The nature of stereotypes
A comparison and integration of three theories
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6204892 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Lee Jussim (0000-0002-7218-3593, University of Michigan), Lerita M Coleman (0000-0003-0639-9174), Lauren Lerch |
| Year | 1987 |
| Volume | 52 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 536-546 |
| Publication date | 1987-03-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.536 |
| OpenAlex | W1982632302 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 125 |
| References cited | 30 |
Cultural Differences and Values · Gender Roles and Identity Studies · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
Not‐so‐great expectations
Labels and the Treatment of Animals
The ‘Black Sheep Effect’
How voice transition and gender identity disclosure shape perceptions of trans men in the hiring process
The impact of violations on uncertainty and the consequences for attractiveness
If Bill Clinton Were a Woman
Parental socialization of sadness regulation in middle childhood
Social perception and social reality
Terror Management Theory of Self-Esteem and Cultural Worldviews
Reactions to Vanguards
Mosaic
Perceptions of Sexual Harassment Victims as a Function of Labeling and Reporting
Race and Social Class as Intersecting Social Categories
Social Cognition and the Study of Clothing and Human Behavior
Toward a Broader View of Social Stereotyping
Buffer or Backfire? Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility Activities in Organizational Crises
How does employee voice influence empowering leadership? The effects of voice tactics and gender
Personality impressions predict intergroup trust behaviour of Southern Chinese
CSR in times of crisis
The face of wrongdoing? An expectancy violations perspective on CEO facial characteristics and media coverage of misconducting firms
Female leadership
Employee intrapreneurship and promotability prospect
‘If they can lead, I can too’
Can Accepting Criticism Be an Effective Impression Management Strategy for Public Figures? A Comparison with Denials and a Counterattack
More Motivated to Help Male Leaders? Explaining Fatherhood Bonuses via Follower Helping
Closer People Hurt You More
Stimulus pairing and statement target information have equal effects on stereotype-relevant evaluations of individuals
Do Female and Male Role Models Who Embody STEM Stereotypes Hinder Women’s Anticipated Success in STEM
Democracy as Justification for Waging War
Foreign-Looking Native-Accented People
Identities, interest group coalitions, and intergroup relations
The Effects of Observer Expectations on Judgments of Anti-Asian Hate Tweets and Online Activism Response
Power to the she
An exploration of unspoken bias
Who wreaks more havoc? Gender and the detrimental effect of abusive supervision on interpersonal deviance
Automating Identification of Toxic Comments in Student Evaluations of Teaching
How Can Women Take Advantage of the High-Tech Era to be Perceived as Effective Leaders? Being Tech-Savvy Helps
The Inverted Hierarchy
When “good guys” do bad things
Gender and parenting
Media representation matters
Reactions to Positive Deviance
Contrast Effects of Stereotypes
Interviews with ethnic interviewees
Employee voice and coworker support
Who gets the benefit of the doubt? The impact of causal reasoning depth on how violations of gender stereotypes are evaluated
Sex proportion and performance evaluation among high‐ranking military officers
Multiple categorization in resume screening
Acting out our minds
Women With Mandarin Accent in the Canadian English-Speaking Hiring Context
Backlash Against Women and Support for Men? On the Perception of Men and Women Researchers in Gender Stereotype-Inconsistent Domains
Women who tell and men who ask
Parental Leaves and Men’s Communality Advantage at Work
Explaining Penalties and Rewards for Gender Norm Violations
Schematic Responses to Sexual Harassment Complainants
The Role of Displays of Emotions and Ethnicity in Judgments of Rape Victims
Social Perception, Social Stereotypes, and Teacher Expectations
Black Candidates, White Voters
When bias binds
Feedback to minorities
Prejudice, stereotypes, and labeling effects
Reactions to ethnic deviance
Power and the objectification of social targets
Getting more from success
Stereotype effects of attributions, predictions, and evaluations
Threatened by the unexpected
Stereotypes and terror management
Stereotypes and teacher characteristics as an explanation for the class-specific disciplinary practices of pre-service teachers
Leading while playing
The role of expectancy violation in the selection of Latino professionals
Defendant-juror similarity and mock juror judgments
Forming impressions from stereotypes, traits, and behaviors
What Women and Men Should Be, Shouldn't be, are Allowed to be, and don't Have to Be
The role of stereotyping in system-justification and the production of false consciousness
The Price of Power
Sex Discrimination in Simulated Employment Contexts
Accuracy in Interpersonal Expectations
What’s Past Is Prologue
The Female Penalty for Novelty and the Offsetting Effect of Alternate Status Characteristics
Power and the Creation of Patronizing Environments
Shifting Standards and Contextual Variation in Stereotyping
Culture and social entrepreneurship
Passion and attractiveness on display
Stay humble and enjoy diversity
Retracted
Black sheep and expectancy violation
When stereotype-based expectancies impair performance
Global value perceptions
Ingroup bias and the ‘black sheep’ effect
In the name of democracy
Socioeconomic status is not judged equally
Affective Consistency and Sorting
Expectancies and Social Issues
Social Reality and Social Problems
Trick of the traits
Longer is better
Collective punishment depends on collective responsibility and political organization of the target group
Evaluations of Ingroup and Outgroup Members
Retracted
Reliance on individuating information and stereotypes in implicit and explicit person perception
Race and Shared Belief as Factors in Social Choice
Cooperative Interaction in Multiethnic Contexts
Towards the Elimination of Racism
Positive and negative prejudice
White and Negro Listeners' Reactions to Various American-English Dialects
Belief congruence and racial discrimination
On the Effects of Social Stereotypes on Judgments of Individuals
The Integration of Implicit Personality Theory Schemas and Stereotype Images
Social categorization and intergroup behaviour
Intergroup Contact
Conceptions of Racial Prejudice
Stimulus characteristics and subject prejudice as determinants of stereotype attribution
Race and belief
Social stereotypes and judgments of individuals
A sociolinguistic approach to the belief-similarity model of racial attitudes
Knowledge structures and evaluative judgments
Sex stereotypes and social judgment
Another look at sex stereotypes and social judgments
Belief versus race as determinants of discrimination
The complexity–extremity effect and age-based stereotyping
Prejudice and politics
Race, status, quality of spoken English, and opinions about civil rights as determinants of interpersonal attitudes
Evaluative race–class stereotypes by race and perceived class of subjects
Polarized appraisals of out-group members
Unfair discrimination in the employment interview
Racial stereotypes of one hundred college students
Mental illness, predictability, and affective consequences as stimulus factors in person perception
In-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation
Race-Class Stereotypes
Evaluational reactions to spoken languages
| Unique citing works | 125 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 3,29 |
| Citation span | 1988 - 2026 (39) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 118 |