Language anxiety and achievement
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 24220577 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Elaine Horwitz |
| Year | 2001 |
| Volume | 21 |
| Pages | 112-126 |
| Publication date | 2001-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (BOOK_SERIES) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0267-1905 • E-ISSN: 1471-6356 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s0267190501000071 |
| OpenAlex | W2167642618 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 195 |
| References cited | 20 |
This chapter considers the literature on language learning anxiety in an effort to clarify the relationship between anxiety and second language learning. It will first argue that language anxiety is a specific anxiety — rather than a trait anxiety — and discuss how this conceptualization has helped clarify the research literature. After Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope (1986) proposed that a specific anxiety construct which they called Foreign Language Anxiety was responsible for students' uncomfortable experiences in language classes and offered an instrument, the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS), to measure this anxiety, findings concerning anxiety and language achievement have been relatively uniform, indicating a consistent moderate negative relationship between anxiety and achievement. However, some researchers (Sparks and Ganschow and their colleagues) have suggested that poor language learning is a cause rather than a result of language anxiety. This review concludes that anxiety is indeed a cause of poor language learning in some individuals and discusses possible sources of this anxiety, including difficulty in authentic self-presentation and various language teaching practices. In addition, it reports on new trends in language anxiety research that attempt to identify aspects of language learning (e.g., reading anxiety or writing anxiety) which provoke anxiety for some individuals.
Foreign language anxiety · Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale · language anxiety · language teaching practice · reading anxiety · second language achievement · self-presentation · Trait anxiety · writing anxiety · Communication in Education and Healthcare · Education, Achievement, and Giftedness · EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
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The Annual Review of Applied Linguistics at 40
Personality in Second Language Acquisition
Foreign Language Anxiety and Foreign Language Performance
A measure of second language writing anxiety
Breaking the vicious cycle of language anxiety
Measuring Language Mindsets and Modeling Their Relations With Goal Orientations and Emotional and Behavioral Responses in Failure Situations
The Construct Validity of Language Aptitude
Differential Roles of Shame and Guilt in L2 Learning
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Second Language Anxiety and Achievement
Listening Comprehension and Anxiety in the Arabic Language Classroom
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Validating the Short-form Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale
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A Longitudinal Study on the Impact of CLIL on Affective Factors
Exploring Teacher Caring as a “Happy Object” in Language Teacher Accounts of Happiness
Rasch analysis and differential item functioning of English language anxiety scale (Elas) across sex in Egyptian context
Performance on a Triangulated Reading Test Battery
Anxiety About the Risk of Death of Their Patients in Health Professionals in Spain
Exploring the predictors of foreign language anxiety
The Development of Emotional Intelligence Scale for Algerian Higher Education EFL Students
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Exploring foreign language anxiety in higher education
Network analysis of the foreign language classroom anxiety scale
Exploring the components of EAP learners’ emotional engagement and their relationship with language achievements
The Interrelation Between Language Anxiety and Self-Determined Motivation; A Mixed Methods Approach
Trait emotional intelligence and foreign language performance
Music listening in foreign language learning
Applying Item Responses Theory for Measuring Student’s Ability in Academic Speaking
Relationship Between Arabic Language Speaking Anxiety and Motivation Among Religious Secondary School Students in Malaysia
Exploring Hurdles to Professor-Student Rapport and Suggestions to Overcome Them
More Balanced Motivation, Less Anxiety? Exploring EFL Learners’ Motivation and Anxiety With Q Methodology
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Bilişüstü Farkındalıkları ve Yabancı Dil Öğrenme Kaygıları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
A systematic review of conversational AI in language education
Collaborative writing in a Chinese as a foreign language classroom
The impact of AI-assisted writing on students’ learning effectiveness and perceptions
Effects of experiencing authentic contexts on English speaking performances, anxiety and motivation of EFL students with different cognitive styles
Examining the role of gelotophobia for willingness to communicate and second language achievement using self- and teacher ratings
Impact of anxiety and depression on academic achievement among underserved school children
Exploring the effects of online learning on EFL learners’ motivation, anxiety, and attitudes during the Covid-19 pandemic
The links between perfectionistic cognitions, L2 achievement and willingness to communicate
Foreign language anxiety and foreign language self-efficacy
The roles of language proficiency, working memory, and anxiety in speech error repairs in consecutive interpreting
Attitudes toward English
A critical review of foreign language anxiety-reduction interventions
“I feel self-conscious about my accent”
Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale
One cohort or two
Profiling Teacher Support in Foreign Language Classroom
Mindsets Matter for Linguistic Minority Students
Modeling the relations among task value, strategies, social factors, and English achievement
Foreign language anxiety and its mediating role on Chinese language proficiency
Teacher support, academic engagement and learning anxiety in online foreign language learning
Speaking proficiency and affective effects in EFL
Impact of foreign language anxiety and expectancy for success on English outcomes
Teacher support and its impact on ESL student engagement in blended learning
Developmental trajectories and predictive factors of foreign language classroom anxiety among university students
Comparing online and offline Chinese EFL learners' anxiety and emotional engagement
The association between generative artificial intelligence use and foreign language classroom anxiety
Differential Item Functioning Analysis of Persian Adaptation of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale Against Gender
The effects of recalling and imagining prompts on writing engagement, syntactic and lexical complexity, accuracy, and fluency
Retracted
Exploring L2 students’ perceptions of their writing anxiety with drama-based pedagogy and linguistic support
Are Tutor Robots for Everyone? The Influence of Attitudes, Anxiety, and Personality on Robot-Led Language Learning
A latent profile analysis of L2 writing emotions and their relations to writing buoyancy, motivation and proficiency
Emotional intelligence as a mediator in the relationship between neuroticism and L2 achievement
Emotions matter
Accent stigmatization as a moderator of the relationship between perceived L2 proficiency and L2 use anxiety
An Ecological Study of Foreign Language Writing Anxiety in English as a Foreign Language Classroom
Exploring the Fluctuations of Foreign Language Enjoyment in Conversation
Correlation between anxiety and academic self-concept in interpreter trainees
Impact of visual pedagogical interventions on EFL writing
The impact of AI-mediated instruction on speaking proficiency, enjoyment, anxiety, and emotional engagement
Communicative anxiety in the second and third language
Predicting Language Learners' Grades in the L1, L2, L3 and L4
The effects of student and teacher variables on anxiety, enjoyment, and boredom among Chinese high school EFL learners
A Cross-Cultural Study on Iranian and Arab L2 Learners’ Foreign Language Anxiety
Speakers’ expressions before and in a public presentation. Pleasantness, emotional valence, credibility, and comprehension effects
Hong Kong students’ motivational beliefs and emotions in collaborative learning in ESL classrooms
Masculinity and Its Association with English-Speaking Anxiety, Self-compassion, and Perfectionistic Self-presentation
Exploring the Differential Impacts of MT and GenAI on Multidimensional L2 Writing Anxiety
Calm down
The motivation‐anxiety interface in language learning
Changes in foreign language anxiety
Factors Influencing Tibetan College Students’ Willingness to Communicate in Their Second Language in China
Shifting Temporal Patterns of Frontal Alpha Asymmetry During Monologic and Dialogic L2 Speaking Tasks
The relationship of language anxiety and English learners’ accentedness, comprehensibility, and speech rate across three communication tasks
Impact of affective variables on Korean as a foreign language learners' oral achievement
The relationship of language anxiety with noticing and oral production of L2 forms
Measures of communication‐bound anxiety
Foreign Language Reading Anxiety
Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety.
The Effects of Language Anxiety on Students' Oral Test Performance and Attitudes
Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope's Construct of Foreign Language Anxiety
The Effect of Affect on Foreign Language Learning
Methods and Results in the Study of Anxiety and Language Learning
The Effect of Induced Anxiety on the Denotative and Interpretive Content of Second Language Speech
Preliminary Evidence for the Reliability and Validity of a Foreign Language Anxiety Scale
Adult Language Learners' Affective Reactions to Community Language Learning
Anxiety and Reading Comprehension in Spanish as a Foreign Language
An Investigation of Students' Perspectives on Anxiety and Speaking
Foreign Language Anxiety and Language Performance
The Relationship Between Anxiety and Foreign Language Oral Proficiency Ratings
On the Measurement of Affective Variables in Second Language Learning
Affective and Ability Factors in Second-language Acquisition
Intensive Second Language Study in a Bicultural Milieu
Biases in Self-Ratings of Second Language Proficiency
Anxiety and Second-Language Learning
Avoidance Behavior in Adult Second Language Acquisition1
| Unique citing works | 195 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 8,86 |
| Citation span | 2004 - 2026 (23) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 193 |