Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Discrimination, Ethnic Identity, and Academic Outcomes of Mexican Immigrant Children

The Importance of School Context

Bibliographic Data

ID8104429
AuthorsChristia S Brown (0000-0001-5161-0077, University of Kentucky, corresponding author), Hui Chu (0000-0002-2041-3633, University of Kentucky)
Year2012
Volume83
Issue5
Pages1477-1485
Publication date2012-09-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueChild Development (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0009-3920 • E-ISSN: 1467-8624
PublisherWiley (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01786.x
PMID22966916
OpenAlexW2111672962
LanguageEN
Citations received119
References cited34

This study examined ethnic identity, perceptions of discrimination, and academic attitudes and performance of primarily first- and second-generation Mexican immigrant children living in a predominantly White community (N=204, 19 schools, mean age=9years). The study also examined schools' promotion of multiculturalism and teachers' attitudes about the value of diversity in predicting immigrant youth's attitudes and experiences. Results indicated that Latino immigrant children in this White community held positive and important ethnic identities and perceived low overall rates of discrimination. As expected, however, school and teacher characteristics were important in predicting children's perceptions of discrimination and ethnic identity, and moderated whether perceptions of discrimination and ethnic identity were related to attitudes about school and academic performance

Academic achievement · Acculturation · Context (archaeology · Cultural diversity · Developmental psychology · Diversity (politics · Ethnic group · Identity (music · Immigration · Multiculturalism · Pedagogy · Perception · Prejudice (legal term · Promotion (chess · Sociology · Critical Race Theory in Education · Parental Involvement in Education · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social Psychology

  • Ethnic-Racial Identity and Adolescents’ Positive Development in the Context of Ethnic-Racial Marginalization

    Open Access•Adriana J Umaña‐taylor, Adriana J Umaña-Taylor et al.•Human Development•2021

  • A Resilience Perspective on Immigrant Youth Adaptation and Development

    Open Access•Frosso Motti-Stefanidi, Frosso Motti‐Stefanidi et al.•Handbook on Positive Development…•2017

  • Schools as Acculturative and Developmental Contexts for Youth of Immigrant and Refugee Background

    Michael Schachner, Maja K Schachner et al.•European Psychologist•2018

  • Ethnic Discrimination against Mapuche Students in Urban High Schools in the Araucanía Region, Chile

    Open Access•Sandra Becerra, Mar A E Merino et al.•International Education Studies•2015

  • School Violence Against Mapuche Indigenous Students In Chilean Secondary Schools

    Open Access•Sandra Becerra, Juan Guillermo Mansilla-Sepúlveda et al.•Procedia - Social and Behavioral…•2015

  • How School Racial Climate Creates Opportunity Structures for Belonging

    Open Access•Christy M Byrd, Alisa Sas et al.•Educational Psychology Review•2026

  • Context matters

    Open Access•Amirah Saafir, Jessica Morales‐Chica et al.•Frontiers in Education•2025

  • Does a Strong Bicultural Identity Matter for Emotional, Cognitive, and Behavioral Engagement

    Open Access•Zuzanna M Preusche, Kerstin Göbel•Education Sciences•2021

  • Combien de générations reste-t-on « immigrants »

    Imen Ben-Cheikh, Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada•L Autre•2020

  • Long-term relations among perceived discrimination, self-esteem, and academic self-concept in adolescents with an immigrant background

    Open Access•Sira Neuhaus, Alyssa Laureen Grecu et al.•European Journal of Psychology of…•2026

  • Motivational, Identity, and Self-Regulatory Experiences in the Context of Ethnic Studies Classes for Latinx High School Students

    Open Access•Francesca López, Giselle Delcid et al.•Teachers College Record The Voice…•2025

  • Profiles of Latinx cultural orientation among adolescents

    Open Access•Miriam Ortiz, Fantasy T Lozada et al.•Journal of Adolescence•2024

  • Students’ Perceptions of Their Rights in School

    Open Access•L Perry-Hazan•Review of Educational Research•2021

  • The role of inclusion, discrimination, and belonging for adolescent Science, Technology, Engineering and Math engagement in and out of school

    Open Access•Kelly Lynn Mulvey, Channing J Mathews et al.•Journal of Research in Science…•2022

  • Implementation of Social Inclusion to Support Refugee Students’ Well-Being in Victoria, Australia

    Huu Loc Nguyen, Ahmed Bawa Kuyini•The Educational Forum•2024

  • Trajectories of ethnic discrimination and school adjustment of ethnically minoritized adolescents

    Open Access•Gülseli Baysu, Eva Grew et al.•Child Development•2024

  • How Diversity Approaches Affect Ethnic Minority and Majority Adolescents

    Open Access•Gülseli Baysu, Jessie Hillekens et al.•Child Development•2021

  • Towards a better understanding of cultural diversity approaches at school

    Open Access•Sauro Civitillo, Michael Schachner et al.•Learning Culture and Social…•2017

  • Acculturation, perceived discrimination, academic identity, gender and Chinese language learning among Ethnic Minority Adolescents

    Open Access•Mingyue Gu, Ming Ming Chiu et al.•International Journal of…•2022

  • Urbanization and Child Development

    Open Access•Uditi Sen, Umay Sen et al.•Human Development•2024

  • Teacher Beliefs and Student Learning

    Open Access•Sharon Wolf, Autumn Brown•Human Development•2023

  • Tridimensional (3D) Acculturation

    Gail M Ferguson, Marc H Bornstein•Global Perspectives on Well-Being…•2014

  • Latino Adolescents’ Experiences with Ethnic Discrimination

    Open Access•Melissa Y Delgado, Rajni L Nair et al.•Handbook of Children and Prejudice•2019

  • The Impact of US Sociopolitical Issues on the Prejudicial Treatment of Latino Children and Youth

    Open Access•Maria Espinola, Jenny Zhen-Duan et al.•Handbook of Children and Prejudice•2019

  • Teachers’ responses to ethnic discrimination

    Open Access•Marloes Hagenaars, Naïma Lafrarchi et al.•British Educational Research…•2024

  • Relating differently

    Open Access•Mafalda L Campos, Francisco Peixoto•British Journal of Educational…•2025

  • Measurement considerations in the link between racial/ethnic discrimination and adolescent well-being

    Open Access•Aprile D Benner, Yijie Wang et al.•Developmental Review•2022

  • The impact of school support and parent–child leisure on bicultural acceptance and national identity among immigrant adolescents

    Youngjin Noe, Hyein Moon et al.•Journal of Leisure Research•2026

  • Ethnic Identity and Discrimination

    Rhonda Tabbah, Jessica J Chung et al.•Identity•2016

  • Finding identity without discrimination

    Rhonda Tabbah, Joe E Wheaton et al.•Identities•2016

  • Investigating the Relationships Between Safety and Adverse Experiences for the Children of Immigrants

    Open Access•Carlene Y Barnaby, Robert Apel et al.•Race and Justice•2025

  • Discrimination, Psychological Isolation, and Flight from School

    Open Access•R Nakhaie•Journal of International…•2022

  • Why Curriculum and Culturally Responsive Teaching is Important in the Education of Refugee Children

    Open Access•Nermin Karabacak, Nurtaç Üstündağ et al.•Social Policy and Society•2025

  • Perceptions of College Among Latina/o Elementary Students

    Open Access•Amy J Núñez, Martín Meráz García•SAGE Open•2017

  • Political Climate, Discrimination, and Mental Health

    Jamie Booth, Jaime Booth et al.•The Journal of Sociology & Social…•2020

  • Do Parental and Peer Support Protect Adjustment in the Face of Ethnic Discrimination? A Comparison between Refugee Youth and Youth of Immigrant Descent

    Open Access•Julia Marie Christina Wenzing, Nadya Gharaei et al.•International Journal of…•2021

  • Examining the relationship between ethnic identity, depression, and alcohol use among students at historically black colleges/universities (HBCUs)

    Laura Braby, Matthew Holcomb et al.•Journal of Ethnicity in Substance…•2020

  • Classroom racial/ethnic diversity and upper elementary children’s social-emotional development

    Christina L Rucinski, Essie Sutton et al.•Applied Developmental Science•2021

  • Fitting in

    Karen Phalet, Gülseli Baysu•European Review of Social…•2020

  • Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare Vol. 47, Issue 4

    Sarah Erwin, Brad Forenza et al.•The Journal of Sociology & Social…•2020

  • Experienced, Anticipated, and Vicarious Discrimination

    Open Access•D Herda•Social Currents•2021

  • Importance of State and Local Variation in Black–Brown Attitudes

    Open Access•Barbara Gomez-Aguinaga, G R Sanchez et al.•The Journal of Race Ethnicity and…•2019

  • Discrimination and academic (dis)engagement of ethnic-racial minority students

    Open Access•M Verkuyten, Jochem Thijs et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2019

  • Ethnic discrimination in secondary education

    Open Access•Fanny D’hondt, Charlotte Maene et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2021

  • Are Syrian children integrated into our education

    Tuğba Çelik Keskin, Derin Atay•Diaspora Indigenous and Minority…•2023

  • We are Not All Named Maria”

    Audrey Lucero, Bobbie Bermúdez et al.•Journal of Language Identity &…•2023

  • Racializing undocumented immigrants in the age of color-blindness

    Open Access•M Cristina Alcalde•Latino Studies•2016

  • Ethnic‐racial socialization in Chinese American immigrant families

    Open Access•Sylvia H M Wong, Sylvia Wong et al.•Social Development•2024

  • Emotional school engagement among minority youth

    Kerstin Göbel, Zuzanna M Preusche•European Journal of Intercultural…•2019

  • Ethnic identity, school connectedness, and achievement in standardized tests among Mexican-origin youth

    Carlos E Santos, Mary Collins et al.•Cultural Diversity & Ethnic…•2015

  • Message received

    Open Access•Margaret O''Brien Caughy, Lois Ann Anderson et al.•Cultural Diversity & Ethnic…•2023

  • Boricua de pura cepa

    Open Access•Jenny Zhen‐Duan, Farrah Jacquez et al.•Cultural Diversity & Ethnic…•2018

  • The Role of Moral Disengagement, Self-Efficacy and Social-Anxiety in Secondary School Teachers’ Prejudice

    Open Access•Beatrice Bobba, Sule Yuksel et al.•Sexuality & Culture•2024

  • School climate and ethnic‐racial identity in school

    Open Access•Tissyana C Camacho, Michael Medina et al.•Journal of Community & Applied…•2017

  • The Roles of Racial Discrimination, Cultural Mistrust, and Gender in Latina/o Youth's School Attitudes and Academic Achievement

    Open Access•Adina C Cooper, Bernadette Sánchez•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2016

  • Immigrant Youth Resilience

    Open Access•Frosso Motti‐Stefanidi, Vassilis Pavlopoulos et al.•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2021

  • It's not what you say it's what you do

    Open Access•Jane Leer, Sarah E Gaither et al.•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2024

  • The Perceived Payoff of Education

    Open Access•Alison L Mroczkowski, Bernadette Sánchez et al.•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2017

  • Latino Students' Transition to Middle School

    Open Access•Jan N Hughes, MyungHee Im et al.•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2014

  • Immigrant family socialization

    Open Access•Yok-Fong Paat, Monica Chavira et al.•Journal of Comparative Social Work•2020

  • Early Adolescents’ Responses to Witnessing Gender-Based Harassment Differ by their Perceived School Belonging and Gender Typicality

    Open Access•Michelle W Tam, Michelle Tam et al.•Sex Roles•2020

  • Relocated children's adaptation in China's poverty alleviation resettlement

    Open Access•Xingling Jiang, Yong Sun et al.•Habitat International•2026

  • Engaging the Transnational Lives of Immigrant Youth in Public Schooling

    Reva Jaffe-Walter, Stacey J Lee•American Journal of Education•2018

  • Adolescent peer processes in extracurricular activities

    Open Access•Christian Berger, Nancy L Deutsch et al.•Children and Youth Services Review•2020

  • Newcomer Program Impacts on Course Access for Adolescent Newcomer Students

    Lorna Porter•Peabody Journal of Education•2025

  • Acculturation strategies of multi-cultural family adolescents in South Korea

    Open Access•Changmin Yoo•International Journal of…•2021

  • Studying abroad in Mexico with Mexican ancestry

    Nydia Martínez, Gina Mikel Petrie et al.•Journal of Multilingual and…•2024

  • Supporting adults to support youth

    Open Access•Amy J Anderson, Bernadette Sánchez et al.•Journal of Community Psychology•2018

  • Development of Racial–Ethnic Identity Among First Nation Children

    Open Access•Barry Corenblum•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2014

  • Consequences of Violent Victimization for Native American Youth in Early Adulthood

    Open Access•Jillian J Turanovic, Travis C Pratt•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2017

  • Friendship Network and School Socialization Correlates of Adolescent Ethnic-Racial Identity Development

    Open Access•Olga Kornienko, Adriana J Umaña‐taylor et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2024

  • Coping with Discrimination from Peers and Adults

    Open Access•Jessica P Montoro, Jessica E Kilday et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2021

  • The Association Between Perceived Discriminatory Climate in School and Student Performance in Math and Reading

    Open Access•Gülseli Baysu, Orhan Agirdag et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2023

  • Relationships Between Racial–Ethnic Identity, Self-esteem and In-group Attitudes Among First Nation Children

    Open Access•Barry Corenblum•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2014

  • Fear of a School-to-Deportation Pipeline

    Open Access•Patricia Maloney, Duke W Austin et al.•Urban Education•2023

  • Adolescents’ exposure to classmates from non‐immigrant families and adulthood volunteerism

    Open Access•Yuying Tong, Jinho Kim•Social Science Quarterly•2022

  • Why Immigrants’ Multiple Identities Matter

    Open Access•Shaun Wiley, Fenella Fleischmann et al.•Journal of Social Issues•2019

  • Latino Immigrant Children’s Acculturative Stress in Music Classes

    Open Access•Giulia Ripani•Journal of Research in Music…•2025

  • Helping me helps us

    Open Access•Bernadette Sánchez, Amy J Anderson et al.•Developmental Psychology•2020

  • Ethnic pride, self-esteem, and school belonging

    Open Access•Maciel M Hernández, Richard W Robins et al.•Developmental Psychology•2017

  • Peer support development among Black American and Latinx adolescents

    Adam J Hoffman, Abunya C Agi et al.•Developmental Psychology•2019

  • The Effects of Peer Parental Education on Student Achievement in Urban China

    Open Access•Jinho Kim, Yuying Tong et al.•American Educational Research…•2021

  • Contextual Conditions for Acculturation and Adjustment of Adolescent Immigrants – Integrating Theory and Findings

    Open Access•Michael Schachner, Fons J R Van De Vijver et al.•Online Readings in Psychology and…•2017

  • The Experience of Ethnic and Racial Group Membership Among Immigrant-Origin Adolescents

    Open Access•Pratyusha Tummala-Narra, Nina Sathasivam‐Rueckert et al.•Journal of Adolescent Research•2015

  • Ethnic Identity in Diverse Schools

    Open Access•Nadya Gharaei, Jochem Thijs et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2018

  • Protective and Promotive Effects of Latino Early Adolescents' Cultural Assets Against Multiple Types of Discrimination

    Open Access•A M Cavanaugh, Gabriela L Stein et al.•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2017

  • Coping With Racism

    Open Access•Irene J K Park, Lijuan Wang et al.•Child Development•2017

  • Perceived discrimination and academic distress among Latinx college students

    Hsiu‐Lan Cheng, Ryon C Mcdermott et al.•Journal of Counseling Psychology•2019

  • Discrimination-Related Stress Effects on the Development of Internalizing Symptoms Among Latino Adolescents

    Open Access•Selcuk R Sirin, Lauren Rogers-Sirin et al.•Child Development•2015

  • A Post-Racial Society in Which Ethnic-Racial Discrimination Still Exists and Has Significant Consequences for Youths’ Adjustment

    Open Access•Adriana J Umaña‐taylor•Current Directions in Psychological…•2016

  • Enhancing or reducing interethnic hierarchies? Teacher diversity approaches and ethnic majority and minority students' ethnic attitudes and discrimination experiences

    Open Access•Miriam Schwarzenthal, Karen Phalet et al.•Journal of School Psychology•2023

  • Discrimination and Sleep Mediate Ethnic/Racial Identity and Adolescent Adjustment

    Open Access•Tiffany Yip, Heining Cham et al.•Child Development•2019

  • National and Racial-Ethnic Identification

    Open Access•Victoria C Rodriguez-Operana, Victoria C Rodriguez et al.•The Journal of Early Adolescence•2015

  • Cultural Diversity Climate and Psychological Adjustment at School—Equality and Inclusion Versus Cultural Pluralism

    Open Access•Michael Schachner, Peter Noack et al.•Child Development•2016

  • Ethnicity and Ethnic Identity in Context

    Open Access•Lisa Kiang•Human Development•2014

  • The Distal Role of Adolescents’ Awareness of and Perceived Discrimination on Young Adults’ Socioeconomic Attainment among Mexican-Origin Immigrant Families

    Open Access•Lorey A Wheeler, Prerna G Arora et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2020

  • Profiles of ethnic‐racial socialization from family, school, neighborhood, and the Internet

    Open Access•Christy M Byrd, Lydia Harim Ahn•Journal of Community Psychology•2020

  • Unpacking school ethnic‐racial socialization

    Open Access•Farzana T Saleem, Christy M Byrd•Journal of Social Issues•2021

  • Tú No Eres de Aquí

    Cecilia Ayón, Sandy P Philbin•Social Work Research•2017

  • School achievement and well-being of immigrant children

    Open Access•Rita Guerra, Ricardo Borges Rodrigues et al.•Journal of School Psychology•2019

  • Teaching in Tensions

    Open Access•Susan Roberta Katz•Teachers College Record The Voice…•1999

  • The Validity of Self-Reported Grade Point Averages, Class Ranks, and Test Scores

    Open Access•Nathan R Kuncel, Marcus Credé et al.•Review of Educational Research•2005

  • Ethnic Diversity and Perceptions of Safety in Urban Middle Schools

    Open Access•Jaana Juvonen, Adrienne Nishina et al.•Psychological Science•2006

  • The Development and Validation of an Instrument to Assess Attitudes toward Cultural Diversity and Pluralism among Preservice Physical Educators

    Open Access•Linda S Stanley•Educational and Psychological…•1996

  • Race and Place

    Open Access•Susan Welch, Lee Sigelman et al.•Race and Place•2001

  • Patterns of Hispanic Students' Math Skill Proficiency in the Early Elementary Grades

    Sean F Reardon, Claudia Galindo•Journal of Latinos and Education•2007

  • Variability in the Inter‐group Attitudes of White Children

    Open Access•Christia S Brown, Agnieszka Spatzier et al.•Social Development•2010

  • Educational Aspirations of Minority Youth

    Grace Kao, M Tienda•American Journal of Education•1998

  • Sense of Belonging Among High School Students Representing 4 Ethnic Groups

    Open Access•Beverly S Faircloth, Jill V Hamm•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2005

  • Assessing Dispositions Toward Cultural Diversity among Preservice Teachers

    Open Access•Jay R Dee, Alan B Henkin•Urban Education•2002

  • Beyond the Individual

    Amy Bellmore, Amy D Bellmore et al.•Developmental Psychology•2004

  • Trajectories of perceived adult and peer discrimination among Black, Latino, and Asian American adolescents

    Melissa L Greene, Niobe Way et al.•Developmental Psychology•2006

  • Ethnic Identity and the Academic Adjustment of Adolescents From Mexican, Chinese, and European Backgrounds

    Andrew J Fuligni, Melissa R Witkow et al.•Developmental Psychology•2005

  • Perceived school environments, perceived discrimination, and school performance among children of Mexican immigrants

    Open Access•Susan Stone, Meekyung Han•Children and Youth Services Review•2004

  • Fitting In

    Open Access•Krista M Perreira, Andrew J Fuligni et al.•Journal of Social Issues•2010

  • Social identities and intergroup bias in immigrant and nonimmigrant children

    Jennifer H Pfeifer, Diane N Ruble et al.•Developmental Psychology•2007

  • Psychological Variables as Predictors of Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Among Minority and Immigrant Adolescents 1

    Open Access•Jean S Phinney, Tanya Madden et al.•Journal of Applied Social…•1998

  • Latino adolescents’ mental health

    Open Access•Adriana J Umaña‐taylor, Kimberly A Updegraff•Journal of Adolescence•2006

  • Ethnic identity and self‐esteem

    Open Access•Adriana J Umaña‐taylor•Journal of Adolescence•2003

  • Discrimination Distress During Adolescence

    Open Access•Celia B Fisher, Scyatta A Wallace et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2000

  • The Influence of Ethnic Discrimination and Ethnic Identification on African American adolescents' School and Socioemotional Adjustment

    Open Access•Carol Wong, Carol A Wong et al.•Journal of Personality•2003

  • School and Neighborhood Contexts, Perceptions of Racial Discrimination, and Psychological Well-being Among African American Adolescents

    Open Access•Eleanor K Seaton, Tiffany Yip•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2008

  • Teacher beliefs and cultural models

    Open Access•Lynn A Bryan, Mary M Atwater•Science Education•2002

  • Multidimensional Model of Racial Identity

    Open Access•Robert M Sellers, Mia Smith Bynum et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•1998

  • An Organizing Framework for Collective Identity

    Richard D Ashmore, Kay Deaux et al.•Psychological Bulletin•2004

  • Paths to High School Graduation or Dropout

    Margaret E Ensminger, Anita L Slusarcick•Sociology of Education•1992

  • Experiences of Discrimination among African American, Asian American, and Latino Adolescents in an Urban High School

    Open Access•Susan Rakosi Rosenbloom, Niobe Way•Youth & Society•2004

  • School segregation and academic achievement among Hispanic children

    Open Access•I Ryabov, Jennifer Van Hook•Social Science Research•2007

Unique citing works119
Citations per year9,15
Citation span2013 - 2026 (14)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 118

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae