Teaching about race/ethnicity and racism matters
An examination of how perceived ethnic racial socialization processes are associated with depression symptoms
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 8077936 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Lisa L Liu (corresponding author), Anna S Lau (0000-0002-1142-2175) |
| Year | 2013 |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 383-394 |
| Publication date | 2013-10-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1099-9809 • E-ISSN: 1939-0106 |
| Publisher | American Psychological Association (PUBLISHER • US) |
| DOI | 10.1037/a0033447 |
| PMID | 24188535 |
| OpenAlex | W2321339928 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 60 |
| References cited | 41 |
Ethnic racial socialization (ERS) processes include cultural socialization (enculturation), preparation for bias, and promotion of mistrust. Although often conflated, these processes may variably confer psychological risk or protection. Cultural socialization has often been found to be protective, whereas promotion of mistrust has at times been associated with risk. We hypothesized that the distinctive associations between ERS processes and depression might be explained by trait optimism and pessimism as potential mediators. Results from a sample of 670 African American, Latino, and Asian American young adults indicated that cultural socialization was negatively associated with depression, whereas preparation for bias and promotion of mistrust were positively associated with depression. Participants who reported that their families engaged in cultural socialization had a more optimistic and less pessimistic outlook, which in turn explained lower levels of depression symptoms. In contrast, reported familial preparation for bias and promotion of mistrust were linked to greater pessimism and less optimism, which in turn were associated with depression symptoms. Although there were racial/ethnic differences in mean levels of ERS processes, multigroup analyses revealed that the associations with depression symptoms were robust across groups
Depression (economics · Developmental psychology · Enculturation · Ethnic group · Optimism · Pessimism · Political science · Promotion (chess · Racism · Socialization · Trait · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development · Clinical Psychology · Early Childhood Education and Development · Gender Studies · Psychology · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research · Social Psychology
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Profiles of racial discussions and associations with parent sociocultural factors and internalized racism in Asian American families
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Cascading effects of Chinese American parents' Covid-19 racial discrimination and racial socialization on adolescents' adjustment
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The role of family ethnic-racial socialization in early childhood among minoritized populations
The Interplay of Cultural Orientation and Discrimination in Asian American Parents’ Racial-Ethnic Socialization
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Profiles of Asian American parent‐ and adolescent‐reported ethnic‐racial socialization
Trajectories of depressive symptoms from adolescence to adulthood among multiple Latino subgroups
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A scoping review of parent-involved ethnic and racial socialization programs
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Developmental antecedents of adolescent optimism in rural midwestern U.S. Latinx youth
Antecedents and Consequences of Discrepant Perceptions of Racial Socialization between Parents and Adolescents within Mexican-Origin Families
Views of Intermarried Couples
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Holding both truths
Intergenerational transmission of cultural socialization and effects on young children’s developmental competencies among Mexican-origin families
Immigrant Young Adults of Color’s Racial Dialogues in Family
Explicating Acculturation Strategies among Asian American Youth
Ethnic‐racial socialization among Black, Latinx, and White parents of elementary school‐age children
Profiles of Ethnic-Racial Identity, Socialization, and Model Minority Experiences
It’s Killing Us!” Narratives of Black Adults About Microaggression Experiences and Related Health Stress
Racial discrimination and the moderating effects of racial and ethnic socialization on the mental health of Asian American youth
EMBR ace
Development of an Asian American parental racial–ethnic socialization scale
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What types of racial messages protect Asian American adolescents from discrimination? A latent interaction model
Family ethnic socialization predicts better academic outcomes via proactive coping with discrimination and increased self‐efficacy
Chinese American adolescents’ experiences of Covid-19 racial discrimination
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Covid-19 Racism, Depressive Symptoms, Drinking to Cope Motives, and Alcohol Use Severity Among Asian American Emerging Adults
Ethno‐Religious Socialization Among Majority and Minority Group Children in a Post‐Conflict Society
Family Socialization for Racism and Heterosexism
Cultural Orientation, Racial-Ethnic Socialization, and Youth Adjustment Outcomes
Pathways from exposure to racial/ethnic discrimination to depression
Ethnic-Racial Socialization in the Family
The next generation
On the Self-Regulation of Behavior
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Gender Differences in Depression
Mothers’ Racial, Ethnic, and Cultural Socialization of Transracially Adopted Asian Children
The Influence of Racial Socialization Practices on the Cognitive and Behavioral Competence of African American Preschoolers
Race/ethnicity and internalizing disorders in youth
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Gender, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms
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Received ethnic–racial socialization messages and youths’ academic and behavioral outcomes
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Mothers' and Fathers' Racial Socialization in African American Families
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Discrimination Distress During Adolescence
Patterns of Racial Socialization and Psychological Adjustment
Perceived Racial Discrimination and Self‐Esteem in African American Youth
Socialization and Racial Identity Among Black Americans
Ethnic-Racial Socialization and Adjustment Among Latino College Students
Testing for the equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures
Unintended Consequences of US Immigration Policy
Ethnic Identity Formation During Adolescence
Racial Identity and Racial Socialization Attitudes of African American Parents
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| Unique citing works | 60 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 5,45 |
| Citation span | 2015 - 2026 (12) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 59 |