The African-American Entrepreneur–Crime Drop Relationship
Growing African-American Business Ownership and Declining Youth Violence
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6404575 |
|---|---|
| Authors | K F Parker (0000-0003-0989-1797, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2015 |
| Volume | 51 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 751-780 |
| Publication date | 2015-11-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Urban Affairs Review (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1078-0874 • E-ISSN: 1552-8332 |
| Publisher | SAGE Publications Inc (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1177/1078087415571755 |
| OpenAlex | W1985038886 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 12 |
| References cited | 75 |
Although much of the urban violence literature focuses on the link between urban disadvantage and crime rates, in this article we explore the relationship between African-American entrepreneurship and rates of juvenile violence, net of the effects associated with labor market shifts and the concentration of disadvantage within these areas. That is, Black-owned businesses have increased considerably over time but have largely been neglected in the criminological literature. After generating two distinct measures of Black entrepreneurship, we test to see if Black-owned businesses were significant to the documented decline in juvenile violence in larger U.S. cities from 1990 to 2000. We find an inverse relationship between entrepreneurship and juvenile arrests involving violence across multiple cities in 1990 and 2000. Furthermore, when estimating a pooled cross-sectional time-series design, the growing presence of African-American businesses is a significant contributor to the change (decline) in Black youth violence during the period of the 1990 crime drop, while the rate of paid employees in Black firms remained unrelated to Black youth violence. In changing economic times, we discuss the importance of exploring ways to capture the presence of African-Americans in the urban economy
African american · Criminology · Demographic economics · Disadvantage · Economics · Entrepreneurship · Juvenile · Juvenile delinquency · Political science · Sociology · Violent crime · Crime Patterns and Interventions · Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance · Homelessness and Social Issues
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New media clues and old journalistic habits
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Comparing Liberal and Conservative Newspapers
Virtue Locales
American Entrepreneur 1990-2010
Code of the street
When Work Disappears
Unequal Crime Decline
Living the Drama
Structure and Culture in African American Adolescent Violence
An Empirical Assessment of What We Know About Structural Covariates of Homicide Rates
The Code of the Street
Hot Spots of Juvenile Crime
Multiple Imputation of Missing Values
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The Truly Disadvantaged
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Access to Financial Capital among U.S. Businesses
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Structural Conditions and Racial Homicide Patterns
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Critical Connections
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The Structural Context of Homicide
When Work Disappears
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Racial Threat and Social Control
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| Unique citing works | 12 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1,33 |
| Citation span | 2017 - 2025 (9) |
| Citation velocity | recent |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 12 |