Political order, development and social violence
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 3916060 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Sean Fox (0000-0002-4965-6823, Department of International Development, London School of Economics & Political Science, corresponding author), Kristian Hoelscher (0000-0003-2419-1991, Department of Political Science, University of Oslo & Peace Research Institute Oslo) |
| Year | 2012 |
| Volume | 49 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 431-444 |
| Publication date | 2012-05-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Peace Research (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3433 • E-ISSN: 1460-3578 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/0022343311434327 |
| OpenAlex | W2107533319 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 46 |
| References cited | 59 |
Why are some countries more prone to social violence than others? Despite the fact that annual deaths due to homicides worldwide outnumber those due to organized armed conflict by a factor of roughly 3 to 1, this question has received very little attention from conflict and development specialists in recent years. As a modest first step in addressing this gap in the literature we draw together insights from the conflict and criminology literatures to develop a model of social violence that accounts for both political-institutional and socio-economic factors. While there is an extensive literature on the socio-economic determinants of social violence, there are only a handful of studies that consider the significance of political-institutional arrangements. Using cross-country estimates of homicides produced by the World Health Organization as an indicator of social violence, we test our model using OLS regression analysis for a sample of more than 120 countries. We find that countries with 'hybrid' political orders experience higher rates of social violence than those with strong autocratic or strong democratic regimes, and that weakly institutionalized democracies are particularly violent. We also find robust associations between indicators of poverty, inequality and ethnic diversity and social violence. These results indicate that social and political violence share some common underlying causes. We conclude by suggesting that the apparent global decline in organized armed conflict and the concomitant rise in social violence in recent decades may be linked to world urbanization and the 'third wave' of democratization in the global South, although further research is required to confirm this hypothesis
Autocracy · Democracy · Democratization · Development economics · Economic growth · Economics · Environmental health · Poison control · Political economy · Political science · Political violence · Politics · Poverty · Sociology · Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance · Medicine · Political Conflict and Governance · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
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African Urbanisation and Urbanism
The violence dynamics in public security
The Human Cost of the Weapons Trade
Inequality, grievances, and the variability in homicide rates
Rethinking El Salvador’s Homicide Problem
Indigenous peoples’ reactions to foreign direct investment
Rebuilding Countries in a War and Post‐War Context
How international rents moderate business cycles’ relationship to high homicide rates
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The significance of age structure, education, and youth unemployment for explaining subnational variation in violent youth crime in Mexico
Process and Pattern in Institutional Reforms
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Explaining Urban Social Disorder and Violence
Do Remittances Diminish Social Violence
Votes, Drugs, and Violence
Capitalism, Rents and the Transformation of Violence
Healthy populations, political stability, and regime type
War and Postwar Violence
Understanding unlikely successes in urban violence reduction
Kneeling to violent men
Democracy, Egalitarianism and the Homicide Rate
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Government Religious Discrimination, Support of Religion, and Muslim Minority-Related Societal Violence in Western Democracies
Identifying Patterns in the Structural Drivers of Intrastate Conflict
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Riots and rebellion
Politics and social violence in developing democracies
Population pressure, political institutions, and protests
Containing Violence in El Salvador
Did Egypt's post-uprising crime wave increase support for authoritarian rule
Homicide and State History
The second wave of violence scholarship
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Absolute income inequality and rising house prices
Institutional Reform and Violence Reduction in Pernambuco, Brazil
Breaking state impunity in post-authoritarian regimes
The sources of social violence in Latin America
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Mass political violence
Violence and Crime in Cross-National Perspective
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Homicide
Why are there so many civil wars in Africa? Understanding and preventing violent conflict
Ethnic Diversity and Economic Performance
Africa's Growth Tragedy
The world report on violence and health
Fractionalization
Horizontal Inequalities
Nations, States, and Violence
Cross-National Crime
Inequality and Violent Crime
A New Data Set Measuring Income Inequality
What causes violent crime
Greed and grievance in civil war
Developing Democracy
Civil War
Income distribution, political instability, and investment
Economic Development, Inequality, War, and State Violence
Latin American Urban Violence as a Development Concern
Economic Inequality and Its Socioeconomic Impact
Assessing Macro-Level Predictors and Theories of Crime
The Standardized World Income Inequality Database
Why is There More Crime in Cities
Democracy and Crime
Democracy, Crime, and Justice
Counting Crime Booms Among Nations
Regional Differences in the Economic Correlates of the Urban Homicide Rate
A Methodological Addition to the Cross‐national Empirical Literature on Social Structure and Homicide
Income Inequality and Homicide Rates
Poverty, Infant Mortality, and Homicide Rates in Cross‐national Perspective
Social Support, Inequality, and Homicide
Modernization, Self-Control and Lethal Violence. The Long-term Dynamics of European Homicide Rates in Theoretical Perspective
The Effect of Political Regime on Civil War
Sensitivity Analysis of Empirical Results on Civil War Onset
Explaining the Severity of Civil Wars
A Global Model for Forecasting Political Instability
Institutional Inconsistency and Political Instability
A Clash of Generations? Youth Bulges and Political Violence
Slum Wars of the 21st Century
Polarization, Horizontal Inequalities and Violent Civil Conflict
Homicide Rates in a Cross-Section of Countries
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Armed Conflicts, 1946-2009
Toward a Democratic Civil Peace? Democracy, Political Change, and Civil War, 1816-1992
Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War
Inequality and Insurgency
Linking Societal and Psychological Factors to Homicide Rates Across Nations
| Unique citing works | 46 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3,29 |
| Citation span | 2012 - 2026 (15) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 45 |