Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Exploring the structure of strength-related attitude features

The relation between attitude importance and attitude accessibility

Bibliographic Data

ID6202347
AuthorsGeorge Y Bizer (0000-0002-5430-9076, The Ohio State University), Jon A Krosnick (0000-0003-0336-1613)
Year2001
Volume81
Issue4
Pages566-586
Publication date2001-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037//0022-3514.81.4.566
PMID11642346
OpenAlexW4233385720
LanguageEN
Citations received50
References cited69

One of the most significant current controversies in the attitude literature involves the latent structure of attitude attributes related to their strength. Four studies were conducted to explore whether 2 strength-related attributes (importance and accessibility) are affected identically by various manipulations (which would suggest that they reflect a single latent construct) and whether the attributes cause one another (which would suggest they are distinct constructs). Three laboratory experiments and I survey study show that (a) repeated expression and personal relevance manipulations have different effects on importance and accessibility and (b) increased importance can cause heightened accessibility. Thus, these 2 attitude attributes appear to constitute related but independent constructs. These studies therefore help to illuminate the nature of attitude strength and the interplay of its sources

Attitude · Attitude change · Construct (python library) · Expression (computer science) · Positive attitude · Relation (database · Relevance (law) · Behavioral Health and Interventions · Computer Science · Cultural Differences and Values · Psychology · Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology · Sociopolitical Dynamics in Russia · Youth Development and Social Support

  • Student Death Penalty Attitudes

    Amanda K Cox•Journal of Criminal Justice…•2013

  • Moral Identity

    Open Access•Sam A Hardy, Gustavo Carlo•Emerging Trends in the Social and…•2015

  • Moral Identity

    Sam A Hardy, Gustavo Carlo•Handbook of Identity Theory and…•2011

  • The Psychological Underpinnings of Political Behavior

    Open Access•Jon A Krosnick, Penny S Visser et al.•Handbook of Social Psychology•2010

  • Attitudes and Persuasion

    William D Crano, Radmila Prislin•Annual Review of Psychology•2006

  • Attitude Strength

    Lauren C Howe, Jon A Krosnick•Annual Review of Psychology•2017

  • Understanding the intention-behavior gap

    Open Access•Mycah Conner, Paul Norman•Frontiers in Psychology•2022

  • Moral Identity

    Open Access•Sam A Hardy, Gustavo Carlo•Child Development Perspectives•2011

  • Looking the Other Way

    Open Access•Silvia Knobloch-Westerwick, Silvia Knobloch‐westerwick et al.•Communication Research•2009

  • Judging a Book by Its Cover? The Effect of Anthropomorphism on Product Attribute Processing and Consumer Preference

    Echo Wen Wan, Rocky Peng Chen et al.•Journal of Consumer Research•2016

  • Issue Importance as a Moderator of Framing Effects

    Open Access•Sophie Lecheler, Claes H De Vreese et al.•Communication Research•2009

  • Mediation of conviction in the relationship between media use and affective polarization

    Open Access•Eun-Yeong•Cogent Social Sciences•2026

  • Is video games' effect on attitudes universal? Results from an empirical study comparing video games' impact on the attitude change of players with different backgrounds

    Open Access•Lukáš Kolek, Patrícia Martinková et al.•Journal of Computer Assisted…•2024

  • Connecting Attitude Position and Function

    Open Access•Thomas I Vaughan-Johnston, Devin I Fowlie et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2023

  • The Traditional Explanation for Resistance Versus Attitude Accessibility

    Open Access•Michael Pfau, Josh Compton et al.•Human Communication Research•2004

  • When politics affects the self

    Open Access•Piotr Michalski, Marta Marchlewska et al.•Journal of Social and Political…•2023

  • Vulnerable, threat and influencer characterisation for radicalisation risk assessment

    Shu Jia Chee, Bernice L Z Khoo et al.•Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism…•2023

  • Adolescent Naturalistic Conceptions of Moral Maturity

    Open Access•Sam A Hardy, Lawrence J Walker et al.•Social Development•2011

  • The Handbook of Attitudes, Volume 1

    Dolores Albarracin, Blair T Johnson•Handbook of Attitudes, Volume 1 :…•2018

  • The Meta–Cognitive Model (MCM) of Attitudes

    Richard E Petty, Pablo Briñol et al.•Social Cognition•2007

  • Two ways to be complex and why they matter

    Lucian Gideon Conway, Felix Thoemmes et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2008

  • The mere perception of elaboration creates attitude certainty

    Jamie Barden, Richard E Petty•Journal of Personality and Social…•2008

  • Unpacking attitude certainty

    John V Petrocelli, Zakary L Tormala et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2007

  • How Mass and Social Media (De) polarize America

    Open Access•Seungsu Lee, Jaeho Cho•Communication and the Public•2026

  • Thinking about commitment

    Open Access•Paul E Etcheverry, Benjamin Le•Personal Relationships•2005

  • Explaining the (In)Stability of Voters’ Issue Ownership Perceptions

    Open Access•Lionel Marquis, Anke Tresch•Political Studies•2025

  • Addressing the Problem of Cultural Anchoring

    Open Access•Andrew Miles•Social Psychology Quarterly•2014

  • When mutations meet motivations

    Open Access•Matthew T Crawford, Sean M Mccrea•Journal of Experimental Social…•2003

  • From repetition to conviction

    Open Access•Rob W Holland, Bas Verplanken et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•2003

  • Construction and retrieval of evaluative judgments

    Open Access•Dhananjay Nayakankuppam, Joseph R Priester et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•2017

  • Attitude accessibility and message processing

    Open Access•Jason K Clark, Duane T Wegener et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•2006

  • Do Disagreeable Political Discussion Networks Undermine Attitude Strength

    Open Access•J Robison, Thomas J Leeper et al.•Political Psychology•2016

  • When Web Pages Influence Choice

    Nadine Mandel, Naomi Mandel et al.•Journal of Consumer Research•2002

  • Who Says “It’s the Economy”? Cross-National and Cross-Individual Variation in the Salience of Economic Performance

    Open Access•Matthew M Singer, Matthew Singer•Comparative Political Studies•2011

  • Theoretical and Empirical Implications of Attitude Strength

    Joanne M Miller, Drexel A Peterson et al.•The Journal of Politics•2004

  • Security or Social Spending? Perceptions of Insecurity, Victimization, and Policy Priorities in Mexico and Brazil

    Open Access•Melina Altamirano, Sarah Beren et al.•Political Studies•2024

  • More Important, but for What Exactly? The Insignificant Role of Subjective Issue Importance in Vote Decisions

    Open Access•Thomas J Leeper, J Robison•Political Behavior•2020

  • Beyond Changing Minds

    Open Access•Alexander Kustov•Perspectives on Politics•2025

  • Who influences whom? Inequality in the mutual responsiveness between voters and elites

    Open Access•M A Joosten, Max Joosten•Journal of European Public Policy•2024

  • What goes around comes around

    Open Access•Matthew M Singer, Matthew Singer•European Journal of Political…•2013

  • The Psychology of Quick and Slow Answers

    Open Access•Lionel Marquis•Swiss Political Science Review•2014

  • Attitude Importance and the Accumulation of Attitude-Relevant Knowledge in Memory

    Allyson L Holbrook, Matthew K Berent et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2005

  • A metacognitive approach to "implicit" and "explicit" evaluations

    Richard E Petty, Pablo Briñol•Psychological Bulletin•2006

  • It's not only the economy, stupid! Good governance matters in elections

    Open Access•Diana Burlacu•Electoral Studies•2014

  • When do voters actually think "It's the Economy"? Evidence from the 2008 presidential campaign

    Open Access•Matthew Singer•Electoral Studies•2011

  • Context matters

    Open Access•Jean-François Daoust, Richard Nadeau•Electoral Studies•2021

  • Informal Sector Work and Evaluations of the Incumbent

    Open Access•Matthew M Singer, Matthew Singer•Latin American Politics and Society•2016

  • Exploring the Social and Business Returns of a Corporate Oral Health Initiative Aimed at Disadvantaged Hispanic Families

    Shuili Du, Sankar Sen et al.•Journal of Consumer Research•2008

  • Linear panel analysis

    David F Greenberg, Ronald C Kessler•Linear panel analysis•1981

  • Communication and Persuasion

    Open Access•Richard E Petty, John T Cacioppo•Communication and Persuasion•1986

  • Advances In Experimental Social Psychology

    Bertram Gawronski•Advances in Experimental Social…•2022

  • Attitude Importance and Attitude Accessibility

    Open Access•Jon A Krosnick•Personality and Social Psychology…•1989

  • Self-perception

    Daryl J Bem•Psychological Review•1967

  • Judgment under Uncertainty

    Amos Tversky, Daniel Kahneman•Utility, Probability, and Human…•1975

  • Self-Perception Theory

    Daryl J Bem•Advances in Experimental Social…•1972

  • Number of Scale Points and the Reliability of Scales

    Open Access•S S Komorita, William K Graham•Educational and Psychological…•1965

  • Is There an Optimal Number of Alternatives for Likert Scale Items? Study I

    Open Access•Michael S Matell, Jacob Jacoby•Educational and Psychological…•1971

  • Gauging Public Opinion

    Hadley Cantril•Gauging Public Opinion•1944

  • Personality, Cognition and Social Interaction

    Nancy Cantor, John F Kihlstrom•Personality, Cognition and Social…•2017

  • An Evaluation of the Effects of Variable Sampling On Component, Image, and Factor Analysis

    Wayne F Velicer, Joseph L Fava•Multivariate Behavioral Research•1987

  • The Conflicted Individual

    Open Access•Megan M Thompson, Mark P Zanna•Journal of Personality•1995

  • A Comparison of Three Measures of Attitude Intensity

    Edward L Mcdill•Social Forces•1959

  • Information Transmission in the Survey Interview

    Duane F Alwin•Sociological Methodology•1992

  • Scaling occupational prestige by magnitude estimation and category rating methods

    Open Access•Bernhard Orth, Bernd Wegener•European Journal of Social…•1983

  • Attitude stability and attitude strength

    Open Access•Radmila Prislin•European Journal of Social…•1996

  • Effects of repeated expressions on attitude extremity

    James W Downing, Charles M Judd et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1992

  • The role of attitude importance in social evaluation

    Jon A Krosnick•Journal of Personality and Social…•1988

  • Access to attitude-relevant information in memory as a determinant of persuasion

    Open Access•Wendy Wood, Carl A Kallgren et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•1985

  • Attitude Importance as a Function of Repeated Attitude Expression

    Open Access•Neal J Roese, James M Olson•Journal of Experimental Social…•1994

  • Conviction

    Robert P Abelson•American Psychologist•1988

  • Consequences of violating the independence assumption in analysis of variance

    D A Kenny, Charles M Judd•Psychological Bulletin•1986

  • Issue involvement can increase or decrease persuasion by enhancing message-relevant cognitive responses

    Richard E Petty, John T Cacioppo•Journal of Personality and Social…•1979

  • Meta-judgmental versus operative indexes of psychological attributes

    John N Bassili•Journal of Personality and Social…•1996

  • The effects of personal involvement, communication discrepancy, and source prestige on reactions to communications on separatism

    Gerald J Gorn•Canadian Journal of Behavioural…•1975

  • Attitude Accessibility as a Function of Repeated Attitudinal Expression

    Open Access•Martha C Powell, Russell H Fazio•Personality and Social Psychology…•1984

  • Issue Involvement and Response Effects in Public Opinion Surveys

    George F Bishop•Public Opinion Quarterly•1990

  • Initial Attitude Toward Source and Concept as Factors in Attitude Change Through Communication

    Percy H Tannenbaum•Public Opinion Quarterly•1956

  • Adolescent Attitudes and Lawful Behavior

    Don W Brown•Public Opinion Quarterly•1974

  • The Relationship of National and Personal Issue Salience to Attitude Accessibility on Foreign and Domestic Policy Issues

    Howard Lavine, John L Sullivan et al.•Political Psychology•1996

  • Measurement Error and the Structure of Attitudes

    Donald P Green, Jack Citrin•American Journal of Political…•1994

  • Assessing Peer and Parent Influence on Adolescent Political Attitudes

    Kent L Tedin•American Journal of Political…•1980

  • Comparisons of Party Identification and Policy Preferences

    Jon A Krosnick, Matthew K Berent•American Journal of Political…•1993

  • Issue importance and group choice shifts

    Daniel B Madsen•Journal of Personality and Social…•1978

  • Origins of attitude importance

    David S Boninger, David Boninger et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1995

  • Attitude strength and resistance processes

    Eva M Pomerantz, Shelly Chaiken et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1995

  • Warning, personal involvement, and attitude change

    Robert Apsler, David O Sears•Journal of Personality and Social…•1968

  • The structure of self-conception

    Jon W Hoelter•Journal of Personality and Social…•1985

  • Effects of personal involvement

    Mary A Brickner, Stephen G Harkin et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1986

  • Personal involvement and the robustness of perceptual salience effects

    Eugene Borgida, Beth Howard-Pitney•Journal of Personality and Social…•1983

  • Assumed similarity and opinion certainty

    Rolf Holtz, Norman Miller•Journal of Personality and Social…•1985

  • Attitude strength

    Jon A Krosnick, David S Boninger et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1993

  • Attitude Content-Intensity and Probability Expectations

    Orville G Brim•American Sociological Review•1955

  • Intensity and a Zero Point for Attitude Analysis

    Louis Guttman, Edward A Suchman•American Sociological Review•1947

  • An introduction to the logic, assumptions, and basic analytic procedures of two-stage least squares

    Lawrence R James, B Krishna Singh et al.•Psychological Bulletin•1978

  • A general procedure for the estimation of interdependence

    D A Kenny, Charles M Judd•Psychological Bulletin•1996

  • The Reliability of Survey Attitude Measurement

    Open Access•Duane F Alwin, Jon A Krosnick•Sociological Methods & Research•1991

  • Political competence and ideological constraint

    Open Access•Thomas H Jackson, George E Marcus•Social Science Research•1975

Unique citing works48
Citations per year2,08
Citation span2002 - 2026 (25)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 49

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae