On the updating of spontaneous impressions
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6203572 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Irmak Olcaysoy Okten (0000-0001-6369-0879, Lehigh University), Erica D Schneid (0000-0002-7175-5262, Bloomsburg University), Gordon B Moskowitz (0000-0001-7807-9386, Lehigh University) |
| Year | 2019 |
| Volume | 117 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1-25 |
| Publication date | 2019-07-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/pspa0000156 |
| PMID | 30869988 |
| OpenAlex | W2921997507 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 6 |
| References cited | 61 |
A large body of work has shown that perceivers form spontaneous inferences about others' characteristics (e.g., mean, bad) as soon as they observe their behaviors. However, a question that has not been addressed by previous research is the integration of contingencies of those actions (e.g., perceivers' ultimate goals) that are typically learned over time into the initial spontaneous impressions of those others. Three experiments examined updating of spontaneously formed trait inferences (STIs) and evaluative inferences (SEIs) as a function of the contingency information that alters the meaning of the initial information. All three studies showed that perceivers update their SEIs (both positive and negative) immediately after learning about the contingencies (i.e., transforming information). STIs, however, were not updated, even when the contingency information was provided immediately after the initial behavior information (Experiment 3). Instead, in all three experiments participants formed multiple STIs; one from the behavior information before and one from the information after the contingency. It was only when participants had the opportunity to elaborate on their trait judgments within explicit measures that they revised their judgments and aligned them with the contingency information. The results and the implications of the findings are discussed in light of the theoretical models suggesting separate mechanisms of semantic and evaluative processing in person perception. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
Cognitive psychology · Contingency · Epistemology · Function (biology) · Impression formation · Inference · Meaning (existential) · MEDLINE · Perception · PsycINFO · Social perception · Trait · Behavioral Health and Interventions · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
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The person-positivity bias
When stereotypes get in the way
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Spontaneous evaluative inferences and their relationship to spontaneous trait inferences
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Stereotype efficiency reconsidered
Likableness ratings of 555 personality-trait words
Goal Contagion
Stages in the analysis of persuasive messages
Understanding implicit and explicit attitude change
He did what? The role of diagnosticity in revising implicit evaluations
Goal versus trait explanations
Unintended effects of goals on unintended inferences
Priming Trait Inferences Through Pictures and Moving Pictures
Person memory and causal attributions
Spontaneous trait inferences are bound to actors' faces
Social stereotypes and information-processing strategies
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| Unique citing works | 6 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,2 |
| Citation span | 2021 - 2026 (6) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 6 |