Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Where the Votes Come From

An Analysis of Electoral Coalitions, 1952-1968

Bibliographic Data

ID3520366
AuthorsRobert Axelrod (0000-0003-4758-6590, University of California System, corresponding author)
Year1972
Volume66
Issue1
Pages11-20
Publication date1972-03-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Political Science Review (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0003-0554 • E-ISSN: 1537-5943
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.2307/1959275
OpenAlexW2055431384
LanguageEN
Citations received86
References cited8

This paper describes how the contributions that different groups make to a party's total strength can be specified by breaking down each contribution into its three components-size, turnout, and loyalty. Through the use of survey data on reported vote rather than party identification, the voting coalitions of the Democrats and Republicans are analyzed. By means of examples of selected groups, the actual magnitude of these contributions and their components are presented for each of the last five presidential elections. Major attention is given to a group-by-group evaluation of the generally accepted view that the Democrats are a coalition of diverse overlapping minorities including the poor, Blacks, union members, Catholics and Jews, Southerners, city dwellers and perhaps the young; and the view that the Republicans have appeal for the corresponding non-minorities. The empirical results show which aspects of these views are valid and which are not. Some implications for the party system as well as the strategic considerations inherent in this approach are also discussed

Appeal · Identification (biology · Loyalty · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Presidential system · Sociology · Turnout · Voter turnout · Voting · Electoral Systems and Political Participation · Law · Policy Transfer and Learning · Political Influence and Corporate Strategies · Public Administration

  • Beyond the New Deal

    Joel Paddock•The Western Political Quarterly•1990

  • Toward a Sixth Party System? Partisanship and Political Development

    Open Access•James F Ward, James Ward•The Western Political Quarterly•1973

  • Income, Economic Voting, and Long-Term Political Change in the U.S., 1952-1996

    Clem Brooks, D Brady•Social Forces•1999

  • Coalition Government

    Daniel Diermeier•The Oxford handbook of political…•2009

  • Social Democratic Parties and the Working Class

    Open Access•Line Rennwald•Social Democratic Parties and the…•2020

  • Catholic Partisanship in the 2020 Presidential Election

    Open Access•Thomas V Feingold, James Guth•POLITICS AND RELIGION JOURNAL•2023

  • Who Will Gain and Who Will Lose Influence Under Different Electoral Rules

    Seymour Spilerman, David R Dickens et al.•American Journal of Sociology•1974

  • Group Size, Turnout, and Political Alignments and the Development of U.S. Party Coalitions,1960-1992

    Jeffrey Manza, Clem Brooks•European Sociological Review•1999

  • A Theory of the Emergence, Persistence, and Expression of Geographic Variation in Psychological Characteristics

    Open Access•Peter J Rentfrow, Samuel D Gosling et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2008

  • Educational Polarization in American Politics

    Open Access•Joshua N Zingher•American Politics Research•2026

  • Black Appointed Officials

    Open Access•Robert Courtney Smith•Journal of Black Studies•1984

  • If Men Stayed Home … The Gender Gap in Recent Congressional Elections

    Open Access•Laura R Winsky Mattei, Franco Mattei•Political Research Quarterly•1998

  • Union Political Activities

    Open Access•Marick F Masters, John Thomas Delaney•Industrial and Labor Relations…•1987

  • Dictating play to the left wing

    Open Access•Johan Rewilak•Frontiers in Sports and Active…•2023

  • Working Class Hero? Interrogating the Social Bases of the Rise of Donald Trump

    Open Access•Jeff Manza, Ned Crowley•The Forum•2017

  • Ideological Heterogeneity and the Rise of Donald Trump

    Open Access•E G Carmines, Michael J Ensley et al.•The Forum•2016

  • Divided by Identity on the Left? Partisan Spillover and Identity Politics Alignment

    Open Access•Willie Gin•The Forum•2021

  • Explaining Partisan Change among Northeastern Whites

    Open Access•Jonathan Knuckey•Politics & Policy•2009

  • People are running, but where are they heading?’ Disentangling the sources of electoral volatility

    Open Access•Reid Gómez, Raul Gomez•Comparative European Politics•2015

  • White Voters, A Key Piece of the Puzzle

    DeeAnn Grove•PS Political Science & Politics•2018

  • Efficacy of inoculation strategies in promoting resistance to political attack messages

    Michael Pfau, Henry C Kenski et al.•Communication Monographs•1990

  • American Indian tribal government support of office-seekers

    Open Access•Jeff Corntassel, Jeff J Corntassel et al.•The Social Science Journal•1997

  • Religious Influences in the 2004 Presidential Election

    Open Access•James Guth, Lyman A Kellstedt et al.•Presidential Studies Quarterly•2006

  • Electoral College reform and the distribution of voting power

    Open Access•Douglas H Blair•Public Choice•1979

  • Beyond the New Deal

    Open Access•Joel Paddock•The Western Political Quarterly•1990

  • The Democratic Party Coalition in the Eighties

    Open Access•David Gopoian, Derek J Hackett et al.•The Western Political Quarterly•1987

  • A Great Divide? Religion and Political Change in U.S. National Elections, 1972-2000

    Open Access•Clem Brooks, Jeff Manza•Sociological Quarterly•2004

  • A Great Divide? Religion and Political Change in U.S. National Elections, 1972–2000

    Open Access•Clem Brooks, Jeff Manza•Sociological Quarterly•2004

  • Measuring the Contribution of Voting Blocs to Election Outcomes

    Justin Grimmer, William Marble et al.•The Journal of Politics•2024

  • Stability and Change in European Electorates

    Open Access•Alan S Zuckerman, Alan Zuckerman et al.•World Politics•1977

  • Exploiting the Opportunity for Reconstructive Leadership

    Open Access•Curt Nichols, Adam S Myers•American Politics Research•2010

  • Partisanship and Group Support Over Time

    Open Access•Harold W Stanley, William T Bianco et al.•American Political Science Review•1986

  • Class and Party

    Open Access•Jeffrey M Stonecash, Mark D Brewer et al.•Political Research Quarterly•2000

  • Group Identification in Political Context

    Jeffrey W Koch•Political Psychology•1994

  • Group Components of U.S. Presidential Voting Across the States

    Open Access•Robert A Jackson, Robert Jackson et al.•Political Behavior•1999

  • Inoculation in Political Campaign Communication

    Open Access•Michael Pfau, Michael Burgoon•Human Communication Research•1988

  • Changes in the American Party System, 1948–72

    Open Access•Peter Fotheringham•Government and Opposition•1973

  • The social group dynamics of partisan evaluations

    Open Access•Arthur H Miller, Christopher Wlezien•Electoral Studies•1993

  • Social Cleavages and Political Alignments

    Clem Brooks, Jeff Manza•American Sociological Review•1997

  • Electoral Coalitions in the Shadow of the Pandemic

    Open Access•Michael Drašar•Czech Sociological Review•2024

  • Left and Right With Chinese Characteristics

    Open Access•Andrew J Nathan, Tianjian Shi•World Politics•1996

  • The Effect of Primary Divisiveness in Gubernatorial and Senatorial Elections

    Patrick J Kenney, Tom W Rice•The Journal of Politics•1984

  • The Quality of Record Keeping and Racial Differences in Validated Turnout

    Paul R Abramson, William Claggett•The Journal of Politics•1992

  • Group Components of the Presidential Vote, 1952-1984

    Robert S Erikson, Thomas D Lancaster et al.•The Journal of Politics•1989

  • Social Exclusion and Political Identity

    Andrew Kuo, Alexander Kuo et al.•The Journal of Politics•2017

  • Organized Labor in the Electorate, 1960-1988

    Open Access•David J Sousa, David Sousa•Political Research Quarterly•1993

  • The Structure of Attitudes Toward Groups

    Open Access•Frank P Zinni, Franco Mattei et al.•Political Research Quarterly•1997

  • The Structure and Dynamics of Group Politics

    Open Access•Frank P Zinni, Laurie A Rhodebeck et al.•Political Behavior•1997

  • Party composition in the American states

    Open Access•Patrick J Kenney, Tom W Rice•Political Behavior•1985

  • Forecasts and Preferences in the 1992 General Election

    Open Access•James G Gimpel, Diane Hollern Harvey•Political Behavior•1997

  • Which Party Represents My Group? The Group Foundations of Partisan Choice and Polarization

    Open Access•Ryan L Claassen, Paul A Djupe et al.•Political Behavior•2021

  • Division Does Not Imply Predictability

    Open Access•Seo-Young Silvia Kim, Jan Zilinsky•Political Behavior•2024

  • Equilibria and Restoring Forces in Models of Vote Dynamics

    Open Access•Michael D Mcdonald, R E Best et al.•Political Analysis•2006

  • The survival of the Democratic Party outside the South

    Open Access•Jonathan Knuckey•Party Politics•2015

  • Party Platforms and Party Coalitions

    Open Access•Kimberly H Conger•Party Politics•2010

  • An Analysis of the Group Bases of British Politics

    Open Access•Benjamin Farrer, Joshua N Zingher•Parliamentary Affairs•2023

  • Toward an Explanation of Experimentally Obtained Outcomes to a Simple, Majority Rule Game

    Open Access•T Edward Westen, James J Buckley•Journal of Conflict Resolution•1974

  • Intra-Party Politics and Minority Coalition Government in South Korea

    Open Access•Youngmi Kim, Young‐mi Kim•Japanese Journal of Political…•2008

  • The declining electoral relevance of traditional cleavage groups

    Open Access•R E Best•European Political Science Review•2011

  • Optimal Electoral Strategies for Socialist Parties

    Open Access•Mark Lichbach•Comparative Political Studies•1984

  • Race, Politics and Elites

    David Cingranelli, David L Cingranelli•American Journal of Political…•1981

  • Electoral Change in the United States and Great Britain

    Open Access•Richard W Boyd, Richard Boyd•British Journal of Political…•1985

  • A Framework for the Study of Personality and Political Behaviour

    Open Access•Jeffery J Mondak, Karen D Halperin et al.•British Journal of Political…•2008

  • The Social Bases of Political Parties

    Open Access•Gary Marks, David Attewell et al.•British Journal of Political…•2023

  • A Delayed Return to Historical Norms

    Open Access•Hahrie Han, D Brady et al.•British Journal of Political…•2007

  • Partisanship and Non-Partisanship Among American Indians

    Open Access•Jeffrey W Koch•American Politics Research•2017

  • Group Effects on Party Identification and Party Coalitions across the United States

    Open Access•Robert A Jackson, Robert Jackson et al.•American Politics Research•2002

  • Lost in the New Deal Realignment

    Open Access•Helmut Norpoth•PS Political Science & Politics•2020

  • Three Bizarre Presidential-Election Scenarios

    Open Access•Richard Potthoff•Social Sciences•2019

  • Privatizing the Welfare State

    Open Access•Nicole P Marwell•American Sociological Review•2004

  • Measuring the Southern Contribution to the Democratic Coalition

    Open Access•Paul R Abramson•American Political Science Review•1987

  • Insider-outsider representation and social democratic labor market policy

    Open Access•Reto Bürgisser, Thomas Kurer•Socio-Economic Review•2021

  • An analysis of the changing social bases of America's political parties

    Open Access•Joshua N Zingher•Electoral Studies•2014

  • The election of 1988 and the structure of American politics

    Open Access•Byron E Shafer•Electoral Studies•1989

  • An analysis of the changing social bases of America's political parties

    Open Access•Joshua N Zingher•Electoral Studies•2019

  • Competitive primaries and party division in congressional elections

    Open Access•Caitlin E Jewitt, Sarah A Treul•Electoral Studies•2014

  • A Politico-Economic Theory of Income Redistribution

    Open Access•Robert D Plotnick, Richard F Winters•American Political Science Review•1985

  • Turnout and the Vote

    Open Access•James Denardo•American Political Science Review•1980

  • The Mass Media and American Politics

    Open Access•Michael Pfau•The Western Political Quarterly•1989

  • Voting Outcomes in the 1984 Democratic Party Primaries and Caucuses

    Open Access•T Parent, T Wayne Parent et al.•American Political Science Review•1987

  • Party Cleavages and Welfare Effort in the American States

    Open Access•Robert D Brown•American Political Science Review•1995

  • Presidential Election Coalitions in 1984

    Open Access•Robert Axelrod•American Political Science Review•1986

  • The Geography of Racially Polarized Voting

    Open Access•Shiro Kuriwaki, Stephen Ansolabehere et al.•American Political Science Review•2024

  • Union Membership and Voting for Cope-Endorsed Candidates

    John Thomas Delaney, Marick F Masters et al.•Industrial and Labor Relations…•1990

  • Changing the Rules Changes the Game

    Open Access•William Cavala•American Political Science Review•1974

  • Mobilizing the Base and Embarrassing the Opposition

    Open Access•Bayliss J Camp•Sociological Perspectives•2008

  • The theory of political coalitions.

    William H Riker•The theory of political coalitions.•1962

  • The Emerging Republican Majority

    Kevin P Phillips, Kevin Phillips et al.•Emerging Republican Majority•2014

  • Political Change in Britain

    Open Access•David Butler, Donald Stokes•Political Change In Britain•1971

  • Secular Realignment and the Party System

    O Key, V O Key et al.•The Journal of Politics•1959

  • A Theory of Critical Elections

    O Key, V O Key et al.•The Journal of Politics•1955

  • The Equilibrium Cycle in Two-Party Politics

    Charles Sellers•Public Opinion Quarterly•1965

Unique citing works86
Citations per year1,62
Citation span1973 - 2026 (54)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 84

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae