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Psychological models of the justice motive

Antecedents of distributive and procedural justice

Bibliographic Data

ID6199459
AuthorsT R Tyler (0000-0002-2647-7670, California Department of Education, corresponding author)
Year1994
Volume67
Issue5
Pages850-863
Publication date1994-11-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueJournal of Personality and Social Psychology (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0022-3514 • E-ISSN: 1939-1315
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037/0022-3514.67.5.850
OpenAlexW1999030329
LanguageEN
Citations received198
References cited74

Two psychological theories consider why people care about justice. The social-exchange-based resource model argues that people want to maximize the resources they obtain from social interactions, a goal that they believe is facilitated by following rules of distributive and procedural justice; the identity-based relational model suggests that people attempt to maintain high status within groups and use the justice of their experiences to evaluate their group status. Two studies on reactions to experiences with authorities ― legal and managerial ― examine the influence of these motives on (a) people's evaluations of the distributive and procedural justice of their experiences and (b) affective and behavioral reactions to those experiences

Distributive justice · Distributive property · Economic Justice · Perception · Political science · Procedural justice · Cultural Differences and Values · Law · Psychology · Social and Intergroup Psychology · Social Power and Status Dynamics · Social Psychology

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    Open Access•Theo Van Willigenburg, E A J G van der Borght•International Journal of Public…•2021

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    Open Access•Robert J Maccoun•Annual Review of Law and Social…•2005

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    Open Access•Alana Saulnier•Surveillance & Society•2017

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    Michael X Delli Carpini, Fay Lomax Cook et al.•Annual Review of Political Science•2004

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    Open Access•Suzanne O Kaasa, Joseph R Tatar et al.•Psychology Public Policy and Law•2018

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    Open Access•John C Besley, Katherine A Mccomas•Communication Theory•2005

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    Open Access•T R Tyler•Law & Social Inquiry•2000

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    Open Access•Elizabeth E Umphress, Aneika L Simmons et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2012

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    Open Access•Jonathan Jackson, Jacinta M Gau•2016

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    Open Access•Mary A Konovsky•Journal of Management•2000

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    Open Access•Kristina Murphy, Murphy Kristina•Australian & New Zealand Journal…•2009

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    Open Access•Russell Cropanzano, Zinta S Byrne et al.•Journal of Vocational Behavior•2001

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    Open Access•Yochi Cohen‐charash, Yochi Cohen-Charash et al.•Organizational Behavior and Human…•2001

  • Justice at the millennium

    Jason A Colquitt, Donald E Conlon et al.•Journal of Applied Psychology•2001

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    Open Access•T R Tyler•Personality and Social Psychology…•1997

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    Robert J Boeckmann, T R Tyler•Psychology Public Policy and Law•1997

  • Procedural Justice in Online Deliberation

    Open Access•Leanne Chang, Weiyu Zhang•Journal of Deliberative Democracy•2021

  • Legitimacy and online proceedings

    Open Access•Avital Mentovich, J J Prescott et al.•Law & Society Review•2023

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    Open Access•Mark R Fondacaro, Michael E Dunkle et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•1998

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    Open Access•Linda J Skitka, Linda Skitka et al.•Social Justice Research•2003

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    Jeffrey A Miles•Psychological Reports•2001

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    Open Access•Yuanyuan Liu, Yuanyuan Jamie Li et al.•Current Psychology•2023

  • A study on organizational trust content in Chinese business organizations

    Open Access•Hsiang-Yu Ma, Hsiang‐Yu Ma et al.•Current Psychology•2022

  • Mobilizing justice in sociolegal research

    Open Access•Shannon Portillo, Lori Sexton et al.•Crime Law and Social Change•2022

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    Open Access•Miriam Höddinghaus, Dominik Sondern et al.•Computers in Human Behavior•2021

  • Illuminating the Concept of Community (Group)-Level Procedural Justice

    Open Access•Tal Jonathan-Zamir, Gali Perry et al.•Criminal Justice and Behavior•2021

  • Authority fairness for all? Intergroup status and expectations of procedural justice and resource distribution

    Open Access•Karolina Urbanska, Samuel Pehrson et al.•Journal of Social and Political…•2019

  • Negative References to Amicus Briefs in Judicial Reasoning

    Open Access•Johan Lindholm, Daniel Naurin et al.•Journal of Law and Courts•2025

  • Virtuous or Vitriolic

    Arthur D Santana•Journalism Practice•2013

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    John C Besley, Katherine A Mccomas•Journalism Practice•2007

  • Accessing justice

    Open Access•Sarah Charman, Emma Williams•Criminology & Criminal Justice•2021

  • The Role of Strategic Internal Communication in Workplace Discrimination

    Yeunaje Lee, Jo-Yun Li et al.•International Journal of…•2021

  • Norms, Normativity, and the Legitimacy of Justice Institutions

    Open Access•Jonathan Jackson•Annual Review of Law and Social…•2018

  • Systems and rules to support social justice

    John C Hayvon•Qualitative Research in Psychology•2026

  • Controlling the Conversation

    Arthur D Santana•Journalism Studies•2014

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    Open Access•Sarita Schoenebeck, Oliver L Haimson et al.•New Media & Society•2020

  • Is Compensation Enough? Relational Concerns in Responding to Unintended Inequity

    Open Access•Tyler G Okimoto, T R Tyler•Group Processes & Intergroup…•2007

  • Leadership Endorsement

    Open Access•Michael J Platow, Scott A Reid et al.•Group Processes & Intergroup…•1998

  • Public meetings about local cancer clusters

    Katherine A Mccomas, Helen Lundell et al.•Journal of Risk Research•2010

  • Protest Against Waste Contamination in the ‘Land of Fires’

    Open Access•Francesca Scafuto, Francesco La Barbera•Journal of Community & Applied…•2016

  • Body-worn camera videos and public perceptions of police

    Alana Saulnier, Victoria A Sytsma•Policing & Society•2023

  • Developing core national indicators of public attitudes towards the police in Canada

    Open Access•Jonathan Jackson, Ben Bradford et al.•Policing & Society•2022

  • Public participation and willingness to cooperate in common-pool resource management

    Open Access•Carina Cavalcanti, Felix Schläpfer et al.•Ecological Economics•2009

  • Thinking Holistically About Procedural Justice in Alternative Dispute Resolution

    Open Access•Ben Bradford, Naomi Creutzfeldt et al.•Law & Social Inquiry•2022

  • Transition to self‐directed work teams

    Open Access•Ceasar Douglas, William L Gardner•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2003

  • Promise breaking during radical organizational change

    Open Access•Jill Kickul, Scott W Lester et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2002

  • Customer injustice and service employees' customer‐oriented citizenship behavior

    Open Access•James J Lavelle, Deborah E Rupp et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2022

  • Leader-member exchange, differentiation, and task interdependence

    Open Access•Robert C Liden, Barış Erdoğan et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2006

  • Idiosyncratic deals in contemporary organizations

    Open Access•Chenwei Liao, Stephen J Wayne et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2014

  • Process-orientation versus outcome-orientation during organizational change

    Open Access•Barbara van Knippenberg, Linda Martin et al.•Journal of Organizational Behavior•2006

  • Voice, Perceived Fairness, Agency Trust, and Acceptance of Management Decisions Among Minnesota Anglers

    Susan A Schroeder, David C Fulton•Society & Natural Resources•2016

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    Douglas J Lober•Society & Natural Resources•1996

  • Judicial Supervision of Drug-Abusing Offenders

    Douglas B Marlowe•Journal of Psychoactive Drugs•2006

  • Job decision latitude, organizational justice and health

    Open Access•Marko Elovainio, Mika Kivimäki et al.•Social Science & Medicine•2003

  • Understanding Whether Representative Bureaucracy and Racial Resentment Impact Public Perceptions of the Distributive Justice of Government Programs

    Open Access•Ellen V Rubin, Keith Baker et al.•The American Review of Public…•2024

  • Victim satisfaction with restorative justice

    Open Access•Tinneke Van Camp, Jo-Anne Wemmers•International Review of Victimology•2013

  • Victims’ experiences in the criminal justice system and their recovery from crime

    Open Access•Jo-Anne Wemmers•International Review of Victimology•2013

  • Benefit sharing and biobanking in Australia

    Open Access•Davidson Nicol, Christine Critchley•Public Understanding of Science•2012

  • Conflicted scientists

    Open Access•Katherine A Mccomas, Leah Simone Tuite et al.•Public Understanding of Science•2005

  • Impartiality or Individualization? Imprisoned Women’s Discourses of (In)Justice

    Sarah M Smith•Women & Criminal Justice•2025

  • Political Deliberation on Facebook during Electoral Campaigns

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  • The Psychology of Social Status

    Open Access•Joey T Cheng, Jessica L Tracy et al.•Psychology of social status•2014

  • The claiming effect

    Richard P Larrick, Sally Blount•Journal of Personality and Social…•1997

  • When do we need procedural fairness? The role of trust in authority

    Kees Van Den Bos, Henk A M Wilke et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1998

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    T R Tyler, Tom Tyler et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1996

  • The pursuit of joint outcomes and equality in outcomes

    Paul A M Van Lange•Journal of Personality and Social…•1999

  • Teachers' legitimacy

    Open Access•Maria Gouveia‐pereira, Jorge Vala et al.•British Journal of Educational…•2017

  • Projection and Mirror Effects in Cross-group Interactions

    P Niels Christensen, Kate Duangdao et al.•Self and Identity•2010

  • Exploring procedural justice and police legitimacy in South Africa

    Johan Prinsloo•Journal of Psychology in Africa•2019

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  • Equity and justice in social behavior

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  • The Social Psychology of Procedural Justice

    Open Access•A Lind, E Allan Lind et al.•Social Psychology of Procedural…•1988

  • The Influence of Perceived Injustice on the Endorsement of Political Leaders 1

    Open Access•T R Tyler, Kenneth A Rasinski et al.•Journal of Applied Social…•1985

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    Gerald S Leventhal•Equity theory•1976

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    Caryl E Rusbult, Dan Farrell•Journal of Applied Psychology•1983

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  • Distributional and Procedural Aspects of Satisfaction With Citizen-Police Encounters

    T R Tyler, Robert Folger•Basic and Applied Social Psychology•1980

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    Open Access•Daniel Farrell, Caryl E Rusbult•Organizational Behavior and Human…•1981

  • A Reliability Coefficient for Maximum Likelihood Factor Analysis

    Open Access•Ledyard R Tucker, Charles Lewis•Psychometrika•1973

  • Testing Structural Equation Models

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  • American Soldier

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  • Rediscovering the Social Group

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  • The Social Psychology of Groups

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  • The psychology of interpersonal relations.

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  • The Need Principle of Distributive Justice

    Thomas Schwinger•Justice in Social Relations•1986

  • Justice in Social Relations

    Open Access•Ronald Cohen, Hans Werner Bierhoff et al.•Justice in Social Relations•1986

  • An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict

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  • Inequity In Social Exchange

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  • A Relational Model of Authority in Groups

    T R Tyler, A Lind et al.•Advances in experimental social…•1992

  • Exchange and Power in Social Life

    Peter M Blau•Exchange And Power In Social Life•2017

  • Relative deprivation theory

    Open Access•Iain Walker, T F Pettigrew•British Journal of Social…•1984

  • Social Identifications

    Dominic Abrams, Michael A Hogg•Social Identifications•2006

  • Predicting Satisfaction and Commitment in Adult Romantic Involvements

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  • Equality, Equity, and Procedural Justice in Social Exchange

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  • Norms Concerning Distributive Justice

    Helmut Lamm, Thomas Schwinger•Social Psychology Quarterly•1980

  • Protestant ethic endorsement and the fairness of equity inputs

    Open Access•Jerald Greenberg•Journal of Research in Personality•1979

  • Use of Null Models in Evaluating the Fit of Covariance Structure Models

    Michael E Sobel, George W Bohrnstedt•Sociological Methodology•1985

  • Effects of knowledge of self‐interest and social relationship upon the use of equity, utilitarian, and Rawlsian principles of allocation

    Open Access•Rebecca Curtis, Rebecca C Curtis•European Journal of Social…•1979

  • Equity and Social Justice

    Open Access•Elaine Walster, G William Walster•Journal of Social Issues•1975

  • On Justice as Equality

    Open Access•Edward E Sampson•Journal of Social Issues•1975

  • Exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect

    Caryl E Rusbult, Isabella M Zembrodt et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1982

  • Determinants and Consequences of Exit, Voice, Loyalty, and Neglect

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  • The effects of control on perceived fairness of procedures and outcomes

    Open Access•Linda Musante, Marcia A Gilbert et al.•Journal of Experimental Social…•1983

  • Group vs individual equity judgments

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  • A Theory of Social Comparison Processes

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  • Maintaining Allegiance toward Political Authorities

    T R Tyler, Jonathan D Casper et al.•American Journal of Political…•1989

  • Choice behavior in social dilemmas

    Marilynn B Brewer, Roderick M Kramer•Journal of Personality and Social…•1986

  • A longitudinal test of the investment model

    Caryl E Rusbult•Journal of Personality and Social…•1983

  • The psychology of procedural justice

    T R Tyler•Journal of Personality and Social…•1989

  • New directions in equity research

    Elaine Walster, Ellen Berscheid et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1973

  • Bargaining, expectations, and the preference for equality over equity

    William R Morgan, William Morgan et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1967

  • Achieving fairness in the face of competing concerns

    Gregory C Elliott, Barbara F Meeker•Journal of Personality and Social…•1986

  • The influence of outcomes and procedures on satisfaction with formal leaders

    T R Tyler, Andrew Caine•Journal of Personality and Social…•1981

  • Productivity, distributive justice, and bargaining among children

    Alan A Benton•Journal of Personality and Social…•1971

  • Self-image versus impressional management in adherence to distributive justice standards

    Jerald Greenberg•Journal of Personality and Social…•1983

  • Effect of expectations of future interaction on reward allocations in dyads

    E Gary Shapiro•Journal of Personality and Social…•1975

  • Procedural justice as a criterion in allocation decisions

    Edith Barrett-Howard, T R Tyler•Journal of Personality and Social…•1986

  • Influence of voice on satisfaction with leaders

    T R Tyler, Kenneth A Rasinski et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1985

  • Factors affecting allocation to needy and meritorious recipients

    Viginia Murphy-Berman, Virgini Murphy-Berman et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1984

  • Procedure and outcome effects on reactions to adjudicated resolution of conflicts of interest

    A Lind, E Allan Lind et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1980

  • Modifiers of the equity effect

    Gregory C Elliott, Barbara F Meeker•Journal of Personality and Social…•1984

  • Conditions leading to value-expressive effects in judgments of procedural justice

    T R Tyler•Journal of Personality and Social…•1987

  • Inequity and interpersonal conflict

    Gerald S Leventhal, James W Michaels et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1972

  • Equity, Equality, and Need

    Open Access•Morton Deutsch•Journal of Social Issues•1975

  • Deviation, rejection, and communication

    Stanley Schachter•Journal of Abnormal & Social…•1951

  • A study of normative and informational social influences upon individual judgment

    Morton Deutsch, Harold B Gerard•Journal of Abnormal & Social…•1955

  • Procedural Justice in Felony Cases

    Open Access•Jonathan D Casper, T R Tyler et al.•Law & Society Review•1988

  • Impact of Procedural Modifications on Evaluations of Plea Bargaining

    Open Access•Pauline Houlden•Law & Society Review•1981

  • The Role of Perceived Injustice in Defendants' Evaluations of Their Courtroom Experience

    Open Access•T R Tyler•Law & Society Review•1984

  • What is Procedural Justice

    Open Access•T R Tyler•Law & Society Review•1988

  • In the Eye of the Beholder

    Open Access•A Lind, E Allan Lind et al.•Law & Society Review•1990

  • Distributive Justice, Equity, and Equality

    K S Cook, Karen A Hegtvedt•Annual Review of Sociology•1983

  • Procedural goods in a democracy

    Open Access•Robert E Lane•Social Justice Research•1988

  • The role of procedural and distributive justice in organizational behavior

    Open Access•Sheldon Alexander, Marian Ruderman et al.•Social Justice Research•1987

  • Toward general principles of managerial fairness

    Open Access•Blair H Sheppard, Roy J Lewicki•Social Justice Research•1987

Unique citing works198
Citations per year6,6
Citation span1996 - 2026 (31)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 181

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