Comparing and Combining List and Endorsement Experiments
Evidence from Afghanistan
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6232025 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Graham Blair (0000-0001-9164-2102, Princeton University), Graeme Blair, Katsushi Imai (0000-0002-2748-1022, Princeton University), Kosuke Imai, James Lyall (0000-0001-9117-7503, Yale University), Jason Lyall |
| Year | 2014 |
| Volume | 58 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 1043-1063 |
| Publication date | 2014-10-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | American Journal of Political Science (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0092-5853 • E-ISSN: 1540-5907 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1111/ajps.12086 |
| OpenAlex | W2097414408 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 91 |
| References cited | 22 |
List and endorsement experiments are becoming increasingly popular among social scientists as indirect survey techniques for sensitive questions. When studying issues such as racial prejudice and support for militant groups, these survey methodologies may improve the validity of measurements by reducing nonresponse and social desirability biases. We develop a statistical test and multivariate regression models for comparing and combining the results from list and endorsement experiments. We demonstrate that when carefully designed and analyzed, the two survey experiments can produce substantively similar empirical findings. Such agreement is shown to be possible even when these experiments are applied to one of the most challenging research environments: contemporary Afghanistan. We find that both experiments uncover similar patterns of support for the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) among Pashtun respondents. Our findings suggest that multiple measurement strategies can enhance the credibility of empirical conclusions. Open‐source software is available for implementing the proposed methods
Credibility · Data science · Econometrics · Economics · Empirical research · External validity · Machine learning · Militant · Multivariate statistics · Political science · Politics · Prejudice (legal term · Randomized experiment · Statistics · Survey data collection · Test (biology · Applied Psychology · Computer Science · Law · Mathematics · Psychology · Social Psychology · Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques
Combining List Experiment and Direct Question Estimates of Sensitive Behavior Prevalence
The Rise of Experimentation in Political Science
Countering Violent Extremism in Indonesia
Defection Denied
The Normalization of the Radical Right
The Reintegration of Women and Children Defecting from Armed Groups during Conflict
Heroes inciting political unrest
Syrian Refugees in Turkey and the Politics of Postconflict Reconciliation
Violence and Restraint in Civil War
Assessing Outcomes of Online Campaigns Countering Violent Extremism
Peacekeeping, Policing, and the Rule of Law after Civil War
Leveraging Social Cohesion for Development Outcomes
Expressive Constraint and Monarchical Legitimacy in Eswatini
Explaining Variation in Attitudes Towards Insurgents and the State
Electoral violence and struggle for power in post-war Iraq
Social constraints and women's education
Wartime service provision and post-conflict state legitimacy
From Social Alignment to Social Control
Analyzing prejudice against immigrants in sending countries
Securing Legitimacy? Perceptions of Security and Isaf’s Legitimacy in Northeast Afghanistan
Reproducing Sectarian Oligarchy in Lebanon
The Pitfalls of List Experiments in Conflict Zones
International actors as critics of domestic freedoms
Who are the ‘Don’t Knows’? Missing Data in Surveys of Post-Soviet Conflict-affected Regions
Lying About Corruption in Surveys
Fear-of-the-State Bias” in Survey Data
Condemning or Condoning the Perpetrators? International Humanitarian Law and Attitudes Toward Wartime Violence
Labor Exclusion and the Erosion of Citizenship Responsibilities
Organizational and partisan brokerage of social benefits
We Could Have Been Worse
Fixed attitudes, contextual shifts
Co‐Ethnic and Neighborhood Ties and Financial Social Capital Formation Among the Urban Poor in Kenya
Attitudes Towards Extremist Organizations in the United States
When Do Citizens Support Peace-Building? Economic Hardship and Civilian Support for Rebel Reintegration
How to Measure Public Support for Political Violence
The shadow of social desirability bias
Improving studies of sensitive topics using prior evidence
Using the Predicted Responses from List Experiments as Explanatory Variables in Regression Models
The grapevine effect in sensitive data collection
When to Protect? Using the Crosswise Model to Integrate Protected and Direct Responses in Surveys of Sensitive Behavior
List Experiments, Political Sophistication, and Vote Buying
Measuring social norms
Attitudes and behaviors in a fragile state. A list experiment in Mali
Coethnic Bias and Wartime Informing
Does Counterinsurgent Success Match Social Support? Evidence from a Survey Experiment in Colombia
Experimenting with List Experiments
Measuring Political Attitudes with Word Association
The differential demand for indirect rule
Is Putin’s popularity real
Survey research in Russia
The effect of drone strikes on civilian communication
Relative Poverty, Perceived Violence, and Support for Militant Politics
Prejudice, Political Ideology, and Interest
Analytic Confidence and Political Decision‐Making
List Experiments with Measurement Error
A Bias-Corrected Estimator for the Crosswise Model with Inattentive Respondents
The Misreporting Trade-Off Between List Experiments and Direct Questions in Practice
The Statistical Analysis of Misreporting on Sensitive Survey Questions
Relaxing the No Liars Assumption in List Experiment Analyses
List Experiment Design, Non-Strategic Respondent Error, and Item Count Technique Estimators
How and Why Armed Groups Participate in Elections
Bureaucratic Responsiveness under Dynamic Political Settings
Violence and Civilian Loyalties
Lessons on Political Violence from America’s Post–9/11 Wars
The Silent Victims of Sexual Violence during War
Drought, Local Institutional Contexts, and Support for Violence in Kenya
Competitive Governance and Displacement Decisions Under Rebel Rule
Subgroup Differences in Implicit Associations and Explicit Attitudes during Wartime
Civilians, Control, and Collaboration during Civil Conflict
A Strategic Logic of Attacking Aid Workers
Unequal inequalities? How participatory inequalities affect democratic legitimacy
Beyond Hate Speech
Understanding Intimate Partner Violence
Experiments in International Relations
The Empiricists' Insurgency
An Empirical Validation Study of Popular Survey Methodologies for Sensitive Questions
Retribution or Reconciliation? Post‐Conflict Attitudes toward Enemy Collaborators
Turning a Blind Eye to Repression
Informal Work, Risk, and Clientelism
What Drives Chinese Internet Users to Watch State-Media Broadcasts? An Audience Analysis
Conviction of Multiparty Competition and Elections among Chinese College Students
Ação afirmativa e desejabilidade social
Support for Vladimir Putin in Russia's neighbors
Can Economic Assistance Shape Combatant Support in Wartime? Experimental Evidence from Afghanistan
United Nations endorsement and support for human rights
Can civilian attitudes predict insurgent violence? Ideology and insurgent tactical choice in civil war
Blowback or overblown? Why civilians under threat support invasive foreign intervention
The political consequences of wartime sexual violence
Legacies of Wartime Sexual Violence
When to Worry about Sensitivity Bias
Sensitive Survey Questions with Auxiliary Information
Multivariate Regression Analysis for the Item Count Technique
Randomized Response
Inference from Iterative Simulation Using Multiple Sequences
Winning Hearts and Minds through Development? Evidence from a Field Experiment in Afghanistan
The Logic of Violence in Civil War
Can Hearts and Minds Be Bought? The Economics of Counterinsurgency in Iraq
Understanding Off-the-Books Politics
"Racial Attitudes and the "New South
Social desirability bias in voter turnout reports
What Can We Learn with Statistical Truth Serum
A Study of the Properties of the Item Count Technique
Sensitive Questions, Truthful Answers? Modeling the List Experiment with Listit
Statistical Analysis of List Experiments
Treatment Spillover Effects across Survey Experiments
Statistical Analysis of Endorsement Experiments
Vote Buying and Social Desirability Bias
Poverty and Support for Militant Politics
The Logic of the Survey Experiment Reexamined
Explaining Support for Combatants during Wartime
| Unique citing works | 91 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 7 |
| Citation span | 2013 - 2026 (14) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 91 |