The Moral Psychology of Raceless, Genderless Strangers
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 21786175 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Neil Hester (0000-0003-3025-766X, McGill University, corresponding author), Kurt Gray (0000-0001-5816-2676, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) |
| Year | 2020 |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 216-230 |
| Publication date | 2020-03-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Perspectives on Psychological Science (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1745-6916 • E-ISSN: 1745-6924 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1177/1745691619885840 |
| PMID | 32013724 |
| OpenAlex | W3005353123 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 50 |
| References cited | 128 |
Moral psychology uses tightly controlled scenarios in which the identities of the characters are either unspecified or vague. Studies with raceless, genderless strangers help to highlight the important structural elements of moral acts (e.g., intention, causation, harm) but may not generalize to real-world judgments. As researchers have long shown, social judgments hinge on the identities (e.g., race, gender, age, religion, group affiliation) of both target and perceiver. Asking whether people generally condemn “shooting someone” is very different from asking whether liberals as opposed to conservatives condemn “a White police officer shooting a Black suspect.” We argue for the importance of incorporating identity into moral psychology. We briefly outline the central role of identity in social judgments before reviewing current theories in moral psychology. We then advocate an expanded person-centered morality—synthesizing moral psychology with social cognition—to better capture everyday moral judgments
Causation · Cognition · Criminology · Epistemology · Harm · Moral development · Moral disengagement · Moral psychology · Moral reasoning · Morality · Social cognition · Social cognitive theory of morality · Social group · Social identity theory · Social intuitionism · Suspect · Emotions and Moral Behavior · Psychology · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Psychology
What we would (but shouldn't) do for those we love
In masks we trust
Circulo moral
By Any Means Necessary? Overcoming the Tradeoffs Inherent in Motivating Racially Progressive Policies
Moral Judgment as Categorization (MJAC)
Psychological Science in the Wake of Covid-19
The Importance of Context in Moral Judgments
Let’s not get ahead of ourselves
The effect of foreign language and psychological distance on moral judgment in Turkish–English bilinguals
Everyday moral transgressions (EMTs)
Effects of perspective switching and utilitarian thinking on moral judgments in a sacrificial dilemma among healthcare and non-healthcare students
Creative Empathy
Who did it? Moral wrongness for us and them in the UK, US, and Brazil
Third-person perceptions of suicide by people with terminal illnesses as a function of age and gender
Love, Money, and Blame
The Effect of True Self-Attributions on the Endorsement of Retributive and Restorative Justice
Moral Judgments of Covid-19 Social Distancing Violations
How Much Is Enough? The Relationship Between Prosocial Effort and Moral Character Judgments
Deontology and Utilitarianism in Real Life
Moral Stereotyping
Morality, Social Inclusion, and In-Group Superiority
What Can we Learn About Human Nature from Interacting with Strangers? Relationship Type Determines Behavior in the Dictator Game
Navigating between punishment, avoidance, and instruction
Who attributes what to whom? Moral values and relational context shape causal attribution to the person or the situation
If I Could Do It, So Can They
The Extended Morality as Cooperation Dictionary (eMacd)
I thought I was appreciating”
Predicting Attitudes Towards LGBTQI+ Individuals
Investigating gendered reactions to manager mistreatment
The Moral Dilution Effect
Reflections on extracting moral foundations from media content
Bringing an Intersectional Lens to “Open” Science
Hegemonic categorization of the other contributes to epistemological violence
Viewing cute pictures can influence judgment of moral transgressions
The moral identity picture scale (Mips)
The Moral Career of the Genocide Perpetrator
I wanna thank me
Power as a moral magnifier
Why moral psychology needs personality psychology
The effect of child protection attitudes on child protection decision-making
Judging the guilt of the un-guilty
Sequential decision-making impacts moral judgment
Implicit evaluations of moral agents reflect intent and outcome
Re-examining the role of family relationships in structuring perceived helping obligations, and their impact on moral evaluation
To beckon or not to beckon
The primacy of communality in humanization
Morally questionable actors' meta-perceptions are accurate but overly positive
Changing impressions in competence-oriented domains
State Absence, Vengeance, and the Logic of Vigilantism in Guatemala
Other-serving double standards
Social Attributions from Faces
To Provide or Protect
The Theory of Dyadic Morality
Morality in everyday life
Inference of trustworthiness from intuitive moral judgments.
Revisiting External Validity
Surveying the Moral Landscape
Omission bias, individual differences, and normality
Stimulus Sampling and Social Psychological Experimentation
The mismeasure of morals
A practical guide to multilevel modeling
Weird languages have misled us, too
Mind Perception Is the Essence of Morality
The myth of harmless wrongs in moral cognition
Intentional action and side effects in ordinary language
“In-Group Love” and “Out-Group Hate” as Motives for Individual Participation in Intergroup Conflict
Racial Bias in Perceptions of Others’ Pain
Multiple Identities in Social Perception and Interaction
The Chicago face database
Beyond sacrificial harm
Asymmetry in Judgments of Moral Blame and Praise
A dynamic interactive theory of person construal.
The Unifying Moral Dyad
Moral foundations vignettes
A Theory of Blame
Pushing moral buttons
The Teddy-Bear Effect
‘Utilitarian’ judgments in sacrificial moral dilemmas do not reflect impartial concern for the greater good
Is Man the Measure of All Things? A Social Cognitive Account of Androcentrism
Universal moral grammar
Moral psychology is relationship regulation
An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals
You want to give a good impression? Be honest! Moral traits dominate group impression formation
The Role of Conscious Reasoning and Intuition in Moral Judgment
The emotional dog and its rational tail
Dehumanization
The weirdest people in the world?
Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations
Hierarchical linear models
Do judgments about freedom and responsibility depend on who you are? Personality differences in intuitions about compatibilism and incompatibilism
A Superhumanization Bias in Whites’ Perceptions of Blacks
Impure or Just Weird? Scenario Sampling Bias Raises Questions About the Foundation of Morality
Virtuous Violence
Are Racial Stereotypes Really Fading? The Princeton Trilogy Revisited
Looking Deathworthy
Black Criminal Stereotypes and Racial Profiling
The Impacts of Ignoring a Crossed Factor in Analyzing Cross-Classified Data
Harm mediates the disgust-immorality link
Perceived negative emotion in neutral faces
The height leadership advantage in men and women
Exploring the roots of dehumanization
An Intersectional Analysis of Gender and Ethnic Stereotypes
The Effects Of Hair Color And Cosmetic Use On Perceptions Of A Female's Ability
Are Women Evaluated More Favorably Than Men
Too Sexualized to be Taken Seriously? Perceptions of a Girl in Childlike vs. Sexualizing Clothing
Individual differences, judgment biases, and theory-of-mind
Anti-Muslim prejudice in Europe
Looking for honesty
Competence and warmth in context
The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory
Group virtue
Moral character predominates in person perception and evaluation
The unique contributions of perceiver and target characteristics in person perception
Moral signals, public outrage, and immaterial harms
The Symbolic Racism 2000 Scale
Perspective Taking as Egocentric Anchoring and Adjustment
The role of Afrocentric features in person perception
Proscriptive versus prescriptive morality
Do you believe in atheists? Distrust is central to anti-atheist prejudice
Facial resemblance to emotions
Individual differences in reliance on intuition predict harsher moral judgments
The police officer's dilemma
Liberals and conservatives rely on different sets of moral foundations
Moral typecasting
Treating stimuli as a random factor in social psychology
Prejudice and perception
A model of (often mixed) stereotype content
A Person-Centered Approach to Moral Judgment
Stop Blaming the Victim
Not yet human
A cross-cultural analysis of the behavior of women and men
Why are some STEM fields more gender balanced than others
The Glass Ceiling Effect
How Psychological Science Impedes Intersectional Thinking
| Unique citing works | 50 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 8,33 |
| Citation span | 2020 - 2026 (7) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 49 |