On the social influence of emotions in groups
Interpersonal effects of anger and happiness on conformity versus deviance
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6203801 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Marc W Heerdink (0000-0002-6931-6519, University of Amsterdam), Gerben A Van Kleef (0000-0003-0823-7654, University of Amsterdam), Astrid C Homan (0000-0002-6795-7494, University of Amsterdam), Agneta H Fischer, Agneta Fischer (0000-0001-6939-8174, University of Amsterdam) |
| Year | 2013 |
| Volume | 105 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 262-284 |
| Publication date | 2013-08-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/a0033362 |
| PMID | 23773049 |
| OpenAlex | W2048193377 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 30 |
| References cited | 90 |
How do emotional expressions of group members shape conformity versus deviance in groups? We hypothesized that angry and happy responses to a group member's deviating opinion are interpreted as signals of imminent rejection versus acceptance. In 5 studies, the majority's expressions of anger led the deviant individual to feel rejected, whereas expressions of happiness made the deviant feel accepted. Because conformity can be seen as strategic behavior aimed at gaining (re)acceptance, the effects of emotional expressions on conformity should be moderated by social-contextual factors that determine the motivation to be accepted by the group and by the extent to which conformity is a means to this end. Accordingly, in Study 2, the availability of alternative groups determined whether a deviant conformed to the current group or abandoned the group after an angry reaction. In Study 3, anger and happiness were only associated with conformity pressure in situations that were perceived as cooperative (rather than competitive). Employing an interactive group task in Study 4, we showed that individuals who received an angry reaction contributed less in a cooperative group task than did those who received a neutral or happy reaction. Finally, in Study 5, peripheral group members conformed more after an angry reaction than after a happy reaction, but prototypical group members did not. Moreover, conformity was still manifest 3 weeks after the experiment, and this effect was mediated by feelings of rejection. We discuss implications of these findings for theorizing about social functions of emotions and the role of emotions in groups
Anger · Conformity · Deviance (statistics) · Happiness · Interpersonal communication · Interpersonal interaction · Interpersonal relationship · Cultural Differences and Values · Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
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The art of influence
Emotions as Agents of Social Influence
The social dynamics of breaking the rules
The Social Effects of Emotions
Conformity Behaviors
Emotional Dynamics in Conflict and Negotiation
Modeling the Dynamics of Opinion and Emotion on Social Media
A Motivational Account of Convergence in Emotion Expressions Within Groups
Emotions and Societal Changes
Do you feel the same way I do? Relationship between efficacy of emotion regulation strategies and affective convergence
The Voice Cultivation Process
Being Perceived as a Vital Force or a Burden
The Impact of Experienced and Expressed Emotion on Legal Factfinding
Seeing “Us” and “Them”
Perceived public condemnation and avoidance intentions
Conformity, arousal, and the effect of arbitrary information
Public spaces and happiness
Reducing complexity, signaling, and the pathways to nonsensical policy
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Tactical anger in negotiation
How group-based emotions are shaped by collective emotions
How Does Leader Self‐Sacrifice Lead to Subordinate Self‐Sacrifice? A Conformity Perspective
Suppress for success? Exploring the contexts in which expressing positive emotion can have social costs
Individual- and group-level consequences of divergence in perceived group affect
Understanding the positive and negative effects of emotional expressions in organizations
Context matters
Emotional expressions as social signals of rejection and acceptance
Leader's group-norm violations elicit intentions to leave the group – If the group-norm is not affirmed
The dynamic nature of social norms
Anger and Aggression
Emotion And Adaptation
Mood and Emotions in Small Groups and Work Teams
Ostracism
Attitudes and Persuasion
Social Functions of Emotions at Four Levels of Analysis
Searing Sentiment Or Cold Calculation? The Effects Of Leader Emotional Displays On Team Performance Depend On Follower Epistemic Motivation
Social Ostracism by Coworkers
Emotion, Regulation, and Moral Development
The Contagious Leader
Better Bootstrap Confidence Intervals
The effects of interpersonal trust on work group performance.
Using Nonconscious Behavioral Mimicry to Create Affiliation and Rapport
Reactions to discrimination, stigmatization, ostracism, and other forms of interpersonal rejection
The detection of social exclusion
The paradox of intragroup conflict
Social Identity and Social Emotions
Social Identity Performance
Informal social communication.
Does High Self-Esteem Cause Better Performance, Interpersonal Success, Happiness, or Healthier Lifestyles?
Studies of independence and conformity
Social Influence
An Integrative Model of Organizational Trust
Group members' reactions to opinion deviates and conformists at varying degrees of proximity to decision deadline and of environmental noise
Exploring the Forms of Self-Censorship
The Spiral of Silence a Theory of Public Opinion
The social roles and functions of emotions
An Interpersonal Approach to Emotion in Social Decision Making
How Emotions Regulate Social Life
A Multimethod Examination of the Benefits and Detriments of Intragroup Conflict
The Individual Within the Group
The Social Self
Addressing Moderated Mediation Hypotheses
Group members' reactions to opinion deviates and conformists at varying degrees of proximity to decision deadline and of environmental noise
Group Socialization
Emotion is for influence
Group Size and Conformity
How intragroup dynamics affect behavior in intergroup conflict
Believing shapes seeing
Constructive controversy, the Vroom‐Yetton model, and managerial decision‐making
The positive group affect spiral
Adding injury to insult
Creating the Perceptions of Consistency and Confidence
The common knowledge effect
Role of construal processes in conformity and dissent
The role of categorization and in-group norms in judgments of groups and their members
Motivations for prevention or promotion following social exclusion
Phenomenology, behaviors, and goals differentiate discrete emotions
Maternal emotional signaling
Social referencing
Reactions to acceptance and rejection
Get mad and get more than even
Excluded emotions
Envy up, scorn down
Proposal of a four-dimensional model of social response
Expectations of cooperation and competition and their effects on observers' vicarious emotional responses
Pooling of unshared information in group decision making
Perceptions of Ingroup and Outgroup Variability
Conformity, Group-Oriented Motivation, and Status Attainment in Small Groups
Cyberostracism
Social Exclusion and the Deconstructed State
Sociality of solitary smiling
Beat them or ban them
Going along versus going alone
The Interpersonal Effects of Anger and Happiness in Negotiations
Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is! Explaining Collective Action Tendencies Through Group-Based Anger and Group Efficacy
Core affect, prototypical emotional episodes, and other things called emotion
Evidence of mood linkage in work groups
Social and emotional messages of smiling
The Interpersonal Effects of Emotions in Negotiations
Effects of public and private self-awareness on deindividuation and aggression
"Does social exclusion motivate interpersonal reconnection? Resolving the "porcupine problem
Self-esteem as an interpersonal monitor
What Good Are Positive Emotions
The Evolutionary Significance of Affect in Groups
Emotions are social
Deviation, rejection, and communication
Effects of different conditions of acceptance upon conformity to group norms
A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment
Competence and conformity in the acceptance of influence
Guilt
Effects of perceived dependency relationships upon conformity to group expectations
The need to belong
| Unique citing works | 30 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 2,5 |
| Citation span | 2014 - 2026 (13) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 28 |