snow, Roos Eeden et al.•International Journal of the…•1981

  • On back-channel behavior in Japanese and English casual conversation

    Open Access•Senko K Maynard•Linguistics•1986

  • The Sensitive Period for the Acquisition of Syntax in a Second Language 1

    Open Access•Mark S Patkowski, Mark Patkowski•Language Learning•1980

  • Backchannels across cultures

    Open Access•Sheida White•Language in Society•1989

  • On the structure of speaker-auditor interaction during speaking turns

    Open Access•Starkey Duncan•Language in Society•1974

  • The interactional accomplishment of discrimination in South Africa

    Open Access•J Keith Chick•Language in Society•1985

  • The Conceptualization and Measurement of Interpersonal Communication Satisfaction

    Open Access•Michael L Hecht•Human Communication Research•1978

  • Discourse Strategies

    Open Access•John J Gumperz•Discourse Strategies•1982

Unique citing works59
Citations per year1,59
Citation span1989 - 2026 (38)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 54

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae