Executive function in preschoolers
A review using an integrative framework
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 14448371 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Nancy Garon (0000-0001-6591-8793, Izaak Walton Killam Health Centre), Susan E Bryson (Dalhousie University), Isabel M Smith (0000-0001-5525-2123, Dalhousie University) |
| Year | 2008 |
| Volume | 134 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 31-60 |
| Publication date | 2008-01-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Psychological Bulletin (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0033-2909 • E-ISSN: 1939-1455 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1037/0033-2909.134.1.31 |
| PMID | 18193994 |
| OpenAlex | W2091251508 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 417 |
| References cited | 67 |
During the last 2 decades, major advances have been made in understanding the development of executive functions (EFs) in early childhood. This article reviews the EF literature during the preschool period using an integrative framework. The framework adopted considers EF to be a unitary construct with partially dissociable components (A. Miyake et al., 2000). The authors focus on 3 EF components: working memory, response inhibition, and shifting. For the present purposes, the central executive is conceived of as a central attention system that is involved in all EF component operations. Research to date suggests that elementary forms of the core EF components are present early during the preschool period. Changes in EF during the latter half of the preschool period appear to be due to the development of attention and integration of component EFs. Finally, the review outlines a number of areas that warrant further investigation if researchers are to move forward in understanding early EF development
Child development · Cognition · Cognitive psychology · Cognitive science · Component (thermodynamics) · Construct (python library) · Developmental psychology · Early childhood · Executive functions · Focus (optics) · Function (biology) · Period (music) · Political science · Unitary state · Warrant · Working memory · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development · Child and Animal Learning Development · Cognitive Abilities and Testing · Computer Science · Neuroscience · Psychology
Parental autonomy support predicts academic achievement through emotion-related self-regulation and adaptive skills in Chinese American adolescents
Preste atenção às Funções Executivas na pesquisa em aquisição de linguagem
Inflexibility in Reasoning
Education at a Glance 2014
Measuring Green Space Effects on Attention and Stress in Children and Youth
Focused but fixed
Left, right, left, right
The Interaction Between Child Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia and Early Sensitive Parenting in the Prediction of Children's Executive Functions
Cognitive control in infancy
Family Socioeconomic Status Predicts Children's Disruptive Behaviour
Associations between middle childhood executive control aspects and adolescent substance use and externalizing and internalizing problems
Adherence to the 24‐h Movement Behaviors Guidelines and Associations With Cognitive and Behavioral Self‐Regulation Among Brazilian Preschoolers
Executive Functioning Across the Transition to Kindergarten
Executive function and theory of mind as predictors of socially withdrawn behavior in institutionalized children
Relation between executive functions and screen time exposure in under 6 year-olds
Relations among Executive Function, Decoding, and Reading Comprehension
The role of executive functions in 9‐ to 12‐year‐old children's sentence processing
Analysis of the Associations Between Emotional Memory and Performance in Tasks with Cognitive Demand in Preschoolers
Integrating Executive Function Activities Into a Computerized Cognitive Training to Enhance Reading Comprehension in Primary Students
Is bilingualism related to a cognitive advantage in children? A systematic review and meta-analysis
The impact of pretend play on children's development
Cognitive adaptations to stressful environments
The development of cognitive skills and gains in academic school readiness for children from low-income families
Cognitive predictors of difficulties in math and reading in pre-kindergarten children at high risk for learning disabilities
Vocabulary and Executive Functioning
The development of self-regulation across early childhood
Predicting reading and mathematics from neural activity for feedback learning
Charting early trajectories of executive control with the shape school
Maternal depressive symptoms, mother-child interactions, and children’s executive function
Young children’s core symbolic and nonsymbolic quantitative knowledge in the prediction of later mathematics achievement
Mother–child communication about location
Two approaches to estimating the effect of parenting on the development of executive function in early childhood
Executive control throughout elementary school
Effects of early adversity on neural mechanisms of distractor suppression are mediated by sympathetic nervous system activity in preschool-aged children
Heterotypic continuity of inhibitory control in early childhood
Using an adoption design to separate genetic, prenatal, and temperament influences on toddler executive function
Preschool executive functioning abilities predict early mathematics achievement
Longitudinal associations between executive functioning and academic skills across content areas
Preschoolers can infer general rules governing fantastical events in fiction
Cohort effects in children’s delay of gratification
Early cumulative risk and outcomes in adolescence and adulthood
Verbal ability and executive functioning development in preschoolers at head start
Individual differences in executive functioning predict preschoolers’ improvement from theory-of-mind training
Examining the dimensionality of effortful control in preschool children and its relation to academic and socioemotional indicators
Attention demands influence 10- and 12-month-old infants' perseverative behavior
Tinkering to innovation
Promoting prosocial behavior and self-regulatory skills in preschool children through a mindfulness-based kindness curriculum
Repeated sequential action by young children
Is greater improvement in early self-regulation associated with fewer behavioral problems later in childhood
Executive control goes to school
The effects of parental scaffolding on preschoolers' executive function
Examining executive function in the second year of life
Does early executive function predict teacher–child relationships from kindergarten to second grade
What visual information do children and adults consider while switching between tasks? Eye-tracking investigation of cognitive flexibility development
Measurement models for studying child executive functioning
Cumulative psychosocial risk, parental socialization, and child cognitive functioning
Global–local and trail-making tasks by monolingual and bilingual children
Predictors of behavioral regulation in kindergarten
Changes in frontal EEG coherence across infancy predict cognitive abilities at age 3
Incidental category learning and cognitive load in a multisensory environment across childhood
Examining the predictive relations between two aspects of self-regulation and growth in preschool children’s early literacy skills
Relations between inhibitory control and the development of academic skills in preschool and kindergarten
Does verbal labeling influence age differences in proactive and reactive cognitive control
A plausible role of imagination in pretend play, counterfactual reasoning, and executive functions
Parenting and coregulation
Improving students’ ability to intuitively infer resistance from magnitude of current and potential difference information
Executive Functions, Psychiatric Symptoms and ADHD in Child Psychiatric Patients–Concurrent and Longitudinal Associations from Preschool to School Age
The Cambridge Handbook of Applied School Psychology
Effortful Control
Self‐Regulation in the First 3 Years of Life
How Children Invented Humanity
A Developmental Perspective on Executive Function
Handbook of Self-Regulation of Learning and Performance
Executive function in early childhood
The structure of executive function in 3-year-olds
The relations between children’s communicative perspective-taking and executive functioning
Commonalities and Differences in the Research on Children’s Effortful Control and Executive Function
Working memory and mathematics
Conceptualization and Operationalization of Executive Function
Demographic and familial predictors of early executive function development
Effortful Control, Executive Functions, and Education
The Potential for School-Based Interventions That Target Executive Function to Improve Academic Achievement
Investigating the links between the subcomponents of executive function and academic achievement
Working memory and mathematics in primary school children
Executive Functions in Preschool Children with Externalizing Behavior Problems
Tracking Executive Function Across the Transition to School
Developmental Changes in Executive Functioning
Systematic review of physical activity and cognitive development in early childhood
From External Regulation to Self-Regulation
The Classroom as a Developmental Context for Cognitive Development
Exploring the nature of cognitive flexibility
Foundations of mathematics and literacy
Working memory development in monolingual and bilingual children
Personality Psychology and Economics
The developmental trajectories of executive function from adolescence to old age
Effects of Mindful Awareness Practices on Executive Functions in Elementary School Children
Annual Research Review
Emotion-Related Self-Regulation and Its Relation to Children's Maladjustment
Parenting Influences on Executive Function in Early Childhood
Relations Between False Belief Understanding and Executive Function in Early Childhood
Models of Working Memory
From Neuropsychology to Mental Structure
Working-memory capacity and the control of attention
A controlled-attention view of working-memory capacity.
Conflict monitoring and cognitive control.
Theory of mind and rule-based reasoning
The Development of Visual Attention in Infancy
Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity and What They Tell Us About Controlled Attention, General Fluid Intelligence, and Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex
The Negative Priming Effect
An age-related dissociation between knowing rules and using them
Development of cognitive control and executive functions from 4 to 13 years
Individual differences in executive functioning and theory of mind
Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task
Storage and Executive Processes in the Frontal Lobes
Attention, self–regulation and consciousness
The separability of working memory resources for spatial thinking and language processing
Dimensions of executive functioning
Processes in Delay of Gratification
The relationship between cognition and action
Delay of Gratification in Children
The Relations Among Inhibition and Interference Control Functions
The dynamics of embodiment
Development of attentional networks in childhood
The Development of Executive Attention
Research on Attention Networks as a Model for the Integration of Psychological Science
How specific is the relation between executive function and theory of mind? Contributions of inhibitory control and working memory
Training, maturation, and genetic influences on the development of executive attention
An Integrative Theory of Prefrontal Cortex Function
Attention to Action
Working memory, short-term memory, and general fluid intelligence
Normal Development of Prefrontal Cortex from Birth to Young Adulthood
Developmentally Sensitive Measures of Executive Function in Preschool Children
Age-related change in executive function
Effortful Control
Assessment of Hot and Cool Executive Function in Young Children
A hot/cool-system analysis of delay of gratification
The effects of task and practice on search for invisibly displaced objects
Stages in the development of the young child's first sense of self
Evaluating the theory of executive dysfunction in autism
Computational cognitive neuroscience of early memory development
The rise and fall of the inhibitory mechanism
Effortful Control as a Personality Characteristic of Young Children
Developing Mechanisms of Temperamental Effortful Control
Attentional Engagement in Infancy
Decalage in Infants' Search for Mothers Versus Toys Demonstrated With a Delayed Response Task
Demands on Finite Cognitive Capacity Cause Infants' Perseverative Errors
The Onset of Working Memory in Infants
The Cognitive Basis of Future‐oriented Prosocial Behavior
Selective attention to the self
Autistic children's difficulty with mental disengagement from an object
Executive Function and Theory of Mind
Development of attention and distractibility in the first 4 years of life
Development of Visuospatial Short-Term Memory in the Second Half of the 1st Year
The Structure of Working Memory From 4 to 15 Years of Age
The role of strategic attention deployment in development of self-regulation
Rule selection versus rule execution in preschoolers
Development of sustained, focused attention in young children during free play
Negative Priming Effects in Children Engaged in Nonspatial Tasks
Representational flexibility and response control in a multistep multilocation search task
Age, individuality, and context as factors in sustained visual attention during the preschool years
Effortful control in early childhood
Finding your marbles
Conditions under which young children can hold two rules in mind and inhibit a prepotent response
The Unity and Diversity of Executive Functions and Their Contributions to Complex “Frontal Lobe” Tasks
Effects of attention to symbolically presented rewards on self-control
Cognitive appraisals and transformations in delay behavior
The Directive Function of Speech in Development and Dissolution
| Unique citing works | 417 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 24,53 |
| Citation span | 2009 - 2026 (18) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 352 |