Inside the Mind Reader's Tool Kit
Projection and Stereotyping in Mental State Inference
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6207545 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Daniel R Ames (0000-0002-4630-5956, Columbia University, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2004 |
| Volume | 87 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 340-353 |
| Publication date | 2004-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/0022-3514.87.3.340 |
| PMID | 15382984 |
| OpenAlex | W2159175745 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 122 |
| References cited | 49 |
Mental state inferences--judgments about what others think, want, and feel--are central to social life. Models of "mind reading" have considered main effects, including social projection and stereotyping, but have not specified the conditions that govern when these tools will be used. This article develops such a model, claiming that when perceivers assume an initial general sense of similarity to a target, they engage in greater projection and less stereotyping. Three studies featuring manipulations of similarity support this claim. Moreover, reaction time results shed light on the mechanisms underlying these effects. The proposed model gives a new view of the mind reader's tool kit and, more generally, raises questions about moderators of stereotyping and projection in social judgment
Cognition · Cognitive psychology · Epistemology · Image (mathematics) · Inference · Mental state · Perception · Projection (relational algebra) · Reading (process) · Similarity (geometry) · Social cognition · Social perception · Artificial Intelligence · Cultural Differences and Values · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
Sexual overperception as a proximate identification problem
Do sincere apologies need to be costly? Test of a costly signaling model of apology
Accuracy and projection in perceptions of partners’ recent emotional experiences
In the mood to get over yourself
Mutual liking and meta‐perception accuracy
Political polarization projection
Impressions of Milgram's obedient teachers
Is there a hierarchy of social inferences? The likelihood and speed of inferring intentionality, mind, and personality
Appraising the unusual
Their own worst enemy? Collective narcissists are willing to conspire against their in-group
On seeing human
Judgment and Decision Making
Mind Perception
Close Relationships
Social Cognitive Neuroscience
Simulating Minds
An information search model of evaluative concerns in intergroup interaction.
How we know our own minds
Being Seen As Individuals Versus As Group Members
Spontaneous Inferences, Implicit Impressions, and Implicit Theories
How We See Ourselves and How We See Others
Does it take one to know one? Endorsement of conspiracy theories is influenced by personal willingness to conspire
From Agents to Objects
The Social Distance Theory of Power
Difficulty of Imagining Others’ Behaviors and Expectations About Future Interactions
Projection of Visceral Needs
Who's Out of Touch? Media Misperception of Public Opinion on US Foreign Policy
Transparency about a Robot's Lack of Human Psychological Capacities
Anthropomorphic Interactions with a Robot and Robot–like Agent
The First Cut is the Deepest
Social perspective taking
The Benefits and Obstacles to Perspective Getting
Beyond Belief? Delusions and the Regulative Account of Folk Psychology
Motivated Cognition in Cooperation
Joint Interaction and Mutual Understanding in Social Robotics
The importance of self‐knowledge for free action
When is mindreading accurate? A commentary on Shannon Spaulding’s How We Understand Others
Emotional contagion in online groups as a function of valence and status
She is seeking attention
‘Try walking in my shoes’
A leader in need is a leader indeed? The influence of leaders' stress mindset on their perception of employee well‐being and their intended leadership behavior
Strategic Mindsets and Support for Social Change
When Polarization Triggers Out-Group “Counter-Projection” Across the Political Divide
Perspective taking reduces intergroup bias in visual representations of faces
Closeness impeded self-perspective inhibition whereas facilitated explicit perspective calculation
Side-by-Side Sports Reporters
Language policy, ideological clarification and theory of mind
Expecting racial outgroups to view “us” as biased
Does the correlation between self and ingroup/outgroup depend on group favorability
They Cooperate With Us, So They Are Like Me
Perspective-Taking from a Social Neuroscience Standpoint
Aid in the Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina
Investigating antecedents of Islamophobia
Restructured frame‐of‐reference training improves rating accuracy
Know yourself and you shall know the other… to a certain extent
Perspective taking and emotion
The role of the self in mindblindness in autism
Lost in the crowd
Health and Adaptation in a Multiple Self
The wizard and I
Sexual Orientation, Mental Health, Gender, and Spirituality
Can imagined interactions produce positive perceptions
Making sense by making sentient
Potential negative effects of perspective-taking efforts in the context of close relationships
Social perception as induction and inference
I'm like you and you're like me
Polling the face
Perceived perspective taking
How long will I suffer?" versus "How long will you suffer?" A self-other effect in affective forecasting
Academic Self-concept in Black Adolescents
Self-anchoring toward groups shapes changes in intergroup attitudes during intergroup interactions
Gender-Based Relationship Efficacy
Trait and perceived environmental competitiveness in achievement situations
Intimate partner support
What do i think you're doing? Action identification and mind attribution
Understanding Statistical Testing
Changing people’s views of outgroups through individual-to-group generalisation
Why conspiracy theories matter
From social projection to social behaviour
Moderate rating bias in interpersonal recommendations
What do they think of us? Effects of negative meta-stereotypes on hotel employees in China
Intergroup contact and the projection of positivity
Should I Touch the Customer? Rethinking Interpersonal Touch Effects from the Perspective of the Touch Initiator
Goal projection in public places
From regulation to projection
Inferring power‐relevant thoughts and feelings in others
The order effect in self–other predictions
Do you see what I see? How social differences influence mindreading
The impact of culture on mindreading
Strategies for the promotion of humanity attribution to outgroups
Intended responses to romantic partners’ annoying behaviours vary with willpower beliefs
Trust in AI vs. human doctors
Repeated exposure to success harshens reactions to failure
Egocentric projection is a rational strategy for accurate emotion prediction
Simulation
Imagining intergroup contact promotes projection to outgroups
Interpersonal similarity as a social distance dimension
Gender stereotypes as situation–behavior profiles
Anticipated cooperation vs. competition moderates interpersonal projection
Representing other minds
Advances In Experimental Social Psychology
Words, Thoughts, and Theories
Uniqueness
The Child's Theory of Mind
Identification and inferential processes in dispositional attribution.
Emotional intelligence meets traditional standards for an intelligence
Comparison processes in social judgment
How we know our minds
From Acts To Dispositions The Attribution Process In Person Perception
The psychology of interpersonal relations.
A Continuum of Impression Formation, from Category-Based to Individuating Processes
The attribution of blame
Handbook of Social Comparison
The endogenous-exogenous partition in attribution theory
Facing Prejudice
An In-Group Becomes Part of the Self
What being empathic means
Covariational influences on goal-based explanation
Overlapping Mental Representations of Self and In-Group
Social Categorization Moderates Social Projection
The “false consensus effect”
Appraising the unusual
The processes of causal attribution
Inferences about the morality of an aggressor
Use of exemplars and abstractions in trait judgments
The trouble of thinking
Stability and malleability of the self-concept
The dynamic time course of stereotype activation
Traits as goal-based categories
Strategies for Social Inference
Effect of perspective taking on the cognitive representation of persons
Racial and behavioral cues in Black and White children's perceptions of ambiguously aggressive acts
Explaining the evidence
Perspective-taking
Attribution and the unit of perception of ongoing behavior
Some tests of the distinction between the private self and the collective self
When do stereotypes come to mind and when do they color judgment? A goal-based theoretical framework for stereotype activation and application
Methods for dealing with reaction time outliers
| Unique citing works | 122 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 5,55 |
| Citation span | 2004 - 2026 (23) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 112 |