Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

When and where do we apply what we learn

A taxonomy for far transfer

Bibliographic Data

ID4424495
AuthorsSusan M Barnett (Cornell University), Stephen J Ceci (0000-0002-2835-9707, Cornell University)
Year2002
Volume128
Issue4
Pages612-637
Publication date2002-01-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenuePsychological Bulletin (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0033-2909 • E-ISSN: 1939-1455
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037/0033-2909.128.4.612
PMID12081085
OpenAlexW2094192576
LanguageEN
Citations received275
References cited84

Despite a century's worth of research, arguments surrounding the question of whether far transfer occurs have made little progress toward resolution. The authors argue the reason for this confusion is a failure to specify various dimensions along which transfer can occur, resulting in comparisons of "apples and oranges." They provide a framework that describes 9 relevant dimensions and show that the literature can productively be classified along these dimensions, with each study situated at the intersection of various dimensions. Estimation of a single effect size for far transfer is misguided in view of this complexity. The past 100 years of research shows that evidence for transfer under some conditions is substantial, but critical conditions for many key questions are untested

Biology · Cognitive psychology · Confusion · Epistemology · Geography · Intersection (aeronautics) · Situated · Taxonomy (biology) · Transfer of learning · Artificial Intelligence · Child and Animal Learning Development · Computer Science · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics · Ecology · Evaluation and Performance Assessment · Philosophy · Philosophy and History of Science · Psychology · Social Psychology

  • How Italian Educators Conceive Domain-Specific Technology

    Open Access•I Bortolotti, N Sansone et al.•Human Arenas•2026

  • An Investigation of Transfer of Learning in an English-for-Specific-Academic Writing Course

    Open Access•Kalthoum Kassab•International Journal of…•2021

  • The Nature of Learning

    Oecd, OECD OECD et al.•The Nature of Learning•2010

  • L2 English pronunciation instruction

    Michael Yeldham•Applied Linguistics Review•2025

  • Studies on the Backward Transfer of Interlanguage Syntactic Structure—Taking Temporal Adverbial Clause as an Example

    Open Access•Chen Yuan•Theory and Practice in Language…•2020

  • In Search of the Enlightenment Effect

    Open Access•Leonard S Newman, Jenna Marie Walmer•Social and Personality Psychology…•2025

  • Asking Better Questions

    Open Access•Patricia Chen•Perspectives on Psychological…•2026

  • Experimental Therapeutics

    Open Access•Nancy Zucker, Gregory P Strauss et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2025

  • Analogical Retrieval of Folktales

    Saba Torabian, Zhe Chen et al.•Journal of Cognition and Culture•2017

  • Increasing emotional competence improves psychological and physical well-being, social relationships, and employability

    Delphine Nélis, Ilios Kotsou et al.•Emotion•2011

  • Teaching Statistics to MSW Students

    Open Access•Ashley Davis, Rebecca G Mirick•Advances in Social Work•2017

  • Building a Pedagogy of Writing Transfer Through an Undergraduate Journal Publication

    Open Access•Kaitlyn Harris, Paige France et al.•The Australian Journal of…•2025

  • Motivated apprentices

    Tim Powers•British Journal of Education & Work•2020

  • Preparing children for cross-examination

    Sarah O’neill, Rachel Zajac•Psychology Public Policy and Law•2013

  • Fostering general transfer with specific simulations

    Ji Y Son, Robert L Goldstone•Pragmatics & Cognition•2009

  • Making Social Work Count

    B Teater, Jessica Roy et al.•Journal of Teaching in Social Work•2017

  • Música y transferencia de habilidades

    Open Access•Felipe Porflitt, Felipe I Porflitt-Becerra•Revista musical chilena•2021

  • Human capital versus signaling is empirically unresolvable

    Open Access•Nick Huntington-Klein•Empirical Economics•2021

  • Timing's not everything

    Open Access•Anna Ryan, Terry Judd et al.•Medical Education•2024

  • Evidências preliminares da efetividade do treinamento cognitivo para melhorar a inteligência de crianças escolares

    Open Access•Marcela Mansur-Alves, Carmen Flores-Mendoza et al.•Psicologia Reflexão e Crítica•2013

  • Understanding what teachers gain from professional development at historic sites

    Open Access•Christine Baron, Sherri Sklarwitz et al.•Theory & Research in Social…•2019

  • To Do or To Listen? Student Active Learning vs. the Lecture

    Open Access•Pål Anders Opdal•Studies in Philosophy and Education•2022

  • Video game training does not enhance cognitive ability

    Giovanni Sala, K Semir Tatlidil et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2018

  • Is working memory training effective

    Zach Shipstead, Thomas S Redick et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2012

  • Transfer of test-enhanced learning

    Open Access•Steven C Pan, Timothy C Rickard•Psychological Bulletin•2018

  • Rethinking expertise

    Fredrik Ullén, David Zachary Hambrick et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2016

  • Women's underrepresentation in science

    Stephen J Ceci, W M Williams et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2009

  • Great expectations

    Matt Barlow, Matthew Barlow et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2013

  • Improving reading comprehension, science domain knowledge, and reading engagement through a first-grade content literacy intervention

    James S Kim, Mary Burkhauser et al.•Journal of Educational Psychology•2021

  • A population-level analysis of associations between school music participation and academic achievement

    Open Access•Martin Guhn, Scott D Emerson et al.•Journal of Educational Psychology•2020

  • Improving fraction understanding in sixth graders with mathematics difficulties

    Open Access•Christina Areizaga Barbieri, Jéssica Rodrigues et al.•Journal of Educational Psychology•2020

  • Uncertain instruction

    Open Access•Marianna Lamnina, Catherine C Chase•Instructional Science•2021

  • A Novel Theoretical Life Course Framework for Triggering Cognitive Development across the Lifespan

    Open Access•Rachel Wu, George W Rebok et al.•Human Development•2016

  • Theme Issue

    Open Access•Anthony E Kelly, Anthony Kelly•Educational Researcher•2003

  • Developmental differences in children’s learning and use of forensic ground rules during an interview about an experienced event

    Open Access•Deirdre A Brown, Charlie Lewis et al.•Developmental Psychology•2019

  • Achieving abstraction

    Caren M Walker, Samantha Q Hubachek et al.•Developmental Psychology•2018

  • The important (but neglected) developmental value of roles

    Reed W Larson, Reed Larson et al.•Developmental Psychology•2019

  • Is working memory training effective? A meta-analytic review

    Monica Melby-Lervåg, Charles Hulme et al.•Developmental Psychology•2013

  • Dynamic testing and test anxiety amongst gifted and average‐ability children

    Open Access•Bart Vogelaar, Merel Bakker et al.•British Journal of Educational…•2017

  • Designing novel activities before instruction

    Open Access•Campbell R Bego, Raymond J Chastain et al.•British Journal of Educational…•2023

  • Embodiment and Containment

    Thalia R Goldstein, Kristen Hayes•Oxford Handbook of the Positive…•2022

  • The Cambridge Handbook of Computing Education Research

    Open Access•Sally A Fincher, Anthony V Robins•Cambridge Handbook of Computing…•2019

  • Schooling, Learning, and the Life Course

    Open Access•Aaron M Pallas•Emerging Trends in the Social and…•2016

  • Understanding and Facilitating Learning

    Open Access•Kurt Kraiger, Satoris S Culbertson•Handbook of Psychology, Second…•2012

  • Knowledge Transfer

    Open Access•Timothy J Nokes‐Malach, J Elizabeth Richey•Emerging Trends in the Social and…•2015

  • Introduction

    Open Access•Ingrid Sánchez Tapia•International Perspectives on the…•2020

  • CHEMIE PUR – Unterrichten in der Natur

    Logos Verlag Berlin, Alexander Engl•CHEMIE PUR - Unterrichten in der…•2020

  • Working Memory Training Does Not Improve Performance on Measures of Intelligence or Other Measures of “Far Transfer”

    Open Access•Monica Melby-Lervåg, Thomas S Redick et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2016

  • A new look at habits and the habit-goal interface.

    Wendy Wood, David T Neal•Psychological Review•2007

  • Spatial Thinking and STEM Education

    Open Access•David H Uttal, Cheryl A Cohen•The Psychology of learning and…•2012

  • The Knowledge‐Learning‐Instruction Framework

    Open Access•Kenneth R Koedinger, Albert T Corbett et al.•Cognitive Science•2012

  • Beyond Risk and Protective Factors

    Open Access•Bruce J Ellis, JeanMarie Bianchi et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2017

  • Towards a Theory of When and How Problem Solving Followed by Instruction Supports Learning

    Open Access•Katharina Loibl, Ido Roll et al.•Educational Psychology Review•2017

  • The critical role of retrieval practice in long-term retention

    Open Access•Henry L Roediger, Andrew C Butler•Trends in Cognitive Sciences•2011

  • Scaffolding game-based learning

    Open Access•Shuli Barzilai, Ina Blau•Computers & Education•2014

  • Domain-specific prior knowledge and learning

    Bianca A Simonsmeier, Maja Flaig et al.•Educational Psychologist•2022

  • Transfer of Training

    Open Access•Brian D Blume, J Kevin Ford et al.•Journal of Management•2010

  • Do “Brain-Training” Programs Work?

    Open Access•Daniel J Simons, Walter R Boot et al.•Psychological Science in the…•2016

  • Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship

    Open Access•Bruce C Martin, Jeffrey J Mcnally et al.•Journal of Business Venturing•2013

  • Foundations of Game-Based Learning

    Jan L Pla, Bruce D Homer et al.•Educational Psychologist•2015

  • Epistemic Trespassing

    Open Access•Nathan Ballantyne•Mind•2019

  • The Science of Wisdom in a Polarized World

    Igor Grossmann, Nic M Weststrate et al.•Psychological Inquiry•2020

  • Music Lessons Enhance IQ

    Open Access•E Glenn Schellenberg•Psychological Science•2004

  • Debiasing Decisions

    Open Access•Carey K Morewedge, Haewon Yoon et al.•Policy Insights from the…•2015

  • Learning strategies

    Open Access•John Hattie, John A C Hattie et al.•npj Science of Learning•2016

  • The habitual consumer

    Open Access•Wendy Wood, David T Neal•Journal of Consumer Psychology•2009

  • Learning, Attentional Control, and Action Video Games

    Open Access•C S Green, D Bavelier•Current Biology•2012

  • The Power of Testing Memory

    Open Access•Henry L Roediger, Jeffrey D Karpicke•Perspectives on Psychological…•2006

  • The Pen Is Mightier Than the Keyboard

    Open Access•Pam Mueller, Pam A Mueller et al.•Psychological Science•2014

  • Cognitive-motor dual-task training differentially affects visual working memory, multifocal attention, and multisensory integration in youth soccer players

    Open Access•Szabolcs Székely, Anna Gergely et al.•Frontiers in Sports and Active…•2026

  • The Paradox of Augmentation

    Open Access•Venkat Ram Reddy Ganuthula, Manish Kumar Singh et al.•Human Behavior and Emerging…•2026

  • Effects of transfer-oriented curriculum on multiple behaviors in the Netherlands

    Open Access•L W H Peters, Geert Ten Dam et al.•Health Promotion International•2015

  • Training Older Adults To Use New Technology

    Jamye M Hickman, Wendy A Rogers et al.•The Journals of Gerontology…•2007

  • A Comparison of the Effect of Physical Activity and Cognitive Training on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults

    Open Access•Tudor Vrinceanu, Caroll‐Ann Blanchette et al.•The Journals of Gerontology…•2021

  • Retracted and replaced

    Open Access•Shirley Leanos, Esra Kürüm et al.•The Journals of Gerontology…•2019

  • Screen Time and Autism

    Open Access•Hanyu Dong, Han-Yu Dong et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2021

  • Transfer of Training

    J Kevin Ford, Timothy T Baldwin et al.•Annual Review of Organizational…•2017

  • Decoding speech prosody

    W Fletcher Thompson, E Glenn Schellenberg et al.•Emotion•2004

  • Mindfulness and music interventions in the workplace

    Open Access•Johanne Lundager Axelsen, Jacob Stig Jarnot Meline et al.•BMC Psychology•2022

  • Randomised control trial of virtual reality in cognitive rehabilitation

    Open Access•Jovita Janavičiūtė, Raimonda Petrolienė et al.•BMC Psychology•2025

  • Learning and Transfer of Graphomotor Skills in Three 7- to 10-Year-Old Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

    Open Access•Laureen Josseron, Jérôme Clerc et al.•Children•2025

  • Impact of Innovative Emotion Training in Preschool and Kindergarten Children Aged from 3 to 6 Years

    Open Access•Anne Lafay, Carole Berger et al.•Children•2023

  • Integrating knowledge and skills transfer to support practice readiness in blended learning healthcare management education

    Open Access•Saikou Sanyang, Gordon Weller•Discover Education•2026

  • Epistemic alignment in STEM English classrooms

    Open Access•Jagdeep Panchal, Suseela Maddirala et al.•Frontiers in Education•2026

  • Development Strategies for Indonesian Narrative Writing Skills for Dyslexic Students

    Open Access•Aninditya Sri Nugraheni, Ahmad Syaripudin et al.•Journal of Disability & Religion•2026

  • An Introduction to Meaningism Learning Theory

    Open Access•Zhiting Zhu, Jiong Guo•International Journal of Chinese…•2026

  • Adding one more dimension into the instructional analogy

    Open Access•Fadime Arici, Akın Efendioğlu et al.•Thinking Skills and Creativity•2026

  • Creative minds in motion

    Open Access•Rafat Ghanamah, Caterina Pesce•Thinking Skills and Creativity•2026

  • From virtual to reality

    Open Access•Yuchun Zhong, Kai Guo et al.•Educational Research Review•2026

  • Media literacy education and teacher confidence in addressing violent extremism

    Open Access•Renee Hobbs, Kent Lenci et al.•Journal of Peace Education•2026

  • Beyond Immediate Gains

    Open Access•Rafat Ghanamah•Early Childhood Education Journal•2026

  • Improving the transfer of inquiry strategies by using short instructional videos

    Open Access•Ana Saavedra, Daniel L Schwartz et al.•Educational Technology Research…•2026

  • Integrating Insights from Volitional Personality Change Interventions to Improve Self-Regulated Learning

    Open Access•Mathias Allemand, Brent W Roberts et al.•Educational Psychology Review•2026

  • Striking the Balance

    Open Access•Meng Cao, Paulo F Carvalho•Educational Psychology Review•2026

  • Effects of the diversity of examples on how L1 and L2 learners apply abstract concepts

    Open Access•Verónica D'Angelo, Máximo Trench•Learning and Instruction•2026

  • From scaffolding to transfer

    Open Access•Na Zhang, Jinghan Xu et al.•Learning and Instruction•2026

  • Contributions of derivational morphological awareness to reading comprehension in Spanish–English and Chinese–English bilingual children

    Open Access•Xiaoying Wu, Michael J Kieffer et al.•Reading and Writing•2026

  • Training minds, shaping policies

    Open Access•Kate Marquez, Carlos Scartascini•Journal of Economic Psychology•2026

  • Conceptualisation of motor skill transfer in water safety education

    Open Access•Chris Button, Tina van Duijn et al.•Acta Psychologica•2026

  • Le transfert des apprentissages en milieu organisationnel

    Jean-François Roussel, Sophie Lanoix•Savoirs•2025

  • Schooling and achievement in American society

    David L Featherman, Robert Mason Hauser et al.•Schooling and achievement in…•1976

  • Human problem solving

    Allen Newell, Herbert Alexander Simon•Human problem solving•1972

  • The growth of logical thinking

    Bärbel Inhelder, Jean Piaget et al.•1958

  • The origins of intelligence in children.

    Jean Piaget, Margaret Cook•1952

  • Apprenticeship in Thinking

    B Rogoff•Apprenticeship in thinking•1990

  • Mathematics in the streets and in schools

    Open Access•Terezinha Nunes Carraher, David W Carraher et al.•British Journal of Developmental…•1985

  • Mechanization in problem solving

    Abraham S Luchins•The Psychological Monographs•1942

  • Analogical problem solving

    Open Access•Mary L Gick, Keith J Holyoak•Cognitive Psychology•1980

  • The role of theories in conceptual coherence.

    Gregory L Murphy, Douglas L Medin•Psychological Review•1985

  • Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory.

    Endel Tulving, Donald M Thomson•Psychological Review•1973

  • On problem-solving.

    Karl Duncker, Lynne S Lees•The Psychological Monographs•1945

  • "General Intelligence," Objectively Determined and Measured

    C Spearman•The American Journal of Psychology•1904

  • Inherent details in self-regulated learning

    Philip H Winne•Educational Psychologist•1995

  • Advances in the psychology of human intelligence

    Open Access•H J Eysenck•Behaviour Research and Therapy•1983

  • All Other Things Being Equal

    Open Access•Zhe Chen, David Klahr•Child Development•1999

  • The influence of improvement in one mental function upon the efficiency of other functions. (I).

    R S Woodworth, Edward L Thorndike•Psychological Review•1901

  • Judgment under Uncertainty

    Amos Tversky, Daniel Kahneman•Utility, Probability, and Human…•1975

  • Beyond IQ

    Robert J Sternberg•Beyond IQ•1985

  • Handbook of human intelligence

    Robert J Sternberg•Handbook of human intelligence•1982

  • The nature of insight

    Open Access•Jan J Elshout, Jan Elshout•Acta Psychologica•1996

  • Teaching intelligence

    David N Perkins, Tina A Grotzer•American Psychologist•1997

  • Teaching thinking skills

    Richard J Hernstein, Raymond S Nickerson et al.•American Psychologist•1986

  • The effects of graduate training on reasoning

    Darrin R Lehman, Richard Lempert et al.•American Psychologist•1988

  • Experimental psychology

    Edwin B Newman•Psychological Bulletin•1954

  • Schooling, intelligence, and income

    Stephen J Ceci, W M Williams•American Psychologist•1997

  • Teaching critical thinking for transfer across domains

    Diane F Halpern•American Psychologist•1998

  • Can young children benefit from collaborative problem solving? Tracing the effects of partner competence and feedback

    Open Access•Jonathan Tudge, Paul A Winterhoff et al.•Social Development•1993

  • Social Structure and Aging

    Beth B Hess, K Warner Schaie et al.•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1989

  • How much does schooling influence general intelligence and its cognitive components? A reassessment of the evidence

    Stephen J Ceci•Developmental Psychology•1991

  • A longitudinal study of the effects of undergraduate training on reasoning

    Darrin R Lehman, Richard E Nisbett•Developmental Psychology•1990

  • Bootstraps taxometrics

    Paul E Meehl•American Psychologist•1995

  • A demonstration of the trial and error method of learning

    Daniel Starch•Psychological Bulletin•1910

  • The role of content and abstract information in analogical transfer

    Lauretta Reeves, Lauretta M Reeves et al.•Psychological Bulletin•1994

  • When does cooperative learning increase student achievement

    Robert E Slavin•Psychological Bulletin•1983

  • Situated Learning

    Open Access•Jean Lave, Etienne Wenger•Situated Learning•1991

Unique citing works256
Citations per year11,96
Citation span2003 - 2026 (24)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 231

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae