Biased Language Use in Stereotype Maintenance
The Role of Encoding and Goals
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6201558 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Clemens P J Wenneker, Clemens Wenneker (University of Amsterdam), Daniël Wigboldus (0000-0002-5138-1574, Radboud University Nijmegen), Daniël H J Wigboldus, Russell Spears (0000-0001-5244-0575) |
| Year | 2005 |
| Volume | 89 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 504-516 |
| Publication date | 2005-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.89.4.504 |
| PMID | 16287414 |
| OpenAlex | W2096851593 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 14 |
| References cited | 47 |
In 4 studies, the authors investigated the relative impact of biased encoding of information and communication goals on biased language use. A category label (linguistic expectancy bias, Study 1) or a group label (linguistic intergroup bias, Study 2) was presented either before or after a story that participants were asked to communicate. Biased language use only emerged when participants learned about the group membership of the actor or the category label before hearing the story. However, communication goals had an effect on language use at the retrieval stage, independent of encoding (Studies 3 and 4). Although communication goal effects seemed to overwhelm encoding effects, encoding still influenced language use under externally imposed time pressure (Study 3) and self-imposed time constraints (Study 4). This research reaffirms the importance of both cognitive and communicative processes in stereotype maintenance and highlights the conditions under which they each operate
Cognition · Cognitive psychology · Encoding (memory) · Expectancy theory · Stereotype (UML) · Communication in Education and Healthcare · Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
By their words ye shall know them
Social Psychology and Language
How do vertical conflicts between team leaders and members affect team performance? From a moqi perspective
Legal control of expert witness bias
Honey, Sweetie, Dear
Vorurteile und Diskriminierung in den Medien
When Feelings Speak
The effects of linguistic abstraction on evaluations of the speaker in an intergroup context
Do Gender and Ethnicity Make the Difference? Linguistic Evaluation Bias in Primary School
Linguistic Biases and Persuasion in Communication About Objects
Nouns Cut Slices
Language Puzzles
Could You Mind Your Language
Language Abstraction in Word of Mouth
Handbook of motivation and cognition
Advances In Experimental Social Psychology
Social Cognition
Memory for schema‐relevant information
Linguistic Intergroup Bias
An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict
The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior
A Continuum of Impression Formation, from Category-Based to Individuating Processes
Handbook of Social Cognition
A model of dual attitudes
Memory for expectancy-congruent and expectancy-incongruent information
When Do We Communicate Stereotypes? Influence of the Social Context on the Linguistic Expectancy Bias
Timing of schema activation and memory
Intentional control over prejudice
On the different uses of linguistic abstractness
Processing load and memory for stereotype‐based information
Implicit ambivalence from attitude change
Linguistic intergroup bias
Effects of communication goals and expectancies on language abstraction
Social categorization and memory for in-group and out-group behavior
Attention and weight in person perception
Recall for confirming events
Communication constraints on the linguistic intergroup bias
When stereotypes get in the way
The Projection of Implicit and Explicit Goals
The cognitive functions of linguistic categories in describing persons
The trouble of thinking
How do we communicate stereotypes? Linguistic bases and inferential consequences
Role of expectancy timing and outcome consistency in expectancy-guided retrieval
Goal Contagion
Preferences for separating or combining events
Reconstructing the past
The automated will
Linguistic intergroup bias
Language use in intergroup contexts
Automatic activation of impression formation and memorization goals
Stereotypes and prejudice
Implicit Versus Explicit Strategies of Out-Group Discrimination
| Unique citing works | 14 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0,78 |
| Citation span | 2008 - 2026 (19) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 13 |